跪求：英语高手帮忙翻译这句话：taxes deemed paid

【是这意思】：

taxes deemed paid：“被视为已缴税”：

可以翻译成：“已缴税”

The foreign tax credit provisions, however, allow taxpayers an indirect credit for the foreign “taxes deemed paid.

“然而，外国人税收抵免的规定：允许纳税人因外国人“被视为已缴税”而间接抵免。”

什么意思呢？举个例子：

比如：你有一个已经加入美国国籍的亲戚，那他就是美国公民，他在美国市场购物，有些商品是要交消费税的，如果你托他在美国买东西，他为你买的那个东西，就可以免缴消费税。因为你是外国人。

be deemed as后接什么

be deemed as被翻译成被视为。as后面不跟句子，它是说明主语的补语，一般跟名词或形容词

1.his job is deemed as important。

2.Linguistics can be deemed as the science of language.

语言学是研究语言的科学.

中译英下面的句子，哺育应该怎么翻译，feed合适吗，还有没有其他错误？

您好，这里的几个语法翻译问题有：

1）在英语中，河流通常用（女性）的代词 she，而不是（无性别）的代词 it；国家也是雷同的用法；

2）哺育更为正确的英语单词是 nurture，而不是 feed；

3）根据2008年的北京奥运会和2010年的上海世博会关于国内的（专有名词）的翻译的习惯，汉语的（黄河）的正确写法是 the Huanghe River；

4）中华民族的“母亲”应该使用（从属介词）of，而不是用（所有格）形式，所以 the Mother of the Chinese nation；

5）被称为除了用 is called 以外，还可以用 deemed（认为；视为）；

所以可以考虑翻译成：

The Huanghe River was called/deemed as the "Mother" of the Chinese nation in the ancient history of China, and she nurtured thousands upon thousands of Chinese people/peoples.

people 的复数形式 peoples 作为（民族，多个民族）的解释。

英文翻译

这是我为你翻译的第5个帖子，不过好像第一条款没看到，如需要完整翻译，请发信息给我。

Article 11. Governing Law

第11款 管辖法律

The validity, formation, and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the People's Republic of China

本协议的有效性、形成和履行应按照中华人民共和国的法律管辖和解释

Article 12. Arbitration

第12款 仲裁

All disputes, controversies, or differences which may arise between the parties out of or in relation to or in connection with the Agreement or for the breach thereof, shall be finally settled by arbitration in Shanghai, China in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the Chinese Commercial Arbitration Board. The award rendered by arbitrator(s) shall be final and binding upon both parties concerned.

本协议以外的、或是与本协议相关的，或是与本协议有联系的各方之间可能产生的所有**、争议、异议，都应按照中国国际商事仲裁委员会的国际商事仲裁规则在中国上海最终裁定。由仲裁员发出的仲裁裁决书应该是最终裁决，并对相关双方都有约束作用。

Article 13. Non-Waiver

第13款 不弃权

No claim or right of either party under this Agreement shall be deemed to be waived or renounced in whole or in part unless the waiver or renunciation of such claim or right is acknowledged and confirmed in writing by such party.

除非索赔或权利的弃权或放弃由该方书面承认或确认，否则本协议下任一方的索赔或权利都不能认为被全部或部分弃权（或放弃）了。

Article 14. Severability

If any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall be declared invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not in any way be affected and in such case the parties hereto oblige themselves to reach the intended purpose of the invalid provision by a new, valid and legal stipulation.

第14款 协议的可分割性

如果本协议所包含的任何一条或几条条款在任何适用法律下，在任何方面应被宣布无效、违法、或不能执行，那么协议所包含的其余条款将不以任何方式受到影响，而且在这种情况下，有关各方应责成自己用新的、有效而合法的规定来达到无效条款的原来目的。

Article 15. Entire Agreement

This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties, all prior representations having been merged herein, and may not be modified except by a writing signed by a duly authorized representatives of both parties.

第15款 完整的协议

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties through their authorized representatives have executed the Agreement as of the date first above written.

以资证明，双方通过自己的授权代表从上述成文的第一天起就已经执行了本协议。

请帮忙翻译

Cardiff City was formed in 1899 by Bartley Wilson as a way of keeping players from the Riverside Cricket Club together and in shape during the winter months.英冠英格兰足球冠军联赛卡迪夫城成立于1899年，由巴特利威尔逊建立是为了让滨江板球俱乐部聚集在一起，并且是以冬季球员的形式。

Their first season saw them playing friendlies against local sides at their Sophia Gardens ground, but in 1900 they joined the Cardiff District League for their first competitive season. 第一个赛季看到他们打友谊赛，双方在当地的索菲亚花园地面，但在1900年他们首次加入了竞争赛季联赛卡迪夫城。

In 1905 Cardiff was granted city status by King Edward VII, and as a result the club put in a request to change their name to Cardiff City, but the request was turned down as they were deemed to be not playing at a high enough level.1905年他们的球队被爱德华七世授予城市的身份，并且俱乐部写了一份申请要求将其队名更改为卡迪夫城，但申请被以他们所处的竞技级别不够为理由驳回。

To combat this they arranged to join the South Wales Amateur League in 1907 and the following year they were granted permission to change the name of the club to Cardiff City.1907年为了改名他们计划加入了南威尔士业余联盟，次年他们终于被批准将队名更改为卡迪夫城。

Interest in the club began to rise during this time, but they were forced to turn down the opportunity to join the newly formed Southern League Second Division due to the lack of facilities at their Sophia Gardens ground. 虽然此期间俱乐部有意发展壮大，但由于缺少索非亚花园球场设施，他们被迫放弃参与南部联赛乙级联赛的机会。

Over the next two years Cardiff welcomed many of Britain's top sides to Cardiff, including Middle**rough, Bristol City and Crystal Palace, with the matches being played at various grounds in Cardiff and nearby towns.接下来的两年里，卡迪夫城迎

来了很多英国顶级的球队来卡迪夫不同球场或其周边进行比赛，诸如米德尔斯堡 ，布里斯托城和水晶宫。

The club would eventually move into their new ground, Ninian Park, in 1910. The club made its first signing the following year with the acquisition of Jack Evans from fellow Welsh club Cwmparc FC.俱乐部于1910年终于搬进了他们的新场地—尼尼安公园。第二年，公司第一次与威尔士Cwmparc俱乐部的Jack Evans签约。

With the new ground in place, Cardiff joined the Southern League Second Division, and Bartley Wilson was quick to hire the club's first manager in Davy McDougall, who became player-manager. Their first match was a 2–1 defeat to Aston Villa, in which new signedd Evans scored the only Cardiff goal. 由于新的的场地，卡迪夫城加入了南部联赛乙级赛，Bartley Wilson迅速招了俱乐部的第一位经理人 他后来成为球员兼经理人。第一场比赛以2：1败给了阿斯顿维拉，此比赛中新签约的Evans踢入了卡迪夫城唯一进球。

They went on to finish in an impressive fourth place in their first year in the league. They stayed in the division for the next decade, apart from when the league was suspended due to the outbreak of World War I. 第一年他们获得了联赛第四的骄人战绩，另人侧目。接下来的十年里他们都在这个联赛活动，直到第一次世界大战爆发他们中途暂停了。

嘿嘿，谢谢了

什么是 deemed dividend

deemed dividend 是姑且分红。 指的是“商法”不允许但“税法”允许的分红。