急急急急，求翻译。。。在线等

1. In the long process of historical development of mankind, the animal has been kept in close contact with humans and human survival, development has a profound impact. This intimate relationship makes the human animal have love, compassion, disgust, fear, and other complex emotions, people often take animals to sustenance and expression of human feelings, so many in both English and Chinese culture, and animal-related vocabulary. Vocabulary of a language reflects the differences in cultural development, due to the history, customs, values, religion and many other aspects of cultural factors, both Chinese and English language to give words to their specific animalLove me, love my dog（爱屋及乌），Every dog has his day (凡人皆有得意日)，Barking dogs seldom bite（吠犬不咬人）， A good dog deserves a good bone（立功者受奖），He worked like a dog他工作很卖力），Let sleeping dogs lie（莫惹是非），A son never thinks his mother ugly, and a dog never shuns its owner's home however shabby it is（儿不嫌母丑，狗不嫌家贫），A living dog is better than a dead lion（死狮不如活狗/凡事讲求实际），An old dog barks not in vain(老狗不乱咬/老年人做事有经验)。其他的词语还有top dog（指经奋斗而居高位者；竞争中夺魁者，优胜者）， a lucky dog（幸运儿）, a dog's life（苦难的日子，潦倒）, dog collar（狗项圈）, dog days（三伏天），doghouse（失宠）

2. In the West have a long history and rich cultural heritage, the two languageshave a large number of animals as Metaphor vocabulary. Because their cultural differences, these different words meaning in cross-cultural communication, translation theory and so often in misleading or lead to communication failure. Therefore, no matter what language learning should be noted that the background color with a vocabulary of culture and gradually master their meaning, become more familiar with its cultural connotations. The only way to truly proficient in the language, to achieve barrier-free communication.

3. In everyday life, the dog is always accompanied with the people together, especially in the West. Westerners recognize

4.The dog is nursing homes in China since ancient times, if useless, people have to kill the dog meat, so the Chinese people do not like the Westerners to give it a good evaluation of the dog. On the contrary, with dogs most associated with a derogatory word to many people with contempt the dog metaphor, the meaning of contempt. For example, a man is just a few kilometers to heaven, Gouzhangrenshi, henchman, who saw the dog is low, Gouchi Shi, cornered, sticking plasters, Goutoujunshi, unworthy sequel, trickery and so on.

如何学好英语 不要死记硬背

如何学好英语

大家都知道，生活在21世纪的年轻人掌握一门外语是十分重要的，尤其是英语。如何学好英语，提高英语水平，是当前很多中学生困惑的问题。其实，学好英语并不是一件难事，关键在于要掌握好的学习方法。学习方法自然是因人而异、因时而异的。其实方法本身无所谓好与坏，关键就看它能否完美地与 个人相结合，提高学习效率，如果一套方法能够激发你的学习兴趣，提高学习效率的话，以后要做的就是坚持下去。可能我们都见过类似的情况：有的人整日埋头书案，学得很辛苦，但成绩仍不理想：有的人则懂得“有张有弛”，学得很轻松，而且名列前茅。如果你是后者，相信你已经找到了良好的学习方法与你个人的最佳结合点了，只要持之以恒即可；而前者已经具备了一定的毅力，关键就在于提高自己的学习效率了。

学好英语的另一个关键是提高英语学习的兴趣。爱因斯坦说过“兴趣是

最好的老师”。兴趣是产生学习的动力。那如何产生学习的兴趣呢？当然你必须要学会英语、懂得英语、会在生活实践中运用你所学习的英语知识。你懂得越多你的兴趣就会越浓。首先，你必须有足够的词汇量，有坚实的语法知识。

一、词汇

词汇是学好英语的关键，没有足够的词汇就无从谈起听、说、读、写。

词汇量的大小决定一个学生英语水平的高低。因此在初中阶段除要掌握《大纲》要求的800多词汇外，还要扩充500个左右的词汇。在学习词汇的过程中，要掌握词的拼读规则，根据规则记忆单词；同时还要根据构词法知识记忆和扩充单词，通过语境理解和记忆单词也是一个最佳学习单词的好方法。目前词汇在中考试题中汉译英的试题越来越少，取而代之的是词汇在语境中的运用考查比重越来越大。在进入学习英语的初级阶段时，掌握语音知识是学好英语单词的基础，读准英语音素是拼读音标的前提。因此一定要熟练掌握48个音素，要做到会拼读、拼写。有些同学认为中考试题的笔试部分取消了对语音的考查，于是就其次，要注意训练自己听音、辨音和模仿的能力。课堂上，专心听老师的发音和磁带上的录音，争取当堂学会。对于那些比较拗口的单词、短语或句子，课下一定要挤时间反复模仿，直到读准、读熟为止。再次，熟练掌握读音规则，培养自己根据读音规则把字母(或字母组合)与读音建立起联系的能力。因为掌握拼读规则对单词的记忆很有好处。为此要经常复习巩固每单元最后一课的“Listen，read and say”和课本附录中的"Pronunciation and spelling”，如果不重视这些内容。我觉得这可是很大的缺撼。如果谁能够熟练掌握它，它可就成为你记忆单词的好帮手了。

说到记忆单词，这可是同学们普遍感到头疼的事。尤其是现行的新教材词汇量扩大了不少，记忆的难度就更大了。记不住单词，学好英语就无从谈起。所以突破单词这一难关非常关键。记忆单词的方法很多。

1.按读音记忆单词。实际上在你看单词时就要顺便看一眼音标，掌握字母及字母组合的读音规律。将所有符合规则的单词归类记忆。如：①按开、闭音节记忆，掌握元音字母的读音。Bag: cat, map, sad;cake: name, plane, date; desk: next, set, step, let; these: Chinese, Japanese; hit: big, ship, this, kill; like: side, nice, kite,mine ; not: dog, hot, stop, got; nose: note, those, close, hole ; bus: nut, cup, rubber, dust; use: huge等。②按字母组合记忆，掌握元音字母组合和辅音字母组合的读音，如：

bee, meet, see, keep等等，ee字母组合读/i:/；chair,

ch字母组合读/tS / 。

2.分音节记忆。单词不论长短，如果从第一个字母背到最后一个字母，是

很难记忆的。如：information，共11个字母组成，可以把它“大卸八

块”，分音节记忆就会很容易。in-for-ma-tion

3.音、形、义结合法

背单词将它的音、形、义结合起来，记忆牢固，速度也快。读准它的

音，看好它的形，明白它的义，尤其是一词多义，记忆时要提高分辨率。

如：orange是个兼类词，作可数名词意思是“桔子”；作形容词意思是

“桔色的”；作不可数名词意思是“桔汁”。可读音只有一

个/'orindJ/，词形一样。这样有意识地去分辨记忆就容易多了。

4.联想记忆来记单词。它主要包括以下几种形式：

① 对比联想记忆：

将同义词: study／learn(学习)，big／large／great(大的)，look／

see／watch(看)，hear／listen(听)，good／fine／well／

nice(好的)， door／gate(门)，like／love／enjoy(喜欢)等。

反义词: 如：big(大) →**all(小)，dear(昂贵) →cheap(便宜)，hot

(热) →cold(冷)，slow(慢) →quick／fast(快)，thin(瘦)

→(胖)，in front of(在……前面) →behind(在……后面)，

south(南) →north(北)等。

同音词: too(也) →two(二)，for(为) →four(四)，right(正确) →

write(写)，by(乘) →buy(买)，blue(蓝色的) →blew(blow

的过去式)，sea(海洋) →see(看见)，son(儿子) →sun(太

阳), whether（是否）→weather（天气）

词形相近比较：want(想要)→wait(等待)，read(读)→ready(准备好

的)，wall(墙) →walk(走)，quite(很)→quiet(安静的)，

present(礼物)→parent(父母)等放到一起对比记忆。

同时还可以联想到一些义同形不同的词。如：由cost联想到pay，take和spend，并将这些意义相对、相同或读音相同的词的用法进行比较。

②归类联想记忆：把所学的单词按照不同的范畴分门别类, 将所学单词合理归类。

A.按词性归类。如：名词driver, name…,动词be, have, drive…,

形容词careful, happy…,副词carefully, happily…,介词in,

on at…,代词he, she, him, her…等。

B.按用途归类。如：服装类coat, shirt, skirt, sweater,

shoes…,食品类cake, rice, dumpling, noodle…,运动类

football, basketball, race, sport…,交通类traffic, bus,

car, taxi, train, plane, ship…,月份January, February,

March, April…,星期Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday,

Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday和节日等。比如学习

Christmas一词时， 就联想到Children's Day，Women's Day，

Teachers’Day，Tree—Planting Day，Mid—autumn

Festival，National Day, New Year’s Day, Spring

Festival等一系列的节日名词。

③构词联想记忆：利用同根词(词形转换)联想记忆，注意词性。英语单

词中有许多词具有一词多性的特点，如open既可作动词用，又可作

形容词用。另一些词具有同一个词根，如单词care既具备名词性质

又具备动词性质，它的同根词有careful，carefully,careless，

carelessly，对于这些词，我们应重点记忆。再如：north→

northern，noise→noisy→noisily等。利用合成词联想记忆，如

学到moonlight这个词就想到它是由moon和light这两个词合成

的;classroom是由class与room合成的。

④搭配联想记忆：以一个单词为中心搭配不同的词而构成新的短语。这种语言现象非常多，如能经常使用此法则会牢固地记住所学的短语。如：

1）含有get的短语有：get ready for 为…… 做准备，get up 起 床，get on, with 与人相处，get down下来， get dressed穿衣服，get back取回；回来，got on 上车，get off下车，get to 到达，get out of从……出来, get lost迷路。

2）含go的短语有：go swimming去游泳, goes on继续；持续, go to school去上学, go to bed上床睡觉, goes home回家, go out for a walk出去散步, go away走开, goes down降落,go back回去, go on with继续做某事

3) 含look的短语有：look at 看, 1ook after照看;照顾, look the same 看起来很像, 1ook like看起来像, 1ook for寻找, 1ook up(在词典、参考书中)查找, 1ook over (医生)检查, 1ook around (round)环顾四周

4)含make的短语有：make room for 为……. 让地方, make sentences with 用……造句, made a face or made faces 做鬼脸, be made in在…制造 , be made of由…制成, make tea沏茶, make friends with 与……交朋友, make up编出, made a mistake出差错, make sure确保，确信, make a noise吵闹

5)含take的短语有：take your time 不急；慢慢来, take, medicine 吃药；服药, take a walk 散步,take, exercise 运动, take turns 轮流；替换, take care of 照料；照顾, take, out of 带走；拿出, taking off 脱掉, take a message for 给……捎个信

6)含come的短语有：came into 进来, come down 下来, come in 进来, come over 过来,come from 来自, come back 回来, come round 前来（过来）/ comes over, come on 快，加油, come out （花）开；出来, come along 赶快，快一点

7)含turn的短语有：turn off 关上, turn, up （把收音机等）开大一些, turn on 打开（灯等）, turn down （把收音机等）开小一些, turned white 变白, turn left 向左拐。

8)含have的短语有： have to 不得不, have an idea 有了主意, have a rest 休息, have breakfast吃早饭, have a look 看一看, have a good time玩得愉快, had better 最好,have a drink of 喝一点儿

只要你多留心，有意识地注意归纳总结，记忆单词和短语不是一件难事。

此外，老师课堂上播放朗读带，不只是单纯地听，而是一边听一边迅速地将

其写下来，做到耳、心、手、眼并用。总之，对于那些新近学的单词，要不厌其

烦地靠读、写、背等各种途径反复记忆。重复到一定的次数，就会成为长时间的

记忆，也就不会遗忘了。

（5）记忆单词还要靠勤奋，抓住零散时间进行记忆。记忆单词时，除了

以上方法外还要做到“五到①脑到—背单词时肯定要想着，不能开小差。

②眼到—仔细观察单词的写法。③口到—口里要念着单词。④耳到—听着

自己的读音。⑤手到—用手在书桌上或纸上写几遍这个单词。不要偷懒，

一定要边记边壁划。把各个器官动用起来，相信自己一定能记住更多的单

词。

有的同学认为单词的识记真很麻烦。其实并不麻烦。如果你能经常有意识

地这样做，时间久了，就会养成习惯。以后每遇到一个词就会不知不觉地去联

想。

一位外语专家曾经说过这样一句话：“千个单词至少在你眼前出现二十次

才能牢记。”同学们想想看，你所学的单词总共在眼前出现过多少次?这下你

也许找到记不住单词的原因了吧?

（6）学好英语做好课前预习和课后复习也是十分重要的。

你应该在每学习一课之前，先进行预习。预习可以提前扫清听课中的障碍。

通过预习，就像“火力侦察”，可以发现自己知识上的薄弱环节。在上课前迅速

补上这部分知识，这样，在理解新知识时就会很顺利。有的学生听讲效果不好，

其中一条主要原因，就是没有搞好预习。课前预习是学生学好新课，取得高效率

的学习成果的基础。如果搞不好课前预习，上新课时就会心里没底，听课就会变

得被动、难以消化，以致对全部接受新课丧失信心。反之如果做好了课前预习，

不仅可以提前扫清听课中的障碍，培养自学的能力，而且可以提高学习新课的兴

趣，掌握学习的主动权。

首先，熟悉并能记住大部分生词。校正单词读音。在了解了生词的基本

意思和词性用法后，应及时听课文录音磁带，一般情况下，要连续听2—3

遍，并跟着大声读，目的是校正生词读音，并且模仿朗读课文的语音语调，

提高说的能力。用这种方法校正单词读音，还可增强语感。

在自学时，你会经常遇到疑难问题?你是如何处理的?

当然。每遇到这种情况，首先是自己要认真地去思考，多角度地分析、推

敲。要知道，若是自己费尽了一番周折将某个难题弄个水落石出，那心里可真是

一种说不出的痛快。如果实在搞不清，你可以向老师或同学请教，绝不轻易放过

任何一个疑难问题。

二、语法

语法是学好英语的基础，它是掌握英语的工具。在你掌握了一定的词汇量

后，了解一些语法知识是非常必要的。选择填空是考查语法的一个重要题型。

它可以通过选择的方式考查名词、动词、代词、形容词、副词、连词、介词和

数词等等。覆盖面较广。

初中阶段所学的语法知识就是那么屈指可数的几个，反复练习过多遍，为什

么到头来还是出错呢?

这种一错再错的现象在学生中是普遍存在的，即某个题目在以前曾做错过，

以后再次见到这个题，还是做不对甚至犯同样的错误。我觉得问题的关键在于没

有彻底弄懂错误的原因或没有引起足够的重视。你应该把做错的每一道题，都要

进行认真、仔细的分析和思考：错在哪里?是对该知识点不了解还是粗心大意所

致?如何改正?怎样才能避免类似错误的发生?是否还有其它的解法?经过这一番反

思之后，再把它们记录到“错题库”中去。以后再碰到类似题目就基本上可以杜

绝错误的发生。尤其是那些易受思维定势影响的题目更应当这样去处理，否则就

很容易重蹈覆辙。

时态学习是中国学生最为头疼是一项语法项目。因为中国人在语言的表达中

只有时间的变化，而没有时态的概念，但英语中语言所表述的事情处在不同的时

间，要用不同的时态，而且时态的关键表述在句子的谓语动词上。有时背起规则

来很容易，但在句子的使用中却常常出现错误。

要准确地掌握初中阶段的五个基本时态，重要的还是要在句子中多运用。

1.掌握连系动词be，feel，look，get，turn等与表语连用的一般用法。

2.掌握延续性动词与瞬间动词在用法上的区别。

这类动词主要体现在过去时和完成时态中。

一、在现在完成时中延续性动词可与表示一段时间的介词短语for或since连用，而终止性动词的现在完成时则不能与一段时间连用。如：

I have bought this dictionary for three years．

这本字典我已买三年了。(误)

上句中的bought(buy的过去分词)是终止性动词，它不能与表示时间段

的短语连用，若要连用，就必须改变结构，可变为：I have had this

dictionary for three years．因此在学习中要注意归纳终止性动词变为

延续性动词。常见的终止性动词与延续性动词的转换有come→be here，

begin／start→be on，borrow→keep， buy→have，die→be dead，

end／finish→be over，get up→be up，go(get)out→be out， fall

asleep→be asleep, leave→be away from, join→be in／be a

member of，put on→wear，catch a cold→have a cold等。

3.掌?罩��蔰o，will，shall，have，be在句中的作用。归纳时态，记住其结构。

4.掌握行为动词speak, write, read…在句子中时态变化的形式。

《大纲》中要求掌握的五个基本时态。理解各种时态的概念，掌握在句中的

结构和提示时态的时间状语。同时还要理解其他的三种时态“过去进行时、过去

将来时、过去完成时”。

下面将五个基本时态列表如下：

时态

时间

结构

一般

现在时

often, usually, always, sometimes, every day (week…),

on Sunday

He/She/It+动词s

I/We/You/They+动词原形

一般

过去时

yesterday, … ago, last week,

in 2001

主语+动词的过去式

现在

进行时

now

主语+be+ 现在分词

现在

将来时

tomorrow, next week

主语+will/be going to+动词原形

现在

完成时

already, yet, ever, never, for+一段时间， since+时间起点

He/She/It has+过去分词

I/We/ You/They have +过去分词

动词在语言交流中是十分重要的，语法只是学好英语的工具，利用这个工具可以提高自己的自学能力。在理解时态的过程中要注意上下句或前后语境的提示。要注意动词的基本变化。

①例1：（2003 北京市）

②---What are Mr and Mrs Black doing?

③---They _______ tea in the garden.

④A. are drinking B. drank C. have drunk D. drink

⑤【解析】

⑥此题考查现在进行时。

⑦从上句语境分析得知动作就发生在此时此刻，找准动词部分的结构，排

除干扰，得出正确答案。该句的问句在问“布莱克夫妇正在干什

么?”，回答应是“现在正在……”，现在进行时的结构是“be(am，is，

are)+现在分词”。

⑧例2（2003 重庆市）

⑨---I don’t know if his uncle___________.

⑩---I think he _________if it doesn’t rain.

A．comes；comes B．will come；will come

C．comes; comes D．comes; will come

【解析】

本题考查了两种时态在语境中的应用。先分清if引导的是个什么从

句，再根据语境确定各自的时态。第1空if在及物动词之后引导宾语从

句，意思是“是否”，该句的主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的动作还没有

发生，用将来时；第二个空if引导是条件状语从句，条件从句用一般现在

时,主句的谓语动词用将来时。

三、交际

《大纲》指出“使学生掌握一定的语言基本知识和基本

技能，建立初步的语感，获得初步运用英语的能力，为真实交际

打下基础”。学习语言的关键在于运用。同学们是否注重自己英

语，口语的练习呢?我们没有说外语的环境，但要尽量创造。每天

早上起床后，应该是先读上至少5分钟英语。大声朗读不仅可以练

习发音，形成良好的语感，而且对听力的提高也有着不可低估的

作用。另外，我们还要利用一切可能的机会用英语和同学、老师

或者其它懂英语的人打招呼或谈论事情。碰到生词，就汉英夹杂

着说。一开始，可能不太习惯，但没有关系，只要坚持就会有结

果。前苏联语言学家巴乌利•阿里斯德教授能流利地讲十五种外

语。他说：“我只要学会了100个单词，就立即用这种语言讲话。

一个怕出错的人永远也讲不了地道的外语。”看来，要想练好口

语，真要有“厚着脸皮，磨破嘴皮”的精神才行。

四、阅读

1.你是如何培养阅读能力的呢?

阅读理解难度较高，必须在有了充足的词汇的基础上才能进行阅读训练。它

是检查你英语学习水平的高低的重要标志。你是否在阅读上花了不少的力气呢？

要想提高阅读水平，除了学习课本外，必须在课外有意识地扩大阅读量，提高阅

读速度，掌握阅读技巧。养成课余阅读英文读物的习惯。刚开始时，由于词汇量

的限制，你可以阅读一些较浅显的文章，尽量读那些没有生词的简易读物。随着

词汇量的扩大，你的胃口也会越来越大。要多读原汁原味的文章，这样不仅开阔

了眼界，还学到了不少知识。一段时间下来，你的词汇量会丰富不少，理解能力

也有长足的进步。开始要有意地读一些诸如科普、历史、地理、环保、医学保健

方面的小品文。

有的同学还会经常碰到这样的问题：是文章本身对我来讲没有生词，但做阅

读理解题时经常会出现偏差。当然这种情况更多地是设计到阅读理解的考试。说

明你在阅读过程中遇到了理解上的障碍，因此在阅读理解中掌握一些答题技巧也

是十分重要的。

例如：

阅读理解（一）

about the weather, but nobody does anything about it."

people begin their talks by saying, "Isn't it a nice day?

""Do you think it will rain?" "I think it's going to

snow."

Many people think they can tell what the weather is

going to be like. But sometimes they don' t agree with

each other. One man may say, "Do you see how cloudy it is

in the east? It' s going to rain tomorrow. "Another man

will say, "Yes, it' s going to be fine tomorrow."

People often look for the weather they want. When a

farmer needs water,he looks for something to tell him it' s going to rain, and he doesn' t look for anything else. When

friends have a picnic, they hope the weather is going to

be fine and they can sit eating their lunch under the blue

sky.

Almost everyone listens to what the weatherman says. But

he doesn ' t always tell us what we want, and sometimes he

makes a mistake. Still, he is right most of the time.

1.What's the best title for the passage?

A. How to Begin a Talk . B. Story about a Weatherman

C. Weather Report D. About Weather

1.通读全文，了解短文整体框架、大意及作者意向，并抓住主要信息及各段的中

心内容. (如各段有无共同的谈论对象或各段是否有共同的作用等.)认真体会

作者围绕着什么中心写.

2.忠实于原文, 切忌从主观出发,漫无边际地联想.

3.整体把握全文,切忌只凭文中的只言片语断章取义.

4.忌草率行事.选项中常有一个似是而非的答案。这样答案干扰性特别强，容易

迷惑考生。如果在发现一个看似正确答案时就草率定案，往往会掉进设计者设

置的?跋葳濉崩铩?

阅读理解（二）

Computers are very important to modern life. Many people

think that in the future computers will be used in lots of

everyday life. It is thought that we won' t have to go

shopping because we will be able to get most things which

are sold in shops on the Internet. There will be no more

books because we will be able to get all texts(内容) from

computers. The Internet will be used to play games, see

films and buy food. Most telephone calls will be made by

computers,too. Some people are glad about these new ways of

shopping and communicating(交际). Others do not think that

computers will replace(代替) our old ways of life.

Let's look at books, for example. Some people think

that one day we will not read books made of paper. Instead,

we will buy and read books using computers. We will read

texts on **all pocket computers. The computers will keep

many different books in them at the same time. We won't

need to turn lots of pages and paper will be saved.

Computerized books will be used more and more.

Is the Internet shopping such a pleasure as going to the

shop? Many people say it is not. It is a pleasure to go

Into shops and look at things you want to buy. It is also

unlikely (不大可能) that many people will want to read large

texts on our computers. Because paper books will perhaps be

more friendly. Maybe computers won't change these two

habits.

1 .The title for this passage is"______".

A. Computers will Replace Shops and Books

B. Computers are the Future

C. Computers will Do Everything for Man

D. How Computers Change Our Habits

A. 与原文意思不符,见第一段最后一行.

B. 全文都谈了人们的猜测:未来,电脑将被应用在日常生活的很多领域中, 有人

认为它能改变人们旧有的生活习惯而有人却认为不能.

C.过于绝对,文中没有可靠证据支持.

D.“电脑怎样改变我们的习惯”.

1.“how” 意为“怎样,用何方法”文中并未提到电脑怎样改变我们的习惯.第

1,2段提到的未来用电脑阅读,打**或购物等只是它在未来将被应用的领域

而不是方法.

2.文中提出有些习惯未必会被改变,见第一段最后一句“Others do not think

that computers will replace our old ways of life.”和第三段最后一

句“Maybe computers won’t change these two habits”.

阅读理解（三）

阅读理解既理解文章的字面意思，也要理解文章的深层含义，包括作者的态

度、意图等。做阅读理解题时，对不同的题型通常需用不同的方法。解答推理题

时需要注意这样两点：

第一：要依据事物的本质，而不是现象进行推断。

第二：要依据作者的思路和文章本身提供的事实，而不是读者自身经验和见解进

行推断。

respecting respectful respectable respective的差别

respecting 不是形容词，只是respect动词的现在进行时；

respectful 是形容词，形容一个人有礼貌，对别人很恭敬；

respectable 是形容词，形容某人值得尊敬；

respective 是形容词，但意思与“尊敬”无关，是 分别的 的意思；例句：The GDP increases in City A and City B are 8% and 13% respectively (我用了个副词做例句). - 城市A和城市B的GDP增长分别是8%和13%。

用英语说昆明 要详细

偶帮楼主找了些很全面的网站，由于超过字限，所以不能全部粘贴，楼主去看看吧

Kunming, capital of Yunnan Province, with a history of more than 2400 years, owes its importance to the fact that it was the gateway to the celebrated Silk Road that facilitated trade with Tibet, Sichuan, Myanmar and India. Today the city is the political, economical and cultural center of Yunnan and the provincial center for transport, science and technology and consequently has become the most popular center for touri** in Southwest China.

Kunming enjoys a pleasant climate and does its best to live up to its title of 'the City of Eternal Spring'. Whenever you are planning to go, the temperature is always pleasant. With its convenient transport links in and out of the city, Kunming welcomes and sees off tens of thousands of tourists every day.

For first-time tourists Kunming city center is an attraction with its two squares and five interlaced roads - Jinma Biji Square, Dongfeng Square, Dongfeng Lu, Jinbi Lu, Zhengyi Lu, Renmin Lu and Qingnian Lu, among which Jinbi Square has the most eye-catching architecture. Qingnian Lu, Zhengyi Lu, and Renmin Lu are the main commercial areas in Kunming; the most popular pedestrian streets are Nanping Jie, Jingxing Huaniao Shichang, and Jinma Biji Fang

Kunming is the focal point of Yunnan minority culture. Some 26 ethnic minorities such as Yi, Bai, Miao, Dai, Hani and more inhabit the region. Each group has its own featured festivals such as the Torch festival of Yi people, the Golden Temple Fair and so on. The hugely successful 1999 International Horticultural Exposition enhanced Kunming's influence in the world resulting in a snowball effect upon touri** as more and more foreigners come to discover this enchanting part of China.

Its alluring highland scenery, bewitching karst landform, varied and exotic habitats and customs and places of historical interest can be found at major scenic spots such as Dianchi Lake, Stone Forest , the Village of Ethnic Culture, Grand View Pavilion, etc.

Kunming has more than one hundred star rated hotels and a variety of a thousand or so guest houses. These provide tourists a wide choice of somewhere to relax after whole day's tour.

Kunming is also renowned for many delicious local dishes; the most famous ones are Across Bridge Rice Noodle and Xuanwei Ham. You can enjoy them both at local famous restaurants or the night market. In the night markets you will find many pubs, bars and cafes that serve good quality meals.

Lastly, do not forget to buy some locally produced souvenirs for your friends or family when you visit Kunming, such as ivory or wood carvings, minority tie dyings. You will find a variety of stores to meet your specified requirements.

Touri**

Kunming serves not only as the provincial center of Yunnan but also as the destination for its snowballing touri** with so many places of interest spread all around the city.

Like Guilin, the capital of Guangxi Province, Kunming is also well known for its beautiful and peculiar, breathtaking and unique natural landscape. Among these dramatic sites, Yunnan Stone Forest , which is about 120 kilometers (75 miles) from Kunming city and requires only a three-hour drive, is known best by the tourists. These magnificent stone masterpieces, various strange and steep intricate formations, and countless labyrinthine vistas make Stone Forest (Shi Lin in Chinese) worthy of the fame as the 'First Wonder of the World'. And there goes a local saying: 'It is a waste of time without being in the Stone Forest while visiting Kunming'.

Dianchi Lake, the largest lake of Kunming, enchants people with its cyan water and peaceful environment. It is a favorite with those who want to escape from the hustle and bustle of the city life.

A visit to the Golden Temple is strongly recommended. It is the largest copper temple in China. Here you can see something of the origins of Taoi** as the temple is located on Fengming Hill, the home of the Taoist Taihe Palace (Hall of Supreme Harmony).

The famous Buddhist Qiongzhu Temple (Bamboo Temple) with its most outstanding artistic features and surrounding bamboo forest should be included in your itinerary.

The famous '99 International Horticultural Exposition enhanced Kunming's reputation world-wide. In the Expo Garden, you can appreciate the perfect harmony of man and nature.

The spectacular view across Dianchi Lake from the vantage point of West Hills is another enjoyable experience for visitors to Kunming.

In addition to these sites, there are other attractions such as Daguan Park , Black Dragon Pool , and Yuantong Temple . These are all well worth a visit if you have the time available

The Dianchi Lake Scenic Area is located in the southwest part of Kunming City. Dianchi Lake is, beyond question, the center of the resort. There are numerous attractions along the lake captivating tourists. Among these are the Yunnan Ethnic Villages, Daguan Park, Baiyukou Park, Haigeng Bank, Kwan-yin Hill, Xishan Forest Park, temples and pagodas. Towns, big or **all near the lake provide visitors with an opportunity to experience customs of the local people.

Dianchi Lake

Dianchi Lake is about 300 square kilometers (74,132 acres). It is the largest freshwater lake in Yunnan Province and the sixth largest one in China. With picturesque scenery and its location on the Yungui Plateau, the lake has a reputation as 'A Pearl on the Plateau'. Unfortunately, the lake has been badly polluted. Although efforts have been made to save the lake, they have been largely unsuccessful.

The lake is crescent-shaped, about 39 kilometers (24 miles) in length and 13 kilometers (8 miles) in width at its widest. Its natural banks are formed by mountains on all four sides. More than twenty rivers nurture the lake which has a shoreline of 163.2 kilometers (101 miles). Four surrounding hills contribute to the picturesque landscape, making visitors intoxicated and linger around. You may appreciate the beauty of the lake and hills from a boat, and explore this cradle of Yunnan culture.

Yunnan Ethnic Villages

The village acts as a good shortcut to understand the social customs of the ethnic groups in Yunnan. It has a natural sun-bathing area where you can escape from the heat of summer. Twenty-five ethnic nationalities have their respective villages and conduct many activities to present their unique folkways and beautiful clothes. Also you can enjoy the water screen movie and an elephant performance, have a taste of the local dishes and buy pretty handicrafts.

Daguan Park

Daguan Park is vibrant with rock gardens, pavilions, bridges and murmuring water. It is famous for the longest couplets in China on the Daguan Pavilion. The Daguan Pavilion was built in the year 1828. It commands a lovely view. The couplet written in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), contains 180 characters brimming with literary grace. During festival evenings, gatherings take place here.

Baiyukou Park

Baiyukou Park is on the west bank of Dianchi Lake. Here a **all hill looks like a white fish opening its mouth to Dianchi Lake. Near the Irregular shore line, beautiful gardens are hidden among green trees. In spring, the cherry trees are in blossom, adding luster to this serene place. Overlooking Dianchi Lake, you can see white sails of boats on the glistening lake and gulls skimming over the waves.

Haigeng Bank

Haigeng Bank is about four kilometers (2.5 miles) long while ranging in width from forty meters (131 feet) to three hundred meters (984 feet). The bank, like a floating jade belt, is in fact a watershed of the Dianchi Lake. Slender willow twigs sweep the lake in the gentle breeze. In the south is a wonderful natural swimming pool which is always crammed with people in midsummer.

Kwan-yin Hill

Kwan-yin Hill is bordered by the vast lake and has an altitude of 2,040 meters (6,693 feet). Lofty peaks on this hill seem to thrust themselves straight towards the sky. A Kwan-yin Temple built here in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) was once a popular resort of Buddhi**. Remaining are a seven-tier brick pagoda, houses, and a gate to the Kwan-yin Temple.

Daguan, which means 'the grand view', is the most befitting name for the park and the pavilion which are on the terminus of Daguan Road in the southwest of Kunming city, Daguan Park and Daguan Pavilion.

Daguan Park locates on the shore of Dianchi Lake and faces the Western Hills which are on the other side of Dianchi Lake. In 1682, a monk named Qianyin built a **all temple here to give Buddhist lessons; eight years later, in 1690, the satrap of Yunnan Province Wang Jiwen was attracted by the beautiful natural views here and began to construct a whole park including many halls, pavilions, bonsais, rockeries, trees and porches. Daguan Park became an attraction from then on and the most famous spot among them is the Daguan Pavilion.

Like many other Chinese ancient buildings, Daguan Pavilion also had been in disarray, destroyed and restored several times because of the dynastic changes and the civil wars. The present-day square, three-storied pavilion was established in 1883. At the entrance there is the longest antithetical couplet which was written by a famous Qing Dynasty scholar named Sun Ranweng (also called Sun Ran); this couplet of 180 characters is one of the most valued cultural treasures in Yunnan Province. The first part of the couplet describes the beautiful and magnificent natural views before your sight, tell people to enjoy and treasure. The second part reviews the 2000 years' history of Yunnan,awakens to that no matter how successful or frustrated you are, all will be in nothingness in the end.

Other sceneries like Santan Yingyue, Louwailou and Lu Garden, also beautiful places, deserve a visit. Santan Yingyue is a pool with three stone towers which divides the pool into three parts. Therefore when there is a moon in the sky there are three moons in the water; Louwailou is a stone pavilion built like a ship. Standing on it you can see Santan Yingyue on the right and the ocean of grass on the left, Dianchi Lake in front and levee behind; in the south of Daguan Park is the Lu Garden which was a private villa in 1937, with water lilies, roses, weeping willows and oleanders everywhere. Lu Garden looks like a little peaceful fairyland which is hiding in the corner of Daguan Park.

运用构词法记忆单词.请你举出类似的词汇1合成 如class+room=classroom 2派生 如dis+like= dislike 3转化

（一）、常见前缀

1． 表示否定意义的前缀

un: unbelievable uncomfortable unconscious unfair uneasy

unlike unknown unusual unexpected unemployment

unfortunately

in: indirect inevitable incorrect incomplete independent

im: impossible impatient impractical impolite

il: illegal

ir: irrespective irregular irresponsible

mis: mistake misunderstand mislead misfortune misconduct

dis: disadvantage discourage disabled disagree disapprove

discount discover disappear disorder

non: nonsense non-**oking

ab: abuse

anti: anti-Japanese anti-**oking

2． 表示时间、序列的前缀

pre (前，预先): preview preschool prehistory previous

post (后): postwar postgraduate

pro (向前): proceed progress prolong

re (回，再): review recycle react reproduce

recover reform refresh renew restore

3． 表示方向、位置的前缀

inter (在…之间): international interact interview internet

in/im (向内): internal indoor inside interior

import immigrate

ex (向外): export exterior external exceed

under (在下面): underestimate underground underline undergraduate

trans (横过、): transport transplant transform tran**it

out (外): outdoor outwards outside

mid (在中间): midnight midday mid-term

4． 表示数量、大小的前缀

uni (一，统一): unique unite unity universal uniform

min (少，减): minor minus minimum

multi (多): multiply multinational multiple

5． 动词性前缀

en: enable enjoy enforce encourage

（二）、常见后缀

1． 常见名词后缀：

ness: weakness illness fitness happiness

ment: treatment statement argument arrangement equipment

management development employment improvement achievement

punishment measurement replacement

ion: invention selection suggestion election education

prevention reflection radiation rejection reaction

instruction distinction devotion innovation attraction

expression impression

tion: intention attention

sion: expansion explosion decision extension collision

ation: invitation realization imagination modernization obligation

foundation determination reservation industrialization application

ship: friendship scholarship ownership relationship hardship

leadership (人):

ity: popularity quality maturity personality publicity

security diversity

dom: freedom wisdom

age: storage package postage marriage shortage

al: refusal removal arrival proposal survival approval

i**: touri** organi** critici**

y: discovery recovery injury difficulty delivery

ure: failure pressure exposure departure

ence: difference patience independence absence evidence confidence

ance: distance significance resistance importance ignorance

ist (人): tourist scientist specialist

ant (人): servant immigrant applicant assistant accountant

consultant defendant inhabitant

ian (人): technician musician electrician

or (人): survivor operator inventor governor conductor compe*****

er (人): manufacturer consumer customer owner prisoner employer

2． 常见形容词后缀：

ful (充满…的): faithful fearful hopeful fruitful helpful respectful

graceful painful cheerful thoughtful powerful

y (…的): wealthy thirsty worthy hasty lucky noisy faulty

less (无…的): hopeless useless worthless restless helpless meaningless

al (…的): national original practical natural musical occasional

medical formal personal professional experimental

able (能…的、可…的): suitable valuable respectable remarkable

favorable reliable profitable fashionable miserable

noticeable portable reasonable honorable preferable

desirable acceptable comparable comfortable

ly (…的): timely friendly deadly costly

ic (…的): symbolic heroic classic historic organic

ial (…的) : industrial racial commercial beneficial financial influential

ive (…的): respective effective impressive expensive progressive attractive

protective comparative

ious (…的): suspicious mysterious

ous (…的): poisonous humorous dangerous

ish (似…的): childish foolish bookish

ent: different patient independent absent evident confident

ant: distant significant resistant important ignorant

（三）、合成词

gentleman hometown homework housework mankind

Second-hand earthquake playground mainland widespread

spacecraft Postcard Postman taxpayer wildlife

mailbox supermarket Headline deadline timetable

football Pastime hardware spaceship stockholder

英语.求好心人帮忙.谢谢

objective 目标active活跃的 interactive可靠的creative有创造力的 negative消极的relative .亲属exclusive .独有的comparative.比较的native 土生土长的alternative抉择attractive .吸引的respective 各自的 effective有效的collective 集体的

capaable 有能力的,能干的

unable (incapable) 无能的,不会的

chantable 可歌的,易唱的

chasable 可寻的,可捕猎的

(un)changeable (不)可变的

doable 可做的,可行的

liable 有责任的,有义务的

losable 易失的

lovable 可爱的

worthless 无价值的, 无益的

jobless 失业的，无业的

fearless 大胆的, 勇敢的

homeless 无家的, 无家可归的

restless 不平静的, 不安宁的

tireless 不知疲倦的，持久的

ruthless 无情的, 残忍的

blameless 无可指责的

recount

reference

repeat

revise

revision

review

reset

refuse

reduct

renew

reach

reaction

resume

real

reality

reason

reboot

receive

① 表示"不，消失"

dislike不喜欢（dis+like喜爱→不喜爱）

disorder无秩序（dis+order顺序→没有顺序）

dishonest不诚实的（dis+honest诚实的）

disappear消失（dis+appear出现→不出现→消失）

disproof反证，反驳（dis+proof证实→不证实→反证）

discourage使失去勇气（dis+courage勇气）

disarm解除武装（dis+arm武装→去掉武装）

dispel驱除，消除（dis+pel推→推开→驱除）

dispassionate平心静气的（dis+passionate有**的）

discover发现（dis+cover盖→把盖揭开→发现）

di**ay沮丧（dis+may能够→不能做事→沮丧）

② 表示"分开，分离"

disseminate散布，传播（dis+semin种子＋ate→散布〔种子〕）

dispense分配（dis+pense花费→分开花费→分配〔财富等〕）

distract分心（dis+tract拉→把〔心〕拉开→分心）

distend膨胀（dis+tend拉→分开拉→膨胀）

discriminate辨别；歧视（dis+crimin分辨→ate→分辩开）

di**iss解散；开除（dis+miss送→送出→解散）

di**urse支付，支出（dis+burse钱包→从钱包中分出→支出）

discard丢弃，抛弃（dis+card扔→扔出去）

discuss讨论（dis+cuss敲打→把〔问题〕分开敲→讨论

Unfinished=未完成的 finished=完成的 unable=不能的 able=能够的

unabsorbed=不能吸收的absorbed=吸收的undoubted=无疑的 doubted=疑惑的

unemployment=失业employment=就业unaffected =不受影响的affected=不受影响的

unafraid=不怕的 afraid=害怕的

unfaithful= 不忠 faithful=忠实的 unabashed= 不害羞的abashed=害羞的

unabated=不减弱的abated=减弱的

undoubted=无疑的 doubted=疑惑的

unacceptable= 不能接受的acceptable可以接受的

unlike=不喜欢 like=喜欢的

unhappy =不开心 happy=开心的 unaccustomed = 不习惯的accustomed=习惯的

unrest=不安全 unrest=安全的

untidy=不干净tidy=干净的

unwell=不舒服 well=舒适的

unpleasant =不愉快 pleasant=愉快的

uncomfortable=不舒服 comfortable=舒服的

unfair=没有能力的 fair=有能力 uneasy=不容易的 easy=容易的

unbalanced=不稳定的 balanced=稳定的