英语常用的词根和词缀

常用词根词缀

1．否定前缀

un- uncomfortable, unacceptable, unavoidable

in- incomplete, incapable, indispensable, inevitable

im- imperfect, impartial, immortal

dis- disable, disadvantage

mis- misplace, mislead, misfortune

ab- abnormal

de- deactivate, degrade

il- illegal, illiterate

ir- irregular, irrelative

mal- malfunction, malnutrition

2. trans — across（横过）through（通过）beyond（那边）from one place to another

transient 短暂的

transplant 移植（器官）

transaction 交易

transition 过渡，转变

transition from A to B transition period

tran**it 传输，传送（无线电，电视）

tran**ission (n)

a live tran**ission 现场直播

cultural tran**ission 文化的继承

transform 完全改变…的外观/特性

transformation(常做陪衬)

transfer 传递，迁移

translate 翻译

transport 运输

3. com-, con- 1、加强语气 2、共同，一起

combine, compete, compromise

confirm, conspicuous, concession

4. -tain 1、支撑 2、保持，维持，保留

sustain， retain, maintain

5. re- 再，又，回，反

renew, reshape, refresh

6. uni- / mono- one （一个），sole（单一的）

uniform, unique, unity

monotonous （单调的），monopoly （垄断）

7. ex- 向外，超出

expand extend exceed excessive exclusive(ly) excursion

8. pre-/pro- 前，在前

predominant precede, previous, premise, prevalent

proceed, prominent, propel

9. magn- 大（large）

magnify(microscope), magnificent, magnitude

10. viv- /vit- live, life 生命，生活

vivid, survive, revive

vital, vitamin

11. inter- 在……之间 相互

intervene, interfere

12. man- hand （手工）

manufacture , manipulate，manuscript

13. sci- knowledge

science, scientific, consciousness

14. sub- / sus- 下，次，附属

subsidiary subordinate(to)

sustain

15. laps 滑，落

(时间)elapse, collapse

16. spec- / spic- look

spectator, speculate, spectacular, perspective

conspicuous

17.clud（s）-, clos- 关闭shut

conclude, include ,exclusive close

18. not note

notify notion(=idea) notorious

19. homo- same

homogeneously

20. simul- together

Simultaneously

21. multi — 多，多倍

multiply, multitude

22. contra, contro 相反

contradiction contrary

controversy

23. dict- say, tell, speak

dictate, dictator , dictionary, verdict, predict

24. per- through

permeate, perplex, permanent, perpetual, persistent

25. ver- truth

verify verdict

26. -logy study（学习） science

biology psychology

27. -vert / -vers turn

divert advertise

diversify versatile reverse

28. -ics 作抽象名词的后缀，表学科

economics politics physics

29. -ist 表示“人”

pianist geologist typist

30. bio- life

31. -ician 从事……专业的人

music → musician

32. -i** ……主义……论（抽象名词）

reali** Marxi**

33. -cid kill

******* insecticide

34. mort- death

mortal mortality immortal

35. -scrib / -scrip write draw

describe inscribe prescribe subscribe ascribe

description inscription prescription subscription ascription

36. di-/du-/ambi- /bi- two, double

dilemma / duplicate / ambiguous/ bilateral

37. tri- three

triangle

38. bene- good, well, happily

benefit beneficiary

39. volu/ volv roll（滚动）turn(转动)

evolution revolution

involve revolve evolve

40. fer carry（带） produce（生产）

transfer refer fertile

41. phil- love

philosophy

42. deca- ten

decade

43. cred believe

credible incredible credit

44. cent one hundred

century

45. mill / kilo 一千，千分之一

millennium million kilometer kilogram

46. dom master, control

domain

dominate, dominant, predominant

47. val 有权力，影响

valid, invalid, valuable, evaluate, prevalent(popular)

48. graph / gram write

biography, geography / grammar, telegram

49. equi — 同等，相等

equivalent equilibrium

50. bat beat打

debate combat battle batter battery

51. seg, sect cut

segment, segregate / section intersection

52. plex 折叠

perplex complex

53. en- / -ify make

enlarge entitle enrich enable

simplify magnify signify

54. sym- / syn- 共同same, 类似similar

sympathy symptom symmetry / syndrome

55 path feeling

pathetic sympathy sympathetic

56. ceed / cess / cede / cest / cur run

proceed

recession, access, excess, successor

precede, recede

ancestor

current currency excursion occur

57. serv 保存,保护(protect)

conserve preserve

58. –able , -ible 可……

respectable, imaginable

comprehensible

59. hypo- 下，在…之下

hypothesis hypotension

60. –pel 推

propel, expel, repel, dispel, impel, compel

61. scend climb

ascend descend

62. spir

aspire, inspire, expire, respire, conspire

63. sent, sens feeling

sentimental

sense, consensus

64. grav 重

grave, gravity, aggravate (grieve)

65.lev 轻，上升

alleviate, elevate (relieve)

66.rupt break

bankrupt, interrupt, corrupt

pur,por,per,pre,pro,前缀都代表什么意思？

pur 纯净，纯洁，如purify提纯，精炼。pol，por 城市，政治。如metropolitan 大城市的。politic政治的，pre 提前 如preview预习，预告。pro作为词根有很多意思。先前 如prosecution **，前突出 如prominent卓越的， 拖延 如 prolong延迟。

一学习英语的好处

（1）讲外语会迫使你的大脑去识别、调整语义，并且在不同的语言系统中交流，以此提升大脑的功能。拥有同时执行多项任务的技能。延缓老年痴呆或者其他痴呆症。

（2）英语作为国际语言，提高自己的英语水平，不仅是出于掌握一门通用的语言的需要，更是接触中外思维差异与世情法则的重要路径。只有了解，才能避免自大与自卑，才能大方得体；语言，是与体面人的礼仪，与野蛮人的武器。

二学习英语的原因

  （1）学英语最大好处就是：掌握一门国际语言，走天下，其次对未来的发展有帮助，具体化就是工作福利、以及个人的一些工作发展都有着很大的帮助，小孩的话则是升初学、考取学校有很大的加分。

（2）我们很可能住在两个不同的地方，生长在不同的文化背景之下。但我们都知道，这个世界需要更多的爱和理解。还有什么比起用英语（或其他语言）和外国友人交流更能使这个世界更加美好的呢？

求SAT常用到的一些词根词缀。

词根归类速记

单词词根

1． plant- =植

2． pass- =通过

3． part- =部分

4． press- =按压

四．“形近”词根

1．apt- =fit适合

2．ept- =ability能力

3．pot- =power力量

4．volv- volut- =roll卷/转

5．volunt- vol- =will意志

五．“谐音”词根

六．“多义”词根

1． par-=beyond超越，远处；beside旁边；parallel平行，相似；假/伪；准备；出现

一．“方向，方位”词根

1．a- / ab- / ac- / ad- / af- / ag- / ap-….= 往(前/上)….去，到达…；从….而来

2．ep-=往上；在…之间；在…之后；在…附近

3．ob-/op-=往(前/上)；对着….

4．e- / ex- / es- / ec- = 往外；出来

5．an- / ant- /ante- =在…之前

6．en- / em- =进入

7. intro- / intra- =向…内

8. extro- / extra- = 向…外

10．in-/ im- =里面

11．meta- = 在…之中；在…后面；在…远处

12. medi-=在…中间

13．post- =在…后面

14．pro- =在…前面

15．pre- =在…前面

16．inter- =between/among在其间

17．fore- = before在前

18．forth- =torward往前

19. later- =side侧面

二．“否定”词根

1．a- =否定；分离

2．an- =否定

3．i- =否定

4. il-/ir- =否定

4．in-/im- =否定

6．un- =否定

8．countr-/counter- =相反

7．anti- =反对

9．de- =否定；分离；向下

10．dis-/dys- =否定

11．mal- =否定

12．mis- =否定

13．ne-/neg- =否定

14．non- =否定

15．nul- =否定

16. nihil- =虚/无

17．neutr- =neither两者都不

18．mort- =death死亡

19．necro- =death死亡

19．divid- divis- =divide分开

19．deal- =divide分开

20．vac- van- void- =empty空

20．pseud- =假

21．ver- =true真

22．fid- =trust相信

21．err- =①err犯错 ②wander漂泊流浪

22．fict- fig- =feign假装

23．fall- fals- =deceive欺骗

24．for- =away from离去，禁止

25．vice- =in place of替代

26．with- =①separate分开；②against对抗

27. linqu=leave离开

28. lips- =leave离别

三．“数量”词根

1．number- / numer- =number数/count计算

2． uni- =一

3． omni-=全部

3．al-=全部

4． mono- =单个

5．sol- =单个

6. milli- =千

7．kilo- =千

7．mult- =多

8．poly- =many多

9．integr- =whole整个

10．pan- =all全部

12．bi-=两

13．ambi- / amphi- =①on both sides两边的 ②around四周的

14．di-=two两

15．du- / duo- / dou- =two 两

15．dia- =①between二者之间；②through(首尾之间)穿过 ③across(对面之间)横过

16．twi- = 两

16．tri- = 三

17．tetr- = 四

17．quadr- =four 四

18．penta- =五

19．sex- =六

20．decim- =十

21．semi- =半

22．demi- =半

23．hemi- =半

24．hect- =hundred百

25．equ- =equal相等

26．is- / iso- =equal相等

27．oct- =eight八

28．macro-=large大

29．micro- =**all小

30．min- =**all小；prominent突出

31．magn- / mag- / maj- / max- =great伟大

32．metr-/metro- =measure 测量

33．mens- =measure测量

34．pens- / pend- =①hang悬挂 ②weigh称重/衡量 ③pay支付

35．grav- =heavy重

38．tele- =far off远距离

35．alt- =height高

36．bas- =low低

37．found- fund- =base底部

37．brev- =short短

38．preci- =price价格

39．val- / vail- =①worth价值 ②strong

三．“程度”词根

1．pen- =most接近

2．pan-=all全

2．proach- / proxim- =near接近

3．pur- =pure纯粹的

4．purg- =purify净化

5．plen- /plete-/ple-/pli-/ply- =fill/full满

6．per- =through总/通 (per每一)

7．quasi- =partly不完全地，类似地

三．“大脑”词根

1．memor- =remember记忆

2．ment- =think想/mind心智

3．anim- =breath呼吸；mind想法

4．mand- / mend- =order命令

5．order－／ ordin－=order顺序，命令

6．dom- =rule统治

五．“名字”词根

1．onym- =name名

2．nomin- / nom- =name名

七．“人”词根

1．anthrop- -=人类

2．vir- =男人

2．dem-- =人民

3．popul- / publ- =人民

4．idio- =①personal个人的 ②distinct独特的

5．propr- / proper- =①one’s own自己的 ② proper适合的

6．hum- / hom- =man人

7．auto- =self自己

8．ego- =I我

9．matr- =mother母亲

10．patr- =爸爸

11．milit- =soldier士兵

12．eth- =people人

13．the- =god神

14．dei- =god神

八．“加强，使…成为”词根

1．a- =加强

2．be- =加强

3．de- =加强

4．

九．“好”词根

1．eu- =好

2．ben- / bon- =好

3．orn- =decorate装饰

4．ortho- =①right正确的 ②straight直的

5．ert- =erect直的

6．ver- =ture真实

7．fid- =trust相信

8．decim- =fitting适宜的

9．dign- =worthy有价值的/有优点的

十．“时间”词根

1．ann- / anni- / enni- =year年

2．noct- / nox- =night夜晚

3．nov- =new新

4．neo- =new新

5．ev- =age年龄

6．sen- =old老

7．dur- =last持续

8．jour- =day日

9．juven- =young年少

十一．“生命”词根

1． bio- =生命

2． eco- =生态

3． flor- =花

4． foli- =leaf叶子

5． al- / ol- / ul- =nourish滋养

6． nutri- =nourish营养

7． av- =bird鸟

8． pet- =①fly飞翔；②seek追求

9．quire- quest- quisit- =seek追求

9． nat- =born 生

10． par- =bore出生

11． gen- =race种族；produce繁殖，生产

12． gam- =marriage婚姻

十二. “工作”词根

1． act- / ag- =①do做事；②drive驱动

2． agr- / egr- =field田地

3． erg- =work 运转/工作

4． aug- =increase增加；make制造；grow种植

5． oper- =work工作

6． art- =skill/art 技能/技术

7． tech- =skill/art技艺

8． tect- =cover盖

9． text- =weave编织

10． man- =hand手(做事)

11． mun- =service服务

12． merc- =①trade贸易；②reward报酬

13． med- =cure治疗

14． fac- fect- fic- fict- =make制造/do做

15． fabr- =workman工人

16． fig- figure- =shape形状/塑造

17． labor- =work工作

十三．“尖”词根

1． ac- / acid- / acr- =①sharp尖锐 ②sour酸

2． dent- =tooth牙齿

3． punct=prick刺/戳

十四．“圈”词根

1． circum- =环绕，周围

2． cycl- / circl- =圈

3． peri- =四周

4． sphere- =ball球

5． gl- =ball圆

6．greg- =collect聚集

7．lect- leg- =①choose选择 ②gather** ③speak说④read读

十五．“感觉器官”词根

1． am- =love爱

2． phil- =love爱

3． psych- =soul心灵

4． sens- / sent- =feeling感

5． audi- =hear听

6． ton- =tone音调

7． gal- =sing唱

8． chant- cant- =sing唱

9． lud- =play演奏；玩

10． hilar- =happy高兴

11． grat- =please使高兴

12． plac- / pleas- =please取悦/使高兴

13． lax- lyse- =loose松

14． mir- =wonder惊讶

15． moll- =soft柔

16． temper- =moderate缓和/温和

17． ang- =strangle使窒息

18． derm- =skin皮肤

19． oss- / osteo- =骨头

20． myst- =mystery 神秘

21． neur- / nerv- =nerve神经

22． ocul- =eye眼睛

23． opt- =eye①眼睛 ②sight视力 ③choose选择 ④hope希望

24． vid- vis- =see看见

25． spec- spect- =look看

26． test- = witness目击/证据

27． passi- / pati- /path- =①suffer遭受 ②feelings感觉

28． palp-=feel触摸

29． tang- tag- tact- =touch接触

30． fac- front-=face面

31． vol- volunt- =will意志

十五．“物理运动，变化”词根

1．mov- / mot- / mob- =运动

2．tac- tic- =silent安静的

2．qui- quiet- =calm安静

2．ambul- =walk行

2．laps- =slip滑 /glide滑

3．mut- =change变化

4．var- =change变化

4．alter- / ulter- / ali- =other其他的

5．ori- =①rise升起；②begin开始

6．mount- =ascend上升

7. lev- =①raise举/升；② light轻

9．it－ =go走

10．migr- =①wander漂泊；②remove迁移

11．miss- / mit- =①send送往；②throw投掷

12．merg- / mers- =sink/dip下沉

13．mix- / misc- =mix混合

14．join- junct- =join加入

14．nav- / nau- =ship航行

15．pat- / bat- =go走

16．ped- =foot脚走路

17．port- =carry运送

18．fer- =carry运载

19．lat- =bear携带

18．ger- gest- =carry运输

19．found- fuse- =pour灌注

20．fare- =go走

21．volv- volut- =roll卷/转

22．velop- =wrap缠/卷

23．vers- vert- =turn转

24．tour- torn- =turn转

22．tort=twist拧/扭/转/缠/卷

23．trop- strop- =turn转，绕

25．ven- vent- =come来

26．vi- voy- =way路

27．vade- =go走

28．vaga- =wandar流浪/漂泊

29．drom- =run跑

十六．“颜色”词根

1． melan- =black黑色

2． chrom- =color颜色

十七．“最”词根

1． ultimo- =last最后

2． arch- =chief最高，第一

3． sum- = ①highest最高 ②sum总数

4．prem- / prim- / prin- =first首位

5．proto- =first首位

6．fin- =end末端

7．term- =boundary界限

8．limin- lim- =threshold门槛/开端；上下限

十八．“超越”词根

2． ultra- =beyond超越

3． extra- =beyond超越

4． para- =beyond超越，远处；beside旁边；parallel平行，相似；假/伪；准备；出现

5． trans- =beyond超越；through贯通；remove转移

6． out- =beyond超过,胜过

十九．“天”词根

1． astr- / aster- =star星星

2． aer- =air天空

3． stell- =star星

4．

二十一．“地”词根

1． insul- =island岛

2． urb- =city城市

3． polis- / polit- =city城市；state国家

4． mar-=sea 大海

5． mark- =①boundary边界；②mark做记号

6． not- =mark标示

7． mur- =wall墙

8．dom- =house房屋（家族）

9．ter- =earth土地

10． geo- =earth大地

11．loc- =place地方

二十一．“自然”词根

1． ign - =fire火

2． pyr- =fire火

3． flam- flagr- =flame火焰；burn燃烧

4． fulm- fulg- =flash发光

5． ferv- =boil沸腾

6． pho- phos- phot- =light光

7． gl- =light光

8． lumen- =light亮光；lun- =moon月亮

9． lustr- luc- =bright明亮 清晰

10． lav- lau- =wash洗

11． aqu- =water水

12． liqu- =liquid液体

13． lact- =milk奶 / 乳

14． hydr- =water水

15． plore- =flow out流

16． umbra- =shadow阴影

17． electr- =electric电

18． phan- / fan- =appearance出现；景象

19． monstr- =show显现

20． vent- =wind风

21． flat- =blow吹

22． flu- =flow流动/漂流

23． fug- fum- =flee逸

24． fur- =mad疯

二十二．“工具”词根

1． us- uti- =use使用

2． arm- =weapon武器

3． em- empt- =take拿

4． don- dot- dow- =give给

5． tribut- =bestow赠予

6． pos- pon- / pound- =put放

7． thet- thes- =put放，place置

8． mechan- =machine机器

9． bar- =bar横木

10． petr- =stone石头

二十三．“打”词根

1． noc- nox- =harm伤害

2． tox- =poison毒

3． bell- =war战争

4． paci- =peace和平

5． fort =strong强大的

6． bat- = beat打

7． fend- /fest- =strike打

8． fract- / frag- =break折断

9． flict- =strike打击

10． brig- =strike打

11． grav- =cut割/刻

12． tail- =cut切割

13． tom- =cut切割

14． tum- =swell肿胀

15． fis- / fiss- =cleave劈开

16． pel- /puls- =drive驱

17． plaud- / plode- =①strike击 ②clap拍手

18． plain- / plaint- =beat the breast 捶胸

19． pugn- =fight打斗

20． pun- / pen- =punish惩罚

21． preda- =prey掠夺/掠食

22． phob- =fear恐惧

23． ter- =frighten使惊吓

24． tim- =fear害怕

25． priv=①private私有的 ②deprive使丧失

26． prehend- / pris- =seize抓取

27． tain- ten- tin- =hold/keep①抓住 ②容纳 ③保持

28． vinc- vict- =conquer征服

29． venge- =avenge报仇

30． vulse- =pluck采摘

31． dam- damn- =harm伤害

32． deb- du- =owe欠(债等)

33． tract- treat- =draw拉/引/拽

34． tir- =draw拖拉

35． pand- = spread展开

36． tend- tens- tent- =stretch延展

37． jug- =yoke轭

38． ject- jac- =throw砸

39． miss- mit- =send送；throw扔

40． ball- bol- =throw投掷

41． trud- trus- =thrust插入；push推/挤

二十四．“生活”词根

1． viv- =live生活

2． vig- veg- =lively有活力

3． mor- =custom风俗/习惯

2．morph=form形式/形态

3．form- =form形成/形态

3．mod- =manner方式

4．norm- =norm标准；rule规则

5．fest- =festival祝宴/节日

6．fam-=hungry饥饿

7．pan- =bread面包；past-=food食物

8．vor- =eat吞/吃

9．dorm- =sleep睡眠（冬眠 ）

10．quit- =free自由

11．liber- =free自由

二十五．“包扎”词根

1． nect- / nex- =bind 绑/连接

2． band- / bond- =bind捆绑

3． lig=bind绑

3． pact- =fasten系

4． firm- =firm坚固的

5． bur- =shelter掩藏

6． fix- =fasten缚住

7． ply-/pli-/ plic-/ ple- / plex- =fold折叠

8． flect- flex- =bend 弯曲（屈服）

10．volv- volut- =roll卷/转

11．velop- =wrap缠/卷

12．vers- vert- =turn转

12．fil- =thread线

14．tenu- =thin细薄

13．vest- =clothe穿衣

二十六．“喊叫”词根

1． nounce- / nunci- =report报道

2．or- =①speak说话 ②pray祷告

3．mon- =①advice忠告；② remind提醒

4．prec-= pray祈祷

5．fam- =speak说

6．fa- fabl- fabul- =speak说

7．fess- =speak说话

8．phon- phe- phes- phet- =①sound声音②speak说话

9．verb- =word话语

10．voc- vok- = ①voice声音；②call呼喊

11．dic- dict- dit- =say说

12．quer- =complain抱怨

13．log- loqu- locut- =speak说

14．lingu- =①tongue舌头 ②language语言

二十七．“文化”词根

1． pict- =picture描写

2． gram- graph- =write写

3． libr- lib- =book书

4． liter- =letter文字

5． lect- leg- =①choose选择 ②gather** ③speak说④read读

6． prob- / prov- =test/try测试

7． tempt- tent- =try试

8． doc- =teach教导

9． duc- duct- =lead引导

10． dox- dogma- =opinion 观点

二八．“法律”词根

1． deem- =judge裁判

2． jud- =judge判断

3． jur- =swear发誓

4． just- juris =law法律；right正义

5． leg- =law法律

6． lic- =①be permitted被允许 ②entice引诱