关于commerciallyviable的信息
帮我大体翻译一下,加50分。
Since the 1990s, South Korean cinema has emerged as the latest noteworthy national cinema by virtue of both its commercial and critical success.从1990年开始,韩国电影凭借商品化关键的成功在已经成为最新值得关注的国家电影.In this dissertation, I examine the role of a new generation of filmmakers in bringing out a second film renaissance in Korea. 在此专题中,我调查在韩国新一代的电影人带来的第二电影复兴This new generation of directors can be identified as the 386 Generation---born in the 1960s, enrolled in college during the 1980s, and trained in film schools domestic and abroad.这些新一代的导演可以被确定为386一代---生于六十年代,就读于八十年代的大学,并且培养在国内和国外的电影学院.While in college during the 1980s, members of the 386 Generation witnessed the uprising in Kwang-ju, endured the dictatorship of then president Chun Doo-hwan, and became politically active by being involved in demonstrations and pro-labor 在八十年代的大学中,这些386一代目睹了起义的光州,忍受的独裁统治全斗焕,并开始积极参与****和工人运动.When the 386 Generation directors debuted in the early 1990s, the Korean industry was in the process of restructuring under pressures from the U.S. to lift protective measures and allow direct distribution by major U.S. studios. 在90年初期当386一代导演亮相时,韩国正处于转型过程的压力之下,由美国解除保全措施,使直接分配到美国大制片厂.The efforts to cope with this crisis were bifurcated. The Korean film industry attempted to compete with Hollywood cinema by producing commercially viable films, including blockbusters and new genre films, while directors such as Lee Chang-dong, Kim Ki-duk, and Hong Sang-soo found a niche in the art cinema circuit.;为应付这次危机, 韩国电影产业的企图与好莱坞的电影制作商业影片 包括猛片和新的类型电影,而导演如李沧东,金其杜 , 洪桑洙在艺术的道路上找到了一席之地;
In this project, I underscore the specificities of contemporary Korean cinema by focusing on both commercially driven films and art cinema.
在这个项目中, 我要强调的特殊性当代韩国电影的重点放在商业驱动电影和艺术电影.

---A Korean film renaissance and the 386 Generation directors.韩国电影的复兴与386一代导演
我要一篇关于乒乓球的英语文章
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Table Tennis
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Table tennis is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight, hollow ball back and forth to each other with paddles. The game takes place on a hard table divided by a net. Players must allow a ball played towards them only one bounce on their side of the table and must return it so that it bounces on the opposite side. If the ball doesn't land on the opponent's side, it is a "dead ball," unless the receiving player has hit the ball before it has clearly passed the end line of the table. Play is fast and demands quick reactions. A skilled player can impart spin to the ball, which makes its bounce and reaction on the opponent paddle or racket difficult to predict or return with confidence.
Table tennis originated in England in the 1880s as an after-dinner amusement for upper-class Victorians. A line of books was used as a net, a rounded top of a champagne cork or knot of string as a ball, and a cigar box lid as a paddle.
Table tennis evolved into the modern game in Europe, the United States and Japan[2]. The game is controlled by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), founded in 1926.
The game has its origins in England as an after-dinner amusement for upper-class Victorians in the 1880s. Mimicking the game of tennis in an indoor environment, everyday objects were originally enlisted to act as the equipment. A line of books would be the net, a rounded top of a Champagne cork or knot of string as the ball, and a cigar box lid as the racket.
The popularity of the game led game manufacturers to sell the equipment commercially. Early rackets were often pieces of parchment stretched upon a frame, and the sound generated in play gave the game its first nicknames of "whiff-whaff" and "Ping-pong." A number of sources indicate that the game was first brought to the attention of Hamley's of Regent Street under the name "Gossima". The name "ping-pong" was in wide use before English manufacturer J. Jaques Son Ltd trademarked it in 1901. The name "Ping-Pong" then came to be used for the game played by the rather expensive Jaques equipment, with other manufacturers calling theirs table tennis. A similar situation came to exist in the United States where Jaques sold the rights to the "Ping-Pong" name to Parker Brothers.
The next major innovation was by James Gibb, an English enthusiast of the game, who discovered novelty celluloid balls on a trip to the U.S. in 1901 and found them to be the ideal balls for the game. This was followed by E.C. Goode who in 1903 invented the modern version of the racket by fixing a sheet of pimpled, or stippled, rubber to the wooden blade. Table tennis was growing in popularity by 1901 when table tennis tournaments were being organized, books on table tennis were being written, and an unofficial world championship was held in 1902. During the early 20th century the game was banned in Russia due to a belief that was held by the rulers at the time that playing the game had an adverse effect on players' eyesight. In 1921, the Table Tennis Association was founded in England, and the International Table Tennis Federation followed in 1926. London hosted the first official world championship in 1927. Table tennis was introduced as an Olympic sport at the Olympics in 1988.
In the 1950s rackets that used a rubber sheet combined with an underlaying sponge layer changed the game dramatically, introducing greater spin and speed. These were introduced to England by the sports goods manufacturers S.W. Hancock Ltd. The use of speed glue increased the spin and speed even further, resulting in changes to the equipment to "slow the game down."
Toward the end of 2000, the ITTF instituted several rules changes aimed at making table tennis more viable as a televised spectator sport. First, the older 38 mm balls were officially replaced by 40 mm balls. This increased the ball's air resistance and effectively slowed down the game. By that time, players had begun increasing the thickness of the fast sponge layer on their rackets, which made the game excessively fast, and difficult to watch on television. Secondly, the ITTF changed from a 21 to an 11 point scoring system. This was intended to make games more fast-paced and exciting. The ITTF also changed the rules on service to prevent a player from hiding the ball during service, in order to increase the average length of rallies and to reduce the server's advantage. Variants of the sport have emerged. "Large-ball" table tennis uses a 44 mm ball which slows down the game significantly. This has seen some acceptance by players who have a hard time with the extreme spins and speeds of the 40 mm game. The ball's mass is 2.47 grams.
There is a move towards reviving the table tennis game that existed prior to the introduction of sponge rubber. Classic table tennis or "Hardbat" table tennis players reject the speed and spin of reversed sponge rubber, preferring the 1940-60s style of no-sponge, short pimpled rubber of play which makes defense less difficult by decreasing the speed and eliminating any meaningful magnus effect of spin. Because hardbat killer shots are almost impossible to hit against a skilled player, hardbat matches focus on the strategic side of table tennis, requiring skillful maneuvering of the opponent before an attack can be successful.
每日一词-viable
词:viable
英英释义:able to be done, or worth doing ( Feasible)
例句:Renewables are economically viable alternatives.
2. 为什么选这个词?
“viable”是个形容词,它本身的意思是“可以存活的”,常被引申使用表示“可行的” “值得做的”。正如健康的生命才可以存活,好的想法、产品、解决方案才能存活,我们可以用 viable 来形容表示想法、产品、解决方案这一类词,也常可以用它替换 effective, feasible 等词。
在产品设计中,有个概念叫“最简可行产品”,它的英文就是 Minimum Viable Product(MVP),我们可以从它的英文解释中体会一下 viable 的意思:
A minimum viable product (MVP) is a product with just enough features to satisfy early customers and to provide feedback for future product development.
这里的 viable 就可以理解为“satisfy early customers”。如果一个产品可以满足用户的需求,实现盈利,那它就是一个 viable product。
比如星巴克在某一个四线城市开店半年以来,收入明显好于预期,就可以说:
Starbucks' new store in this fourth-tier city has proved commercially viable.
从经济角度来看,可再生能源是合适的替代能源。用英文可以说成:
Renewables are economically viable alternatives.
《经济学人》在一月份一篇讲电脑芯片的文章中就用到了 viable:
To keep its design pipeline full of viable new ideas, the firm must constantly forecast the computer industry’s direction.
3. 怎样学会使用这个词?
1)使用《牛津英语搭配词典》查“viable”,了解它作为形容词时的常用搭配。
commercially/politically/financially/economically viable
2)翻译下面的句子:
中国经济下行,许多 O2O 模式显得不再可行。
参考翻译:As China’s economy is going downhill, many online-to-offline (O2O) businesses no longer seem (commercially/economically) viable.
3)结合自己的生活、学习、工作、兴趣等,想象在什么语境下会用到这个表达。先简要描述这个场景,再造句。
There is no viable alternatives for middle class parents except for sending their children to various extracurriculum classes, hoping to gain more chances for future survival.
