previous词根「previous词根解释」
什么是英语词根
词根(root)是基本构词的基本词素,与词缀相对并携带主要词汇信息。
英语单词构成有其规律,很好的掌握了构词规律,才可以很好、很快的、准确的记忆单词。英语单词构词法的核心部分,在于词根,词的意义主要是由组成单词的词根体现出来的。
词根可以单独构成词,也可以彼此组合成词,通过前缀后缀来改变单词的词性和意义。(词根和词缀叫构词语素)也就是说,单词一般由三部分组成:词根、前缀和后缀。词根决定单词意思,前缀改变单词词义,后缀决定单词词性。

扩展资料:
一个英语单词可以分为三个部分:前缀(prefix),词根(stem)及后缀(suffix)。单词中位于词根前面的部分就是前缀。前缀,可以改变单词的意思。
常见的前缀有如下几类:
第一类:表示正负(或增减)的,如:un-in-im-il-ir-non-mis-mal-dis-anti-de-under-re-over-等;
第二类表示尺寸的,如:semi-equi-mini-micro-macro-mega-等;
第三类表示位置关系,如:inter-super-trans-ex-extra-sub-infra-peri-等;
第四类表示时间和次序,如:ante-pre-prime-post-retro-等;
第五类表示数字,如:semi-mono-bi-tri-quad-penta-hex-sept(em)-oct-dec-multi-等;
其它类别,如:pro-auto-co-con-等。
参考资料:百度百科 词根
英语常用的词根和词缀
常用词根词缀
1.否定前缀
un- uncomfortable, unacceptable, unavoidable
in- incomplete, incapable, indispensable, inevitable
im- imperfect, impartial, immortal
dis- disable, disadvantage
mis- misplace, mislead, misfortune
ab- abnormal
de- deactivate, degrade
il- illegal, illiterate
ir- irregular, irrelative
mal- malfunction, malnutrition
2. trans — across(横过)through(通过)beyond(那边)from one place to another
transient 短暂的
transplant 移植(器官)
transaction 交易
transition 过渡,转变
transition from A to B transition period
tran**it 传输,传送(无线电,电视)
tran**ission (n)
a live tran**ission 现场直播
cultural tran**ission 文化的继承
transform 完全改变…的外观/特性
transformation(常做陪衬)
transfer 传递,迁移
translate 翻译
transport 运输
3. com-, con- 1、加强语气 2、共同,一起
combine, compete, compromise
confirm, conspicuous, concession
4. -tain 1、支撑 2、保持,维持,保留
sustain, retain, maintain
5. re- 再,又,回,反
renew, reshape, refresh
6. uni- / mono- one (一个),sole(单一的)
uniform, unique, unity
monotonous (单调的),monopoly (垄断)
7. ex- 向外,超出
expand extend exceed excessive exclusive(ly) excursion
8. pre-/pro- 前,在前
predominant precede, previous, premise, prevalent
proceed, prominent, propel
9. magn- 大(large)
magnify(microscope), magnificent, magnitude
10. viv- /vit- live, life 生命,生活
vivid, survive, revive
vital, vitamin
11. inter- 在……之间 相互
intervene, interfere
12. man- hand (手工)
manufacture , manipulate,manuscript
13. sci- knowledge
science, scientific, consciousness
14. sub- / sus- 下,次,附属
subsidiary subordinate(to)
sustain
15. laps 滑,落
(时间)elapse, collapse
16. spec- / spic- look
spectator, speculate, spectacular, perspective
conspicuous
17.clud(s)-, clos- 关闭shut
conclude, include ,exclusive close
18. not note
notify notion(=idea) notorious
19. homo- same
homogeneously
20. simul- together
Simultaneously
21. multi — 多,多倍
multiply, multitude
22. contra, contro 相反
contradiction contrary
controversy
23. dict- say, tell, speak
dictate, dictator , dictionary, verdict, predict
24. per- through
permeate, perplex, permanent, perpetual, persistent
25. ver- truth
verify verdict
26. -logy study(学习) science
biology psychology
27. -vert / -vers turn
divert advertise
diversify versatile reverse
28. -ics 作抽象名词的后缀,表学科
economics politics physics
29. -ist 表示“人”
pianist geologist typist
30. bio- life
31. -ician 从事……专业的人
music → musician
32. -i** ……主义……论(抽象名词)
reali** Marxi**
33. -cid kill
******* insecticide
34. mort- death
mortal mortality immortal
35. -scrib / -scrip write draw
describe inscribe prescribe subscribe ascribe
description inscription prescription subscription ascription
36. di-/du-/ambi- /bi- two, double
dilemma / duplicate / ambiguous/ bilateral
37. tri- three
triangle
38. bene- good, well, happily
benefit beneficiary
39. volu/ volv roll(滚动)turn(转动)
evolution revolution
involve revolve evolve
40. fer carry(带) produce(生产)
transfer refer fertile
41. phil- love
philosophy
42. deca- ten
decade
43. cred believe
credible incredible credit
44. cent one hundred
century
45. mill / kilo 一千,千分之一
millennium million kilometer kilogram
46. dom master, control
domain
dominate, dominant, predominant
47. val 有权力,影响
valid, invalid, valuable, evaluate, prevalent(popular)
48. graph / gram write
biography, geography / grammar, telegram
49. equi — 同等,相等
equivalent equilibrium
50. bat beat打
debate combat battle batter battery
51. seg, sect cut
segment, segregate / section intersection
52. plex 折叠
perplex complex
53. en- / -ify make
enlarge entitle enrich enable
simplify magnify signify
54. sym- / syn- 共同same, 类似similar
sympathy symptom symmetry / syndrome
55 path feeling
pathetic sympathy sympathetic
56. ceed / cess / cede / cest / cur run
proceed
recession, access, excess, successor
precede, recede
ancestor
current currency excursion occur
57. serv 保存,保护(protect)
conserve preserve
58. –able , -ible 可……
respectable, imaginable
comprehensible
59. hypo- 下,在…之下
hypothesis hypotension
60. –pel 推
propel, expel, repel, dispel, impel, compel
61. scend climb
ascend descend
62. spir
aspire, inspire, expire, respire, conspire
63. sent, sens feeling
sentimental
sense, consensus
64. grav 重
grave, gravity, aggravate (grieve)
65.lev 轻,上升
alleviate, elevate (relieve)
66.rupt break
bankrupt, interrupt, corrupt
precipitate词根词缀分析
英文中的pre是词根前缀,通常表示“…前的,预先”。比如:previous a. 在...之前,先,前,以前的
predict v. 预知,预言,预报
preface n. 序文,绪言,前言
但并不是所有的pre都具有这个含义,如:prey 就是“猎物,被捕食的动物”等意思,所以还是要具体分析的。



