英语短词翻译

1，制具/清洗室 ------Mould making and purging room

2，进货办公室------the office of goods purchase

eg: It was explicated from three aspects-the function,content and basic ways of constructing of the Information Management System of the enterprise of railway material flow-the scientific,unified and normative management of goods purchase,inventory and delivery,for the purpose of achieving a highly effective,coordinated and ordered railway material flow management.

从铁路物流企业信息管理系统的功能、铁路物流企业信息系统的内容、建立铁路物流企业信息系统的基本途径3个方面阐述铁路物流企业通过先进的管理、技术和现代信息网络,对物流商品的进货、储存、配送等业务进行了科学、统一、规范的管理,目的在于使铁路物流管理达到高效、协调和有序。

3，原材料仓库 ------Raw materials warehouse

eg: Raw materials warehouse system based on multi-Agent work flows management

基于多Agent工作流管理的原材料仓库系统

4，低值易耗品/研发库 ------Low-value Consumption Goods/develop library

5，保税仓库------Bonded Warehouse

eg:On Operation Model of the Bonded Warehouse in Shaoxing International Logistics Center

绍兴国际物流中心保税仓库运作模式初探

6，危险品、辅料库------dangerous goods, auxiliary materials storehouse

eg:The technical process of logistics system of auxiliary materials storehouse and finished products storehouse in cigarette factory and AGV system, and design calculation methods are presented with an example, performance parameters of common equipment are listed.

通过一个设计实例,介绍了卷烟厂辅料库与成品库物流系统及AGV系统的工艺流程和设计计算方法; 列出了常用设备的性能参数。

7，成品库 ------Finished Product/goods warehouse

或者stock room

8，设备房------equipment house

eg： Utility approach on fire Water spray extinguisher system for fuel equipment house in high rise building

水喷雾消防系统在高层建筑内燃油设备房中的应用

9，芯片烧洗室

9，AI/SMT备料/制具室

10，MI备料区-------MI cuuting area

11，车间办公室-----shop office

12，成型加工区-----molding processing area

13，灌胶区---------glue-pouring area

eg: Design of intelligent measuring system of the glue-pouring machine

灌胶机计量智能系统设计

14，浸胶房---------dipping glue house

eg:This article focuses on measurement and control of resin viscosity in Microcomputer control fiber winding machineor dipping glue machine.

本文研究的是应用于微机控制纤维缠绕机或浸胶机的树脂粘度的测量与控制，根据实际情况选择性价比高且操作简单的单筒式旋转测量法测量树脂粘度。

15，喷胶房---------spray glue house

eg:Development and trial-production of BS223 continuous spray glue machine

BS223连续式喷胶机的开发与试制

16，老化房---------Ageing House

eg:A New High-Low Temperature Ageing House

一种新型高低温老化房

17，热烘房---------Baking Room

eg： An Automatic Microcomputer Control System for Far Infrared Baking Room

远红外加热烘房微机自动控制系统

18，包材区---------packing and material area

这个不太确定，是包装和材料区吗？

19，家具房---------furniture room

20，吸烟室---------**oking room

制具不会翻译。抱歉！

最好每个单词的字母都大写。

ps：上面的回答连拼音都出来了，我真是无语！！！丢人不？？

Bond是什么意思

bond 的本义是用来把东西拴、捆、紧固在一起的物件，如脚镣、绳索或带子，可以引申为联姻、联盟、盟约、粘合剂等。如：

the bonds of friendship 友谊的纽带

the familial bond  家族的亲密关系

freed from the bonds 从束缚中解脱出来

如同 water 转化为“浇水”，paper 转化为“裱糊”，book 转化为“登记预定”，bond 也可以通过转化表示“把与...紧密联系起来”、“使...相互联结”、“使...建立亲密关系”等。例如：

Belinda was having difficulty bonding with the baby. 贝琳达难以与孩子建立起亲密的关系。

They all bonded while writing graffiti together.  他们都是在一起涂鸦时互相熟识的。

What had bonded them instantly and so completely was their similar background.   是相似的生活背景使他们很快变得亲密无间。

hydrogen-bonded和hydrogen bonding区别，如何翻译？这两个词肯定意思不一样，见例句。

hydrogen-bonded是指“以氢键连接的……”，hydrogen bonding是指氢键本身，这两词虽然看上去很像，然鹅重点完全不一样。

环境污染用英语怎么说

环境污染指自然的或人为的破坏，向环境中添加某种物质而超过环境的自净能力而产生危害的行为。我们大家都要为保护环境贡献自己的力量，那么你知道环境污染用英语怎么说吗?下面来学习一下吧。

环境污染的英语说法1：

environmental pollution

环境污染的英语说法2：

environmental disruption

环境污染的相关 短语 ：

环境污染监测仪 environmental pollution monitor

北京环境污染严重 Beijing pollution serious ; beijing serious environmental pollution

减少环境污染 Reduction of environmental ; reduce the environment pollution

环境污染严重 Serious environmental pollution ; Environmental pollution serious

环境污染损害赔偿 Environmental pollution damage compensation

引起环境污染 Cause environmental pollution ; Environmental pollution arising from

水环境污染防治 The water environment pollution control ; water pollution prevention

环境污染的英语例句：

1. an environmental black spot

环境污染严重的地区

2. There is already a high level of environmental contamination.

环境污染的程度已经很高.

3. Recycling also helps control environmental pollution by reducing the need for waste dumps.

对废弃物的回收利用能够减少对垃圾场的需求，从而也有助于控制环境污染。

4. The people talked openly about the government's new measures against environmental pollution.

人民公开地谈论着政府的治理环境污染的新 措施 .

5. The increase of pollutants in the environment follows an upward sloping curv e.

环境污染的增加是按照倾斜上升的曲线变化的.

6. It's going to raise a lot of problems with respect to atmosphere pollution.

这将会引起许多有关环境污染方面的问题.

7. At that time , they were talking about the environmental pollution.

他们当时正在谈论环境污染问题.

8. Environment pollution is acturally the waste of energy and resources.

环境污染,实质就是资源能源的浪费.

9. And electric power companies are pushing the government to relax pollution - control requirements.

而电力部门正推动政府放松环境污染控制的标准.

10. Pesticide residues have constituted a significant source of contamination of environments.

农药残留已经成为环境污染的一大重要来源.

11. In modern time, environmental pollution aggravated due to the development of industry.

在当今社会,由于工业的发展, 环境污染加重了.

12. Heavy - metal contamination By heavy metals or their compounds caused by environmental pollution.

重金属污染由重金属或其化合物造成的环境污染.

13. Third, we strengthened the prevention and control of environmental pollution.

三是强化环境污染防治.

14. Do Wood Panels Bonded with PF Resins Have Environmental Pollution Problems?

使用酚醛树脂作胶粘剂的人造板有没有环境污染问题?

15. Pollution is considered as a form of negative externality in economic growth.

摘要环境污染是经济增长过程中的“负产品”.

谁能帮我找份关于耐火混凝土的英文资料？？

Dry phosphate refractory concrete materials

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a dry phosphate cement mixture and process for manufacture of same. The dry mixture includes at least Al(H2 PO4)3, a group IIA metal bonded to oxygen, and an aggregate. The process for manufacturing cement includes associating the dry reagent with a substantially polar solvent, such as water. The total reagent concentration is formulated such that only nominally exothermic reactions are observed. The process accommodates variable setting times and provides resulting concrete which exhibits formidable structural integrity.

Claims

What is claimed:

1. A refractory cement mixture comprising a dry reagent composition including:

at least one oxide of an element belonging to group IIA of the periodic table present in an amount of 0.5 to 2.0 percent by weight of the dry reagent composition;

Al(H2PO4)3 ; and

at least one aggregate, wherein the aggregate is selected from the group consisting of olivine, silica, aluminum oxide, kyanite and bauxite.

2. The refractory cement mixture according to claim 1, further including an aqueous medium.

3. The refractory cement mixture according to claim 2, wherein the aqueous medium consists of a polar solution.

4. The refractory cement mixture according to claim 1, wherein the Al(H2 PO4)3 is present in an amount of about 2.2 to 7.3 percent by weight of the total dry reagent composition.

5. The refractory cement mixture according to claim 1, wherein the at least one aggregate is present in the amount of from about 75 to 95 percent by weight of the dry reagent concentration.

6. The refractory cement mixture according to claim 1, wherein the group IIA oxide has a particle size range from minus twelve to positive three hundred mesh.

7. The refractory cement mixture according to claim 1, wherein the group IIA oxide comprises MgO.

8. A process for manufacturing refractory cement comprising:

dry mixing active reagents so as to form a dry reagent composition, wherein the active reagents include:

at least one oxide of an element belonging to group IIA of the period table present in the amount of 0.5 to 2.0;

Al(H2 PO4)3 ; and

at least one aggregate, wherein the aggregate is selected from the group consisting of olivine, silica, aluminum oxide, kyanite and bauxite.

9. The process according to claim 8, wherein the Al(H2 PO4)3 is present in an amount of about 2.2 to 7.3 percent by weight of the total dry reagent composition.

10. The process according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:

charging water into the dry mixture of active reagents and an aggregate such that an aqueous mixture is synthesized during a exothermic reaction; and

curing the resulting aqueous mixture.

11. The process according to claim 10, further comprising the step of:

varying the amount of one or both of the oxide of an element belonging to group IIA of the periodic table or the Al(OH2 PO4)3 to, in turn, adjust the curing time of the resulting aqueous mixture.

12. The process according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:

charging water into the dry mixture of active reagents and an aggregate such that an aqueous mixture is synthesized during an exothermic reaction; and

curing the resulting aqueous mixture.

13. The process according to claim 12, wherein the process further comprises the step of:

varying the concentration of one or both of the oxide of an element belonging to group IIA of the periodic table or the Al(H2 PO4)3 to, in turn, adjust the curing time of the resulting aqueous mixture.

14. The process according to claim 10 wherein the active reagents have a particle size and the curing time of the aqueous mixture is varied by varying the particle size of one of the reagents.

15. The process according to claim 12 wherein the active reagents have a particle size and the curing time of the aqueous mixture is varied by varying the particle size of on of the reagents.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates in general to dry phosphate refractory concrete materials having MgO and AI(H2 PO4)3, and more particularly, to special compositions which when synthesized yield nominally exothermic reactions, and use virtually "catalytic" amounts of active materials without sacrificing either structural integrity or variable setting times.

2. Background Art

Refractory concretes, also known as castables, are normally bonded with high-temperature calcium aluminate cement. Cement adlevels commonly range from one to forty percent and setting times are typically variable and range from 30 minutes to over 3 hours. In some instances, a fast setting time is desired, for example, when specialized manufacturing of uniquely-shaped burner block is desired, or, when rapid furnace repairs or patches are needed. Ina**uch as many thousands of dollars per hour are lost while a furnace is non-operational, minimizing such furnace down time is essential. Another example of when a fast set of the refractory material is desired is during the forming and pouring of furnace walls when construction time is extremely limited due to sche****ng demands. Indeed, while accelerating the setting time of calcium aluminate concretes is known in the art, the ultimate structural integrity of the material does become adversely affected. Additionally, the initial dry-out and heat-up of the calcium aluminate concrete castable takes a substantial amount of time regardless of, and in addition to, the initial setting time of the mixture.

In addition to the above, safety must be considered when configuring a furnace heat-up schedule. For example, refractory calcium aluminate cement develops strength after hydrating the chemical reagents. Sufficient water must be charged to a cement-bonded high-temperature concrete to hydrate the cement and allow for placement and/or movement of the mass. After the cement-bonded concrete is hardened, the water must be removed slowly before the furnace can be put back into service. Consideration must be given to the permeability of the mass, dynamics of the cement phases and its hydration level. The end result is that heating rates for concrete cure can require up to several hundred hours to reach the furnace operating temperature. As the concrete is heated, the mass functions as a "leaky" autoclave. The pressure caused by the vaporization of the free water and steam released from the dehydration of the cement can be explosive, if the pressure exceeds the tensile strength of the castable. Even if the mass does not actually explode, rapid heating can cause internal cracking and damage that will shorten the ultimate life of the concrete material. This damage is known as thermal shock damage.

The long turn-around times for concrete furnace linings and possible thermal shock damage are just part of the problem associated with conventional refractory material. Indeed, if the furnace lining comes into contact with molten metal, an adverse chemical reaction can occur. This adverse reaction, as observed in calcium aluminate cement systems, is considered a weak link in the ability of refractory concretes to resist molten metal attack and/or penetration of the furnace lining.

Phosphate refractory concretes, on the other hand, have several advantages over traditional calcium aluminate cement-bonded products. The first benefit is that the phosphate bond is not affected by molten aluminum. The metal is non-reactive with the phosphate, unlike the calcium aluminate of traditional cements. Another benefit is curing or firing time. Phosphate-bonded materials generally can be heated much faster than traditional cement-bonded products. Furthermore, there is a much lower chance for sustaining thermal shock damage. Phosphate-bonded concretes use many different types of phosphates and often have a basic component such as magnesium oxide (MgO) which reacts with the phosphate in the presence of water (or an aqueous liquid) whereupon hardening occurs.

Although such conventional phosphate bonded concretes have exhibited various benefits over other conventional refractory materials, problems nevertheless persist. For example, when phosphate-bonded concretes are used, the reaction rate is often so fast that the concrete cannot be poured into place before it hardens. Additionally, when a liquid phosphate or phosphoric acid is used, safe handling of the toxic liquid presents a real hazard, not to mention the burden associated with working with a two-phase system.

Greger, U.S. Pat. No. 2,450,952 (hereinafter "Greger '952") appears to disclose a dry phosphate cement mixture for adhesive applications. The reagents used in Greger '952 included magnesia, olivine and or magnesium silicate mixed with water soluble aluminum phosphate. The weight ratio of the magnesium compound to the phosphate is disclosed to be 2:1 to 8:1. Ina**uch as the set is relatively fast when magnesia is used as a reagent, Greger '952, discloses substituting olivine for the magnesia, to, in turn, slow the set time for as much as 24 hours. However, olivine has limited high temperature applications due to melting point considerations and chemical reactivity at high temperature.

Tomic, U.S. Pat. No. 4,392,174 (hereinafter "Tomic '174") appears to disclose a mixture of magnesium oxide in aluminum phosphates, as well as using aluminum phosphates in liquid form. Aggregates, such as gravel or trap rock are combined with a mixture of magnesium oxide and phosphate, and then used for such applications as patching of highways. However, Tomic '174 teaches the use of high magnesium oxide concentration (as well as other high reagent concentrations). Although such a high concentration appears to provide a phosphate cement with great structural integrity, the percent composition of the active reagents is undesirably high. The result of having such high concentrations of active reagents is that undesirable levels of heat are generated as a result of the exothermic nature of the chemical reaction. Furthermore, the cost of the active reagents in phosphate concretes are quite expensive when compared to the cost of the inactive reagents. When used in such great concentrations, as taught in Tomic '174, the profitability of an installation is adversely affected.

It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a dry phosphate refractory concrete which can be synthesized in a cost effective manner.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide chemical compositions, such that when synthesized, liberate nominally exothermic properties.

It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide phosphate concretes as described above, without sacrificing structural integrity or the necessary enhancement of variable setting times.

More particularly, it is an object of the present invention that regardless of the specific active reagent concentrations (such as those experimentally identified in the present disclosure, relative to the present invention), other reagent concentrations less than conventionally known, and, which, in such relatively low concentration result in hardened refractory material maintaining excellent structural characteristics, are likewise fundamental to the objective parameters of the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a cement mix comprising: a dry reagent composition including; at least one active dry reagent selected from the group consisting of group IIA elements associated with oxygen, and another active dry reagent comprising Al(H2 PO4)3, wherein the concentration of the group IIA oxide ranges from about 0.5 to 2.0 percent by weight of the total dry reagent composition; and at least one aggregate.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cement mix further includes an aqueous medium. Additionally, it is contemplated that the aqueous medium is substantially polar.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the aggregate is selected from at least one of the group consisting of Olivine, Kyanite, Silica, Bauxite, Aluminum oxide and minerals or synthesized derivatives thereof.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, the group IIA oxide includes MgO. The invention further contemplates that the MgO has a distribution range from minus twelve to positive three hundred mesh. Moreover, the invention contemplates that the Al(H2 PO4)3 concentration ranges from about 2.2 to 7.3 percent, and the at least one aggregate concentration ranges from about 75 to 95 percent by weight of the total dry reagent composition.

The present invention is also directed to a process for manufacturing cement comprising the steps of: a) dry mixing active reagents, wherein the active reagents includes; at least one active dry reagent selected from the group consisting of group IIA elements associated with oxygen, and another active dry reagent comprising Al(H2 PO4)3, wherein the concentration of the group IIA oxide ranges from about 0.5 to 2.0 percent by weight of the total dry reagent composition; and at least one aggregate; b) charging an aqueous medium into the dry mix active reagents and aggregates, wherein the step of charging includes maintaining a net active reagent concentration equal to or less than the necessary concentration for observing nominally exothermic synthesis, to in turn, result in an aqueous mixture; and c) setting the resulting aqueous mixture.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the process further comprises the step of varying setting times of the resulting aqueous mixture. Moreover, the invention contemplates that the step of varying setting time comprises altering one of at least the dry reagent composition concentrations and particle distribution range.

In another preferred embodiment of the process, the active reagent concentration of Al(H2 PO4)3 ranges from about 2.2 to 7.3 percent, and the at least one aggregate concentration ranges from about 75 to 95 percent by weight of the total dry reagent composition.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many different forms, there is described in detail a specific embodiment with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the embodiment described hereinbelow.

At the outset, when magnesium oxide and aluminum phosphate are charged with water, a well-known acid-base type reaction occurs. The concentration of magnesium oxide and its particle size generally determine the setting time of the concrete. The concentration of MgO and Al(H2 PO4)3 directly affects the exothermic magnitude of the chemical reaction. Indeed, when "non-catalytic" amounts of active reagents are used, a significant exothermic reaction is observed. Accordingly, in each experiment in the present invention, the peak exotherm was nominal as a result of the virtually "catalytic" amounts of active reagents. Dry phosphate concretes of high structural integrity were synthesized using significantly less MgO and Al(H2 PO4)3 than contemplated by the prior art (see, for example Tomic '174). Moreover, as shown in experiments one, two and five, variable set times were still maintained using such diminished concentrations of active reagents. Amazingly, even with virtually "catalytic" (limited) amounts of active reagents, the phosphate refractory concretes maintained a very high degree of structural integrity. In support of such an invention, several experiments were conducted. The results are summarized herein-below.

Specifically, seven experiments were conducted, wherein the following common experimental procedure was used:

First, the dry reagents, which include at least the aggregate, MgO, and Al(H2 PO4)3 in which the phosphorus pentoxide (P2 O5) concentration was approximately sixty percent, were charged into a reaction vessel. Second, the dry reagents were mixed via conventional agitation methods for approximately fifteen minutes. Third, the reaction vessel was charged with H2 O, which resulted in a "concrete" slurry that was agitated for an additional two minutes. Fourth, the "concrete" reaction mixture was set and cast, which provided suitable material for ****ytical testing. Next, test samples were ****yzed primarily for structural integrity via cold crushing strength methods (CCS). Additionally, ****ytical test data relating to net structural composition was provided when applicable. These additional tests included compositional density (.rho.) and modulus of rupture (MOR).

EXPERIMENT NO. 1

In this experiment, the following dry reagents and their respective percent composition by weight were used:

______________________________________

Dry Reagent Percent Composition

______________________________________

Olivine 90.11

Silica Fume 4.95

Surfactant 0.04

MgO 0.55

Al(H2 PO4)3

2.20

Non-Wetting Agent

2.15

______________________________________

The olivine used in this experiment consisted primarily of four dimensionally different aggregates. The grain sizes of the respective primary aggregates included: 3×50 mesh, 16×70 mesh, 12×40 mesh and 140 mesh material. Furthermore, the chemical composition of the olivine used in this experiment was ninety percent forserite (2MgO.SiO2) and ten percent fayalite (Fe2 SiO2). Moreover, the silica fume used was approximately ninety-five percent silica (SiO2) and dimensionally less than one micron. The magnesite (MgO) was technical grade and processed from sea water which was then calcined in a shaft kiln. The grain size of the MgO was one hundred mesh. However, other particle sizes, such as positive three hundred mesh, are suitable for use as well. Anyone of a number of conventional non-wetting agents which are understood in the art can be used.

After following the experimental procedure (as previously described), 6.6% H2 O (by weight) was charged into the reaction vessel and a nominally exothermic reaction was observed. Thereafter, 2×2×2" cubes were formed via vibration casting. The chemical composition of the "concrete" in this experiment provided a hardening ("set") time of ninety minutes. Test data was then collected following conventional industrial method ASTM C133. The test results after drying for sixteen hours at 230° F. provided a compositional density (.rho.) of 158 pounds per cubic foot (pcf) and a MOR of 166 pounds per square inch (psi). After heating to 1,000° F. and holding the temperature constant for five hours, the MOR increased to 966 (psi), and the CCS was then measured at 3,925 (psi).

EXPERIMENT NO. 2

In this experiment, the following dry reagents and their respective percent composition by weight were used:

______________________________________

Dry Reagent Percent Composition

______________________________________

Bauxite 8.48

60% Al2 O3 Aggregate

55.14

Bauxite Fines 6.36

Kyanite 4.24

Al2 O3

16.97

MgO 1.59

Al(H2 PO4)3

5.62

Non-Wetting Agent

1.60

______________________________________

The bauxite used in this experiment was a South American bauxite and was elementally eighty-nine percent Al2 O3 and has a granular range from minus three to positive six mesh. The sixty percent Al2 O3 aggregate was supplied from C-E Minerals in Andersonville, Ga. and is also known commercially as Mulcoa-60. Furthermore, the Kyanite used in this experiment was supplied by Kyanite Mining

谁知道生化危机每次开场白爱丽丝的的自我介绍，全部打出来，对的给10分

My name is Alice.I wordke for thd Umbrella Corporation,the largest

and most powerful commercial entity in the world.I was head of

security at a secret high-tech facility called the Hive,a giant

underground laboratory developing experimental,viral weaponry.There

was an incident.A virus escaped.A lot of people died.The trouble

was,they didn't stay dead.The computer that controlled the Hive was

a state-of-the-art artificial intelligence:The Red Queen.The Red

Queen reaponded to the threat of the viral outbreak in an extreme

way.She went homicidal.You're all going to die down here.The Red

Queen attempted to kill everyone,Down!Whether they were infected or

not.I managed to escape,but this was only the beginning.Viral

outbreaks spread like wildfire,first across the United States,then

the world.The T-Virus didn't just bring the dead back to life.It

mutated them in terrifying ways.Despite the apocalypse they had

created,the Umbrella Corporation continued to experiment with the

deadly virus.I was infected.But the virus bonded with me on a

cellular level.I developed powers."Your genetic structure is the

key."I became different.Powerful.Unstoppable.As I got stronger,the

human race became weaker.I tried my best to lead what survivors I

could find to safety,but we were prusued relentlessly.Even my friend

Jill Valentine was seized and brainwashed by Umbrella.Shoot to

kill.Finally,Iconfronted the head of the Umbrella Corporation,

Albert Wesker.He robbed me of my powers,but I still managed to

defeat him.At last,we thought is was over.We thought we had survived

the horror.But we were wrong.Once again,we found ourselves fighting

for our lives.