包含quantifiers的词条
英语中单位名词和量词是一回事吗? 数量词和数词都是什么?
不是一回事。
英语中没有像汉语这样的“量词”分类,但有类似的用法和修辞结构,如quantitive
determinatives(量词限定词),portative(量词),quantifiers(量词)。它们之间有相同之处,但更多的是差异。

英语中的限定词,除了形容词以外,还有一些限定性的词语,能不能给我多一些有关的词语。
包括冠词,指示代词,形容词性物主代词,名词所有格,数词。第七讲 英语名词短语中的限定词
(Determiners in Noun Phrases)
一、限定词的定义(Defining the notion of “determiner”)
限定词不同于修饰语(modifier)。限定词是用来表示名词短语中中心词(head noun)(68页)是特指(specific reference)还是类指(generic reference),是表示确定数量(definite quantity)还是不确定(indefinite quantity)数量,是指称部分还是整体,起限定作用的一类词。修饰语只是在语义上增添名词中心词的“描绘”信息,使之更具体。因此限定词通常是必不可少的,而修饰语一般是可有可无的;限定词只能位于名词前,而修饰语很多则可以位于名词后,特别是形容词短语作修饰语时;限定词无短语成分,形容词等修饰语有短语成分。
True or false?
Determiners are words that are used to describe head nouns in noun phrases.(68页-71页)
请看下面的例子(课本68页):
(1)A deer can stand as soon as it is born.
(2)Thousands of visitors come to this museum every year.
(3)The old and the young sometimes find it hard to understand each other.
(4)All the first three winners in the game were Chinese.
(5)This company decides to pay the workers by the hour.
(6)Come and see us whenever you have any time.
(7)To tell you the truth, I do not like either color very much.
(8)I have to read all these books for my course.
请说出上面各句中的名词短语有哪些,注意其中的限定词。
二、限定词的类型(Types of determiners)(69页)
按照它们在指称名词时发挥的不同作用,英语限定词通常可以分为五类:
(一)冠词(articles):还可分为三类:定冠词(Definite Article):the;不定冠词(Indefinite Article):a, an;零冠词(Zero Article)。
(二)物主限定词(possessives):包括物主代词(Possessive Pronoun):my, your, his, her, our, your, their, one's, its以及名词属格(Generic Noun):Tom’s, my mother’s。
(三)指示限定词(demonstratives):在语义上和定冠词有紧密联系,用来指明所指物的数量以及与说话人的距离远近。定冠词几乎总是非重读的,而指示词却常常需要重读。指示限定词包括:this, that, these, those, such。
(四)量限定词(quantifiers):指明名词的数量,还可细分为四类:全部(inclusive)(all, each, every, whole)、大量(large quantity)(many, much)、适量或少量(moderate or **all quantity)、任意量或否定量(arbitrary/negative member or amount)(any, either, no, neither)。
(五)数词(numerals):包括基数词(cardinal numerals)、序数词(ordinal numerals)、倍数词(multiplicative numerals)(twice, three times…)和分数词(fractional numerals)(one third, two thirds)。基数词在语义上和量限定词相近,不同之处在于基数词提供具体的数量。序数词指明名词的顺序。
除了上述五类,还有疑问限定词(what, which, whose)和关系限定词(which, whose)。
72页课内练习2;76页课后练习1;
三、限定词在名词短语中的排列顺序(order of determiners in a noun phrase)(69-70)
根据限定词在名词短语中所处的位置,限定词又可分为三种:前位限定词(predeterminers)、中位限定词(central determiners)和后位限定词(post-determiners)。
前位限定词有:1、all, both, half; 2、倍数词double, twice, three times等;3、分数词one-third, two -fifths等。
中位限定词有:1、定冠词和不定冠词;2、物主限定词(物主代词和’s属格名词);3、指示限定词;4、不定数量词(some, few, no, any, every, each, either, neither);5、疑问限定词和关系限定词。
后位限定词有:1、基数词;2、序数词(包括一般序数词next, last, past, another, additional, further);3、封闭数量词(closed-system quantifiers)(few, fewer, several, most, more, many, much, little, less, least);4、开放数量词(open-system quantifiers)(plenty of, a bit of, a lot of, lots of, a great deal of, a number of以及bags of, heaps of等)。(73页练习5)
(跨类限定词:such, what, many)
从名称可以看出三类限定词的相对位置,当名词前有多个限定词时,它们的顺序是:前+中+后+名词。
请看例句。(70页)
(9) The volunteers came from all the thirty-two provinces, municipalities and regions.
(10) In all your four sentences the singular form is acceptable, but not the plural one.
(11) All these last few days we have been preparing for the qualifying test.
*注意:(70页)
当两个同位限定词一起位于名词前时,有以下几种情况:
1、前位限定词是相互排斥的,在一个名词短语中的中心名词前只能有一个前位限定词,如:all both sides, all half apple, all double hours都是不正确的说法。
2、中位限定词也是相互排斥的。如:the every book, his some books 就不对。
3、后位限定词不互相排斥,请看下列例句:
He will stay here for the first 3 days of the month.
Where will you be during the next few weeks?
I have two more hats than he does.
Many such regulations are also applicable to us.
Another such disaster and he will be ruined.
I’ll be here for another five/few weeks.
The last two pages are missing.
The two last pages are missing.
(Which is wrong?)
The last two pages of this book are missing.
The two last pages of this book are missing.
(Which is wrong?)
The second last page is missing.
The last second page is missing.
True or false?
Functionally speaking, determiners can be subdivided into pre-determiners, central determiners and post-determiners.(71页)
练习(见课本)
补充:
? each与every都有“每个”的意思,但二者含义及语**能不同,主要区别是:
1. each既可用作形容词,又可用作代词,在句中可以作定语,主语、宾语、同位语、状语等。
Each student has his own dictionary . (形容词,定语)
Each has his good point . (代词,主语)
Our head teacher had a talk with each of us . (代词,宾语)
The students each have a desk . (代词,同位语)
The children can have a bag each . (副词,状语)
2. each与every都可用作形容词,在句中作定语,但each更强调个人或个别,every更强调全体或全部。比较:
I know each number of your family.
I know every number of your family .
3. each指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”;every是指许多人或事物 的“全体”,与all的意思相近。试译:
这条街上每边都有很多商店。
[误]There are many shops on every side of the street .
[正]There are many shops on each side of the street .
我给她父母每人一件礼物。
[误]I gave a present to every one of her parents .
[正]I gave a present to each of her parents.
4. 指上下文提到过的确定数目中的“每一个”时,要用each;如果上下文没有提及时,不能用each,要用everyone等。试译:
我认为这三个答案个个都正确。
[误]I think every answer of the three is right .
[正]I think each of the three answers is right .
我看见人人都忙着工作。
[误]I saw each was busy with his work .
[正]I saw everyone was busy with his work .
单元音12
双元音8
很多人不知道中文的各种量词用英语该怎么说
很多人不知道中文的各种量词
Many people don't know the various quantifiers in Chinese
重点词汇释义
很多a great many; a great deal of; a large number of; plenty of
不知道hear nothing of; be ignorant of; be insensible of; be unaware of; in the dark
中文the Chinese language; Chinese
量词classifier; measure word; quantifier; operator
初中英语不可数名词归纳
初中英语不可数名词归纳有哪些?想了解更多的信息吗?一起来看看,以下是我分享给大家的初中英语不可数名词,希望可以帮到你!
初中英语不可数名词
Some nouns in English are uncountable nouns.
英语中有些单词是不可数名词。
We do not use uncountable nouns in the plural and we do not use them with the indefinite article, a/an.
不可数名词没有复数形式,我们也不用不定冠词a/an修饰他们。
We ate a lot of foods We ate a lot of food
We bought some new furnitures We bought some new furniture.
That’s a useful information That’s useful information
We can use some quantifiers with uncountable nouns:
我们可以用某些量词修饰不可数名词:
He gave me some useful advice.
They gave us a lot of information.
Uncountable nouns often refer to:
不可数名词有一下类别:
Substances: food; water; wine; salt; bread; iron
Human feelings or qualities: anger; cruelty; happiness; honesty; pride;
Activities: help; sleep; travel; work
Abstract ideas: beauty; death; fun; life
Common uncountable nouns
不可数名词的用法特征
(1)不带冠词的单数形式需用动词单数作谓语。例如:
Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。
(2)由much,little等词修饰。例如:
They have saved much money for future use.他们存了很多钱以备未来使用。
(3)与表示单位的量词如a piece of等连用。例如:
Go and fetch me a piece of chalk.给我去拿一支粉笔。
要十分注意的是:不可数名词不能与不定冠词或数词直接用在一起。如不能说a good news, an advice, a hard work等。
不可数名词用法
a) 不可数名词前一般不加冠词,尤不加不定冠词:若加a(an)则使之具体化了。 如:have a wonderful time.
b) 不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
c) 不可数名词一般无复数形式。部分物质名词在表不同类别时,可用复数形式。如:fishes(各种各样的鱼), newspapers(各种报纸), waters(河湖、海水), snows(积雪)……
d) 有些抽象名词也常用复数,变为可数的具体的事物。如:times 时代,works 著作,difficulties 困难
e) 在表数量时,常用“of”词组来表示。如:a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper…。
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代词英语缩写是什么?
代词的英语缩写是:pron,全称:pronoun。
1、这里你应该用复数代词。
Here you should use plural pronoun.
2、比较级、最高级、模糊限制语、数词、量词和代词也出现在广告中。
Comparatives, superlatives, hedges, numerals, quantifiers and pronouns are also used in advertisements.
3、库什曼说,他愿意按照每位学生的意愿使用相关代词,但他的底线是仍旧保持对女生的侧重。
Cushman said he would abide by whatever pronoun individual students requested for themselves, but he drew the line at changing his emphasis on women.
4、我注意到,讲中文的人经常把英文中的第三人称代词和集体名词单复数搞错(英文中的他和她不能互换)。
One of my observations is that Chinese speakers tend to have trouble with third-person pronouns ( he and she aren't interchangeable in English) and collective plurals.
5、like是介词,用于名词和代词之前。
Like is a preposition and is used before nouns and pronouns.
there+are+many+books+which+one+is什么(she)?
应该这样写:there are many books which one is hers?,最后填hers,意思是她的(东西),是名词性代词
