guard中文翻译

One cannot guard against every peril .

一个人不能够预防每一种危险。

The prisoner broke away from his guards .

囚犯从看守者手中逃脱了。

Will you be so good as to stand guard ?

请你站在这儿给我望望风好不好？

He guarded prey to the counting-house .

他押著他的俘虏到帐房间去。

He bribed his way past the guard and escaped .

他买通看守而逃之夭夭了。

He escaped by passing himself off as a guard .

他冒充警卫逃走了。

Armed guards escorted the criminals to prison .

武装警卫把罪犯押到监狱。

The man below there are always on guard .

下面的人又总是片刻不离地守著。

His anger at the guard went quickly .

他对于那个警卫的愤怒很快地消失了。

He tried to escape by bribing the guard .

他企图贿赂警卫而逃走。

The guard pitched backward without a sound .

警卫一声不吭，仰面朝天倒在地上。

Every effort should be made to guard against them .

必须尽一切努力防止其发生。

There was no way of guarding against that .

对此无法预防。

Pla men and fishermen join hands to guard the coast .

***和渔民携手守海防。

The guard was feinted out of position .

守卫被骗离了岗位。

Cadres should guard against sectarian tendencies .

干部应该防止宗派主义的倾向。

I'll double the guards on it from now on, i guess .

我想以后还要把卫兵增加一倍。

They were enrolled in the royal guard as gunners .

他们被招募到宫廷卫队当枪炮手。

He passed the guards unnoticed .

他经过岗哨没有被发觉。

The art troupe is always on the move in frontier guards .

文工团常年在边防部队流动。

The lunatic was carefully guarded .

对疯子严加看守。

It is sometimes a disadvantage to be so very guarded .

这样提心吊胆，有时候反而不妙。

And right off i was on guard against mencken's books .

我马上就对门肯的书警觉起来了。

They are psted on the closely guarded microfilm .

它们列于一卷严格保管的缩微胶卷上。

The guard hairs on either edge alternate with each other .

两侧的针 *** 互交错在一起。

The same sentiment guarded him from betraying himself .

同样的情感也阻碍著他说心里话。

Mark is constantly on his guard .

马克始终很警惕。

The criminal has been sent to the county seat under guard .

这个罪犯已经解到县里去了。

I 'll mount guard over the luggage while you get the ticket .

你去买票，我来看管行李。

Be on your guard against pickpockets .

提防扒手。

Cahill, the guard assigned to that shift, was friendly .

被派换班的警卫卡西尔很够朋友。

We escaped at dead of night , when the guards were asleep .

我们在夜静卫兵熟睡时逃跑了。

The popce guarded against the witness's letting out the secret .

警察预防证人泄露秘密。

Ensure the guard is in place before operating the machine .

将防护罩确实放好后再开机器。

The guard noticed he was still carrying the briefcase .

门卫注意到他仍然带著那个公文包。

Such guards also protect against fraying by roe deer .

这种保护措施还可防止獐鹿摩擦损伤。

Two hefty guards came in .

两个彪形狱警走进来。

If one man guards the pass , ten thousand are unable to get through .

一夫当关，万夫莫开。

He rides in pfe guards .

他在近卫骑兵队服务。

The guard let the prisoners out of jail to work in the garden .

警卫放犯人出来到花园工作。

have+to+be+guarded+against是什么意思

have to be guarded against

不得不防着

They have to be guarded against wolf

他们不得不防着狼

be guarded against到底是不是被动？

你好！

是被动语态结构。

如：The palace is garded against the enemy .

关于英汉对照 翻译

HOW TO GROW OLD

如何平静老去？

By Bertrand Russell

波特兰·罗素

Translated by sog@2005-4-5 13:48

古典的英国英语很难翻译，特别是罗素的文章。早几年读傅雷翻译的罗素文章，看着文章很平淡，但是不经意间说出来的话，需要你回味很长时间。这篇演讲稿更加堪称经典，忙里偷闲，拿这篇文章练一下手，欠妥处请多指点。sog@2005-4-5 13:47

1. In spite of the title, this article will really be on how not to grow old, which, at my time of life, is a much more important subject. My first advice would be to choose your ancestors carefully. Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty. Of remoter ancestors I can only discover one who did not live to a great age, and he died of a disease which is now rare, namely, having his head cut off。

不管标题是怎么写的，这篇文章实际上告诉你的是如何减缓衰老，这样一个主题在我现在的生命阶段是很重要的。我的第一个建议是认真仔细的去考察一下自己的宗谱。虽然我的父母去世的比较早，但是我的别的祖先都活的比较长寿。我敬爱的祖父，在67岁结束了自己像花期一样富有朝气的生命，我的其余几位祖辈的年龄都超过了80。在别的远祖当中，只有一位活的不是很长久，他死于一种被砍头的现在已经灭绝的疾病（不知道怎么很好的翻译这一句幽默）。

2. A great grandmother of mine, who was a friend of Gibbon, lived to the age of ninety-two, and to her last day remained a terror to all her descendants. My maternal grandmother, after having nine children who survived, one who died in infancy, and many miscarriages, as soon as she became a widow, devoted herself to woman’s higher education. She was one of the founders of Girton College, and worked hard at opening the medical profession to women. She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who was looking very sad. She inquired the cause of his melancholy and he said that he had just parted from his two grandchildren. “Good gracious”, she exclaimed, “I have seventy-two grandchildren, and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them, I should have a di**al existence!” “Madres naturale,” he replied. But speaking as one of the seventy-two, I prefer her recipe. After the age of eighty she found she had some difficulty in getting to sleep, so she habitually spent the hours from midnight to 3 a.m. in reading popular science. I do not believe that she ever had time to notice that she was growing old. This, I think, is proper recipe for remaining young. If you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical fact of the number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable brevity of you future.

我的一位祖母，她是Gibbon的朋友，活了92岁，直到生命的最后一天一直都让她的子孙后代感到惊奇。我慈爱的祖母，抚养成人9个孩子，另有一个早年夭折，其中另有流产的例子。当她成为一个寡妇的时候，全身心投入到妇女高等教育当中，她是Girton学院的创始人之一，并且在妇女医疗方面做了大量的工作。她经常给我们讲述她在意大利遇到一位年老绅士的故事，当时，这位老年人看上去很忧愁悲伤。祖母去询问缘由，老人告诉他说是因为刚和两个孙子离别。祖母惊叹道：“天啊！我有72个孙子，如果我和他们每一个离别的时候都感到悲哀不开心，我肯定生活的非常凄凉。”老绅士听了便转悲为欣。我便是她说的72个孙子之一。在80岁之后，她发现自己睡眠不是很好，于是她养成了从午夜到凌晨3点钟阅读流行科学杂志的习惯。我一直不相信她会有空余时间去注意到自己已经变老了，我认为这是保持年轻的一种好方法。如果你有广泛、热烈的兴趣和日常行动并在其中有很好的效率，你没有缘由去成天想那些已经逝去的许多岁月，并很少考虑不会太长久的将来年月。

3. As regards health I have nothing useful to say since I have little experience of illness. I eat and drink whatever I like, and sleep when I cannot keep awake. I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health, though in actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome.

有关于健康方面，我没有太多有用的建议可以讲，因为我很少得病。我吃喝自己喜欢的东西，困顿了就去睡觉。我从来不按照任何所谓有益健康的（医生）建议行事，虽然我所做的任何喜欢的事情都是非常有益于健康的。

4. Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. One’s thoughts must be directed to the future and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy: one’s own past is gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one’s mind keener. If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true.

在精神生活方面老年人有两个方面的危险因素需要注意。其中之一就是老是沉浸在过去的会议中，不能在回忆当中生活，不要为逝去的好岁月感到遗憾，也不要为已经去世的朋友感到悲哀。一个人的思想必须被引导向未来和那些必须要完成的事情上。这并不是一件容易做到的事情：一个人的过去岁月在逐渐的增多，很容易沉湎于那些昔日的雄心抱负，和那些无法忘怀的情结。如果情形确实是这样的，就应当都去忘却；如果都忘记了，逝去的就不应当是真实的。

5. The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. I do not mean that one should be without inerest in them, but one’s interest should be contemplative and, if possible, philanthropic, but not unduly emotional. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.

另外一件事情，就是尽量避免抱着从青年人身上获取活力的目的去亲密接近年轻人，如果你一定要对他们抱有兴趣，除非他们冷淡无情，否则你很快会成为他们的负担。我并不是说老年人不应当对年轻人有兴趣，但是老人的兴趣应当是沉思冥想、保守的。应当是博爱的，而且不要包含太多的感情因素。动物们当自己的孩子变得能够照看自己的时候，都会对他们变得比较冷漠；但是对人类而言，因为幼年期比较长，最后发现要做到这一点比较困难。

6. I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. It is in this sphere that long experience is really fruitful, and it is in this sphere that the wisdom born of experience can be exercised without being oppressive. It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education. But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests, you may find that your life will be empty unless you concern yourself with you children and grandchildren. In that case you must realize that while you can still render them material services, such as making them an allowance or knitting them jumpers, you must not expect that they will enjoy your company.

我认为对那些有强烈的非个人兴趣并投身其中的人而言，过一个满意的老年生活是容易的。在这一方面，长期的人生阅历是富有成效的，并且在这一领域由经验而生的智慧可以在没有太大强制压迫的情形下经由实践活动得以检验。对成长中的孩子，去告诉他们不要犯错误是没有用的；不但是因为他们不相信你，并且是因为犯错误是教育的重要构成部分。但是如果你发现自己是一个没有非个人兴趣的人，你会发现你的生命变得空虚除非你去关心自己的孩子和孙子们。在这种情形下，你会发现不管你继续给他们提供物质帮助，譬如生活补贴还是给他们编制衣服，你不要期望他们很乐意陪伴你。

7. Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it – so at least it seems to me – is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river – **all at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will not be unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.

有些老人对死亡感到害怕。年轻人有这种想法的话是正常的，他们会为可能在战争中阵亡感到痛苦，因为他们会感到被剥夺掉了生活会给予的美好的东西。但是对一个经历了生活的哀乐，和所有人生应当做的事情的老人而言，这种恐惧情绪是不幸的和没有必要的。对我而言，克服这种情绪的最好办法是：让自己的兴趣逐渐泛和非个人化，直到自我的障碍一点一点的消逝，个人的生命融入到大众的生活。个体生命的存在应当像一条河流——刚开始很小，狭隘的局限于自己堤岸，富有**的冲过岩石和瀑布。慢慢的，河流开始变得宽阔，堤岸在消退，水流也变得平静（参见静水流深），最后，没有明显的征兆，河流汇入了大海，毫无痛苦的结束了自己个体的存在。老年人能用这种方式来看待自己的生活的话，将不会经历死亡的恐惧，因为他关心的东西会延续。并且随着活力的减退和疲倦感的增多，希望能够长眠的想法不是不受欢迎的。我希望能够在工作的时候死去，知道别人会继续我的未竟事业，并且知道自己已经做了自己所能做的一切，我会感到很欣慰。

guard过去式

guard过去式: guarded。

过去分词: guarded。

现在分词: guarding。

guard的用法:

guard的用法1:guard的基本意思是为防御而进行警戒,可指“保护”“守卫”以防外敌侵入,也可指“看守”“控制”以防内部人外逃。引申可指“防范”“严守机密”“警惕”“预防”等。

guard的用法2:guard多用作及物动词,宾语通常是人,宾语后常接介词from表示“保护某人或某物不受…”; 偶尔也可用作不及物动词,与against连用表示“避免”“预防”。

guard的用法3:guard的过去分词guarded常用作形容词,在句中可作表语,意为“审慎的”“严守的”。

guard的过去式例句:

1. He is being guarded by a platoon of police.

有一队警察看守着他。

2. Environmental groups have given a guarded welcome to the Prime Minister's proposal.

环保组织对首相的提议表示谨慎的欢迎。

3. In the office, Dr. Lahey seemed less guarded, more relaxed.

莱希博士在办公室里看起来没有那么谨小慎微，放松了许多。

问书 ＜论老之将至＞罗素

论老之将至

虽然有这样一个标题，这篇文章真正要谈的却是怎样才能不老。在我这个年纪，这实在是一个至关重要的问题。我的第一个忠告是，要仔细选择你的祖先。尽管我的双亲皆属早逝，但是考虑到我的其他祖先，我的选择还是很不错的。是的，我的外祖父六十七岁时去世，正值盛年，可是另外三位祖父辈的亲人都活到八十岁以上。至于稍远些的亲戚，我只发现一位没能长寿的，他死于一种现已罕见的病症：被杀头。我的一位曾祖母是吉本的朋友，她活到九十二岁高龄，一直到死，她始终是让子孙们全都感到敬畏的人。我的外祖母，一辈子生了十个孩子，活了九个，还有一个早年夭折，此外还有过多次流产。可是守寡以后，她马上就致力于妇女的高等教育事业。她是格顿学院的创办人之一，力图使妇女进入医疗行业。她总好讲起她在意大利遇到过的一位面容悲哀的老年绅士。她询问他忧郁的缘故，他说他刚刚同两个孙儿女分手。“天哪！”她叫道，“我有七十二个孙儿孙女，如果我每次分手就要悲伤不已，那我早就没法活了！”“奇怪的母亲。”他回答说。但是，作为她的七十二个孙儿孙女的一员，我却要说我更喜欢她的见地。上了八十岁，她开始感到有些难以入睡，她便经常在午夜时分至凌晨三时这段时间里阅读科普方面的书籍。我想她根本就没有功夫去留意她在衰老。我认为，这就是保持年轻的最佳方法。如果你的兴趣和活动既广泛又浓烈，而且你又能从中感到自己仍然精力旺盛，那么你就不必去考虑你已经活了多少年这种纯粹的统计学情况，更不必去考虑你那也许不很长久的未来。

至于健康，由于我这一生几乎从未患过病，也就没有什么有益的忠告。我吃喝均随心所欲，醒不了的时候就睡觉。我做事情从不以它是否有益健康为依据，尽管实际上我喜欢做的事情通常都是有益健康的。

从心理角度讲，老年需防止两种危险。一是过分沉湎于往事。人不能生活在回忆当中，不能生活在对美好往昔的怀念或对去世的友人的哀念之中。一个人应当把心思放在未来，放到需要自己去做点什么的事情上。要做到这一点并非轻而易举，往事的影响总是在不断增加。人们总好认为自己过去的情感要比现在强烈得多，头脑也比现在敏锐。假如真的如此，就该忘掉它；而如果可以忘掉它，那你自以为是的情况就可能并不是真的。

另一件应当避免的事是依恋年轻人，期望从他们的勃勃生气中获取力量。子女们长大成人以后，都想按照自己的意愿生活。如果你还想象她们年幼时那样关心他们，你就会成为他们的包袱，除非她们是异常迟钝的人。我不是说不应该关心子女，而是说这种关心应该是含蓄的，假如可能的话，还应是宽厚的，而不应该过分地感情用事。动物的幼子一旦自立，大动物就不再关心它们了。人类则因其幼年时期较长而难于做到这一点。

我认为，对于那些具有强烈的爱好，其活动又都恰当适宜、并且不受个人情感影响的人们，成功地度过老年决非难事。只有在这个范围里，长寿才真正有益；只有在这个范围里，源于经验的智慧才能得到运用而不令人感到压抑。告诫已经成人的孩子别犯错误是没有用处的，因为一来他们不会相信你，二来错误原本就是教育所必不可少的要素之一。但是，如果你是那种受个人情感支配的人，你就会感到，不把心思都放在子女和孙儿女身上，你就会觉得生活很空虚。假如事实确是如此，那么你必须明白，虽然你还能为他们提供物质上的帮助，比如支援他们一笔钱或者为他们编织毛线外套的时候，决不要期望他们会因为你的陪伴而感到快乐。

有些老人因害怕死亡而苦恼。年轻人害怕死亡是可以理解的。有些年轻人担心他们会在战斗中丧身。一想到会失去生活能够给予他们的种种美好事务，他们就感到痛苦。这种担心并不是无缘无故的，也是情有可原的。但是，对于一位经历了人世的悲欢、履行了个人职责的老人，害怕死亡就有些可怜且可耻了。克服这种恐惧的最好办法是——至少我是这样看的——逐渐扩大你的兴趣范围并使其不受个人情感的影响，直至包围自我的围墙一点一点地离开你，而你的生活则越来越融合于大家的生活之中。每一个人的生活都应该象河水一样——开始是细小的，被限制在狭窄的两岸之间，然后热烈地冲过巨石，滑下瀑布。渐渐地，河道变宽了，河岸扩展了，河水流得更平稳了。最后，河水流入了海洋，不再有明显的间断和停顿，而后便毫无痛苦地摆脱了自身的存在。能够这样理解自己一生的老人，将不会因害怕死亡而痛苦，因为他所珍爱的一切都将继续存在下去。而且，如果随着精力的衰退，疲倦之感日渐增加，长眠并非是不受欢迎的念头。我渴望死于尚能劳作之时，同时知道他人将继续我所未竟的事业，我大可因为已经尽了自己之所能而感到安慰。

一下是原文

In spite of the title，this article will really be on how not to grow old，which，at my time of life，is a much more important subject. My first advice would be to choose your ancestors carefully. Although both my parents died young，I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal grandfather，it is true，was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven，but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty. Of remote ancestors I can only discover one who did not live to a great age，and he died of a disease which is now rare，namely，having his head cut off. A great-grandmother of mine，who was a friend of Gibbon，lived to the age of ninety-two，and to her last day remained a terror to all her descendants. My maternal grandmother，after having nine children who survived，one who died in infancy，and many miscarriages，as soon as she became a widow devoted herself to women‘s higher education. She was one of the founders of Girton College，and worked hard at opening the medical profession to women. She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who was looking very sad. She inquired the cause of his melancholy and he said that he had just parted from his two grandchildren.“Good gracious，”she exclaimed，“I have seventy-two grandchildren，and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them，I should have a di**al existence！”“Madre snaturale，”he replied. But speaking as one of the seventy-two，I prefer her recipe. After the age of eighty she found she had some difficulty in getting to sleep，so she habitually spent the hours from midnight to 3 a.m. in reading popular science. I do not believe that she ever had time to notice that she was growing old. This，I think，is the proper recipe for remaining young. If you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective，you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical fact of the number of years you have already lived，still less of the probable brevity of your future.

As regards health，I have nothing useful to say since I have little experience of illness. I eat and drink whatever I like，and sleep when I cannot keep awake. I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health，though in actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome.

Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories，in regrets for the good old days，or in sadness about friends who are dead. One‘s thoughts must be directed to the future，and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy；one’s own past is a gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think to oneself that one‘s emotions used to be more vivid than they are，and one’s mind more keen. If this is true it should be forgotten，and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true.

The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives，and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young，you are likely to become a burden to them，unless they are unusually callous. I do not mean that one should be without interest in them，but one‘s interest should be contemplative and，if possible，philanthropic，but not unduly emotional. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves，but human beings，owing to the length of infancy，find this difficult.

I think that a successful old age is easier for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. It is in this sphere that long experience is really fruitful，and it is in this sphere that the wisdom born of experience can be exercised without being oppressive. It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes，both because they will not believe you，and because mistakes are an essential part of education. But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests，you may find that your life will be empty unless you concern yourself with your children and grandchildren. In that case you must realize that while you can still render them material services，such as making them an allowance or knotting them jumpers，you must not expect that they will enjoy your company.

Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in a battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows，and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do，the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it——so at least it seems to me——is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal，until bit by bit the walls of the the ego recede，and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river——**all at first，narrowly contained within its banks，and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider，the banks recede，the waters flow more quietly，and in the end，without any visible break，they become merged in the sea，and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who，in old age，can see his life in this way，will not suffer form the fear of death，since the things he cares for will continue. And if，with the decay of vitality，weariness increases，the thought of rest will not be unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work，knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do，and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.