25个英语名词的用法(2)

13. jury的用法

jury的意思是“陪审团”“(比赛的)评判委员会”，为**名词;用作主语时，谓语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。如：

The jury is [are] considering its verdict. 陪审团正在考虑裁决。

The jury is [are] about to announce the winners. 评委会即将宣布优胜者。

14. majority的用法

(1) the majority表示“大多数”时，为**名词;单独用作主语时，其谓语可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。如：

The majority has [have] seen the film. 多数人看过这部电影。

The majority was [were] in favour of banning **oking. 大多数人支持禁烟。

但是若单独用的 the majority后跟有复数表语，则谓语通常要用复数。如：

The majority are young people. 大多数是年轻人。

(2) 用于“the majority of+复数名词”且用作主语时，其谓语动词通常用复数。如：

The majority of our employees are women. 我们的雇员大多数是女性。

The majority of men earn their living by manual labour. 大多数人是以体力劳动为生。

但用于单数也是可能的(即将主语视为一个整体)。如：

The majority of students were [was] indifferent to the political meeting. 大多数学生对政治**漠不关心。

(3) 按传统语法，the majority of只用于修饰可数名词复数或具有复数意义的**名词，但在现代英语中也可用于修饰不可数名词，此时若用作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：

The majority of my work is done in the office. 我的大部分工作是在办公室里干的。

The vast majority of alcohol metaboli** occurs in the liver. 酒精的代射主要在肝脏。

(3) the majority of习惯上带定冠词，有时也可用不定冠词。如：

A majority of visitors have arrived. 大多数参观者已经到了。

A clear majority of voters were in favour of the motion. 绝大多数选民赞成这一动议。

A [The] majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio. 大部分人似乎喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。

15. management的用法

(1) management的意思是“管理层”“管理人员”“资方”，为**名词;用作主语时，谓语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。如：

The management is not responsible for articles left in customers’ cars. 管理人员对于留在顾客车内的东西概不负责。

The management are looking for ways of improving productivity. 管理部门正在设法提高生产率。

The management is [are] having talks with the workers. 资方正在与工人谈话。

有时其前可以不用冠词。如：

Management [The management] is [are] considering closing the factory. 主管部门正在考虑把工厂关闭。

(2) 若只是表示“管理”，则表示单数意义。如：

Poor management has sunk the project. 管理不善导致了这个项目失败。

School management is often too detached from the classroom. 学校管理往往太脱离课堂。

16. military的用法

military的意思是“军队”“武装力量”，通常要连用定冠词;用作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数，但有时也用单数。如：

As the police could not keep order in the city, the military were called in to help. 由于警察无法维持城里的秩序，军队被召去加以协助。

The military does not have the weapons it needs to defeat the rebels. 军方没有击败叛军所需的武器。

17. minority的用法

(1) 意为“少数”“少数人”，用于a minority且用作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数，但有时也用单数。如：

Only a tiny minority hold such extreme views. 只有极少数的人持这种极端的观点。

Unfortunately, a **all minority want to spoil everyone else’s enjoyment. 很遗憾，少数几个人想破坏其他所有人的兴致。

The nation wants peace; only a minority want(s) the war to continue. 全国人民要和平，只有少数人希望继续打仗。

(2) 用于a minority of，后接复数名词，用作主语时，谓语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。如：

Only a minority of people support these new laws. 只有少数人支持这些新法令。

A minority of children are sexually active before they are in their teens. 少数孩子在十几岁前有性行为。

Only a **all minority of students is [are] interested in politics these days. 目前只有极少数学生对政治感兴趣。

18. nation的用法

(1) 表示“国民”“全国人民”时，为**名词;但用作主语时，谓语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。如：

The nation was at fever pitch in the days leading up to the election. 大选前几天，全国处于狂热的兴奋之中。

The whole [entire] nation was [were] watching the developments of the incident. 全国人民都在关注着此事的进展。

(2) 若表示“国家”，则表示单数意思。如：

The nation was reunited and slaves were set free. 国家重新统一，奴隶获得了自由。

The nation is in danger of falling into anarchy. 那个国家有进入无政府状态的危险。

19. personnel的用法

(1) 表示“全体人员”时，为总称名词，虽为单数形式，但表示复数意义;用作主语时，谓语要用复数。如：

Our personnel are very highly trained. 我们的人员素质很高。

Army personnel are not allowed to leave the base. 军事人员不准离开基地。

(2) 表示“人事部门”时，其用法值得注意——此时它是不可数名词，不连用不定冠词，也不用复数形式，但它用作主语时谓语动词却可用单数或复数。如：

Personnel has [have] lost my tax forms. 人事部门把我的税收表格弄丢了。

Personnel is [are] organizing the training of the new members of staff. 人事部门正在组织新雇员的培训。

20. population的用法

(1) 表示某地区、城市、国家等的“全体居民”“人口”，或表示聚居于某地区的“一群或一类的人或动物”等，为**名词，既可表示单数意义(视为整体)也可表示复数意义(考虑其个体)。如：

Most of the population has [have] fled. 大部分居民都逃走了。

A tiny fraction of the population never vote [votes]. 很少一部分人从不投票。

What percent of the population read [reads] books? 识字的人占人口总数的百分之几?

Half the world’s population doesn’t [don’t] get enough to eat. 世界有一半人口没有足够的食物吃。

但是，在某些特定语境中，要注意区分其单数意义与复数意义。如：

One half of the world’s population are Asians. 世界人口有一半是亚洲人。(由于其后的表语是复数，所以系动词以用复数为宜)

The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(此句用单数谓语，因为主语的概括性比较强)

(2) 如果population本身为复数，其后的谓语自然要用复数。如：

Insect populations fluctuate wildly from year to year. 昆虫数量每年变化很大。

Whole populations of natives were wiped out in order that civilisation might advance. 为了文明得以前进，整批整批的土著被消灭了。

(3) 其前不能用数词修饰，也不能与many, few之类的词连用，但在说明数量多少时可用large, high, **all等来说明。如：

China’s population is by far the largest of any country. 中国是全世界人口最多的国家。

In 1900 the population of London was higher than it is now. 1900年，伦敦的人口比现在多。

虽然不直接受数量修饰，但受“per+数词”来修饰。如：

the number of live births per 1,000 population 每1000人中的活产婴儿数目

(4) 要表示某地拥有多少人口，一般用“have a population of+基数词”这样的结构。如：

Japan has a population of about a hundred million. 日本人口约有1亿。

若要打听某地的人口数，可用what或how large。如：

How large [What] is the population of China? 中国有多少人口?

21. public的用法

表示“公众”，为**名词，其前要用定冠词;用作主语，谓语可用单数(侧重整体)或复数(侧重个体)。如：

Give the public what it wants [they want]. 应满足公众的要求。

The public is [are] requested not to walk on the grass. 请大家不要在草地上行走。

The public has [have] a right to know what is contained in the report. 民众有权了解报告的内容。

比较下面两句：

The public is the best judge.=The public are the best judges. 公众是最好的判断者。

22. staff的用法

(1) staff表示“全体人员”，是**名词，a staff 不是指“一个人员”，而是指某一个单位的“全体人员”;two staffs不是指“两个人员”，而是指某两个单位的“全体人员”。要表示 “一个职员”“一个工作人员”，可说成a staff member或one of the staff。如：

On every trip a staff member brings musical instruments. 每一次旅行时，一个工作人员都会携带乐器。

但如果是复数，则其中的members可以省略。如：

Staff (members) are conversant with the issues. 职工对这些问题很有经验。

(2) 用作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。如：

The school’s teaching staff is [are] excellent. 学校师资很不错。

Over half of the staff is female. 半数以上的职工是女性。

Most of our sales staff now work on line. 我们的销售人员现在大多在线开展业务。

注意，类似下面这样的句子，staff前面没有冠词：

Staff are expected to start work punctually at 8.30. 工作人员必须在8点半准时开始工作。

Staff are not permitted to make personal phone calls except in an emergency. 除了有急事，员工不允许打私人**。

(3) 若语义需要，其前可用some, many, most, all等修饰。如：

Many hospital staff have to work unsocial hours. 许多医务人员必须在非正常时间上班。

All the staff wish you weren’t leaving so soon. 所有的工作人员都希望你不要这么快就离开。

有时还可直接用数词修饰。如：

Six more staff got the chop last week. 上个星期又有6名员工被解雇。

There are plans to axe 2600 staff. 有计划要解雇2600名员工。

(4) 表示“是……的职员”“在……供职”，其前通常用介词on。如：

He’s on the staff of the college. 他在那所大学供职。

23. team的用法

(1) 作为**名词，用作主语时，其谓语动词根据情况可用单数(侧重整体)或复数(侧重个体)。如：

Which team is the best? 哪个队打得最好?

The football team are having a rest. 足球队队员们在休息。

(2) a team of后接复数名词，表示“一组(群，批) ……”。如：

The exam questions are set by a team of experts. 考试题是由一个专家组命制的。

这类结构若用作主语，其后的谓语动词可用单数(侧重整体)或复数(侧重个体)。如：

A team of divers was sent down to examine the wreck. 派了一个潜水队去对沉船进行检查。

A team of volunteers were putting up posters. 一批志愿者在张贴海报。

(3) 表示某人在某个队或是某个队的队员，其前可用介词on或in。如：

They are in [on] the same football team. 他们是同一个足球队的(成员)。

24. troop的用法

(1) 表示“军队”“部队”，习惯用复数形式;若用作主语，谓语也用复数。如：

Rebel troops have captured the city. 叛军夺取了该城。

Troops were used to put down the rebellion. 动用了军队镇压叛乱。

(2) 有时可代替soldiers表示“士兵”，但它一般不与具体数字(尤其是较小的数字)连用，如“两个士兵”一般不能说成two troops，可说two soldiers。不过它可以与较大的数字以及不确定的数目连用。如：

many troops 许多士兵

five hundred troops 500士兵

thousands of troops 数千士兵

(3) 若用于名词前作定语，则用单数。如：

The troop withdrawal is scheduled to begin the day after the ceasefire. 部队撤离安排在停火后的一天开始。

(4) 用于a troop of，后接复数名，表示“一群”“大量”“许多”等，用作主语时，其谓语动词根据情况可用单数(侧重整体)或复数(侧重个体)。如：

A troop of guests was moving towards the house. 一群客人向那房子走去。

A troop of boys were playing at the edge of a pond. 一群孩子正在池边玩耍。

25. workforce的用法

workforce表示“工人总数”或“职工总数”，是**名词;用作主语时谓语可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。如：

The workforce in this area is well-educated and very reliable. 这个地区的劳动力教育程度高，而且非常可靠。

Our workforce are completely dependable. 我们的工作人员的能力完全可靠。

jury是什么意思

jury的意思是陪审团，评委会。

英 ['dʒʊəri] 美 ['dʒʊri] 　 　

n. 陪审团，评委会

adj. 临时用的

vt. 挑选

例句：The jury brought in a verdict of guilty.

翻译：陪审团作出有罪的裁决。

短语：the verdict of the jury 陪审团的裁决

近义词

inquest　

英 ['ɪŋkwest] 　  美 ['ɪŋkwest] 　 　

n. （死因）审讯，验尸陪审团，查询

例句：The judge awaits the coroner's inquest before giving a verdict.

翻译：法官在作裁决前等待验尸官的调查。

短语：last inquest 世界末日的大审判

法律英语。请帮我用英文解释“jury”

jury [ˈdʒuəri] n. 陪审团

The jury for the court to determine the facts of the bodies, found in common law countries. The judicial system is currently used in the jury system of the United States, Britain and Hong Kong.

The facts of the case is that the important work of the Court of First Instance, with the introduction of jury trial system, composed of ordinary people from the jury is usually used to identify the fact that purely objective. Determined by the results of the jury in the Anglo-American law known as the verdict, the fact that only the effects of the informal decision, the judge will determine, according to the light of the legal decision. If the jury finds that an unreasonable decision, contrary to the judge or the legal instructions given by the judge ex parte may rule out the possibility of claims and the different conclusions of the jury for the verdict (known as the Anglo-American Law on the JNOV)

Is generally believed that the United Kingdom is the birthplace of the modern jury system. But the British jury system is not a native, but came from Frank transplantation. After the Norman Conquest, the system was taken to the United Kingdom. 1166, Henry II issued the "Dahir Clarington," the jury system would be formalized. Dahir provisions, the occurrence of criminal cases, must be familiar with the situation by the 12 jurors to the court and prove the crime charged, and this is the so-called jury of the prosecution, that is, the grand jury. However, this by the same group of people charged with crime is also confirmed that the system of crime, the defendant very likely lead to a dangerous situation, so in 1352, Edward III ordered a ban on the prosecution of a jury trial, requested a separate jury of 12 entities trial, which is usually a **all jury said. At this point, the United Kingdom there have been two jury: responsible for the prosecution of the grand jury to decide whether to file a complaint against the suspect; **all jury trial to determine guilt or innocence of the accused. The size of the coexistence of the two juries in the United Kingdom for centuries, and thus constitute the British jury system, one of the important features.

The mid-19th century, the United Kingdom in civil proceedings and the phasing out of the jury, to 1993 under the new law with a civil case involving an honorary citizen. In addition, the adaptive control of crime and the need to improve judicial efficiency, the United Kingdom's modern police system and the prosecution system have been developed. In addition to the jury finally indicted - that is, the grand jury (formally abolished in 1948), and replaced by the Prosecutor system. And in 1948, the law permits a summary of the minor into Canada, which makes the scope of the trial reduced the jury.

British jury system the origin of the problem seems rather vague, the larger differences between the views of researchers, some trace their origin Anglo -撒克森period and a similar approach, and some enter the Cayman. We can indeed Anglo -撒克森King埃塞尔雷德(Ethelred) to find the law provides: "In each village of one hundred (wapentake) squire 12 and older long-eup (reeve) with holding a sacred oath, not to prosecute the innocent, those who do not conceal the evil. "[4] This is indeed very much like a jury later indicted Frank Church of the Kingdom of the courts will occasionally have a person's guilt or innocence of the question to 12 people groups composed of people ruling the practice of the Church in the United Kingdom had to borrow Frank Dunstan Church of the practice. Most researchers are inclined to think that in the strict sense is the jury after the Norman Conquest, William I of Normandy from Frank Monaco of the introduction, according to records, at least from the 8th century AD, the Frankish Emperor and King had to call on neighbors jury investigation Mission (Inquest or Inquisitio), let them answer the question of an official royal tour - mainly on the local customary rights recognized by the royal family and the issue of violation of the royal order. Historical data show that the neighbor at the time the jury investigations mainly used. At that time, often as a result of the royal family for the land occupied by the private sector, and the king to check the status of land tenure, and ordered officials to various parts of the royal family to explore the fact that the royal family in order to restore access to land evidence and the fact that the royal family used a neighbor-finding mission as a way of pushing asked. Later, asked the king to push this method (neighbor-finding mission) extend to the identity of the people Frank King Rent-finding mission this neighbor asking the way of pushing the beginning of independence for the privilege of the king, the king asked the way by virtue of such a push to effectively safeguard the and uphold the rights of the royal family, local封建主off can not be used. Thus, this investigation was the King of the jury in fact the face of many local separatist feudal forces used to assert the rights of the means of the royal family neighbors jury investigation is the only true witness to give evidence, rather than the jury in the modern sense. Later, from the north to the Norman Franks, who took over from such an approach is also used to investigate the jury neighbors. However, Norman has a very strong ability to trial the administration of the Mission to expand the use of it as a way of government administration in general to use, the central government sent to local officials of the royal family to the local investigation, may be convened to provide truthful sworn the situation. Whether administrative or judicial officials and officials can use this survey to obtain information about the jury information, such as production and other administrative officials to economic or other issues, judicial officials ordered the suspect to the crime or whether the allegations are made true views. Through such practices to strengthen the central government, Wang and management, shortly after the Normandy Monaco have established a system of central bodies. It can be said that this investigation is a matter of fact the jury Norman feudal state of the royal family to face the bureaucracy as a means of management is central to the local feudal forces of the Crown to exploit the power of an effective way, as the royal family by Frank the Connaught Cayman rulers will investigate the management of the jury as the general form of such an approach, in the Duke of Normandy, William I of England shortly after the conquest, it is to be introduced into England in 1086's "Doomsday Book" of the tax population survey . In the nationwide "diagnostic" investigation, extensive use of the royal officials of the twelve jury investigation must truthfully answer the questions raised by royal officials, or else be punished. Jury investigation of such neighbors can quickly and efficiently provided to the royal officials of the UN investigation is required the jury to be completed on schedule, William plans to investigate his inestimable play an important role. "Doomsday Book" affirmed after William conquered England, the possession of the land rights of the people of England the centralization of power has played a very important role. No exaggeration to say that this time the local people from 12 people convened to investigate the jury's power in the royal family in a difficult way to play the "pioneer" role embarras**ent. And we can see that such an inquiry in the nature of the jury is still groups of witnesses. Of course, such as to account for earlier in the administration of the royal family in such a widely used group of witnesses, because the royal family by virtue of its administrative requirements to obtain a variety of information is so effective, efficient, therefore the royal family and the Chief the royal family by sending roving judges (justices in Eyre) convened at the local level to the jury that the investigation of the local officials questioned whether the royal family of misconduct in violation of local executive and judicial activities. The jury on the significance of the British royal family can be seen. Until the 14th century, as the representative of the local counties to participate in the emergence of parliament, making only

jure词根的用法归纳

英语单词 构词法的核心部分，在于词根，词的意义主要是由组成单词的词根体现出来的。下面是我为你整理的jure词根的相关资料，希望大家喜欢!

jure词根

1.词根：-judic-, -just-, -jur-

【词根含义】：法律,公正

【词根来源】：-jur-来源于拉丁语名词jus, jur.is, n(法律,公正);-just-来源于由jus派生的形容词just.us, just.a, just.um(公平的,正义的); -judic-来源于judex, judicis, n(判决)。judex原义是“说法律”,由jus(法律)和-dic-(说)复合而成。

【同源单词】：judge, judgement, judgment, judicial, judiciary

2.词根：jud, jur, jus(t) = to judge(判断)

词根jud 来源拉丁语 judicare/judex 意为to judge。judg- / -judic- 为 -jud- 的变体。

jure词根的同源词

1. adjudicate(对某物进行判断ad(=to) + jud(=judge))

v.判决;宣告

My mother always adjudicates the fights i have with my sister. 每当我和我妹妹打架时，总是由妈妈来裁决。

2. judicious(具有判断力的jud(=judge))

adj.有判断力的;明智的

The judicious use of antibiotics can prevent severe staphylococcus infections.明智地使用抗生素可以预防葡萄糖球菌的严重感染。

3. judge(ju=jus 法律，dg = dic 说，-e 后缀;解说法律的人 --)

n.裁判员;鉴定人，鉴赏家 v.判决，裁判;判断

judgement(=judgment) n.看法，意见，评价;判断，判断力;审判，判决

judge advocate 军法官;军事检察官

the Day of Judgment (上帝的)最后审判日

error of judgment 决断错误

a man of judgment 有判断力的人，有辨别力的人

in my judgment 以我之见

judgment seat 法官席;法庭

4. judicature

n.司法;[总称]法官

the Supreme Court of Judicature 英最高**

5. judicial

adj.司法的;法庭的;法官的;审判的

the judicial bench 法官们

judicial separation 法定分居

judicial murder 合法但不公正的**判决

judicial power(s) 司法权

judicial precedent 司法判例

judicial review 美司法审查(权)

6. judiciary

n.司法部;(国家的)司法系统;[总称]法官

the judiciary 司法部 cf. the executive 行政部门

the legislature 立法机关

7. extrajudicial

adj.司法程序以外的;(正常)法律以外的 * extra(=outside)

8. injudicious

adj.缺乏判断力的，不明智的 *in(=not)

injudicious remarks 不明智的话

9. prejudge

v.过早判断，预先判断;[律]不审而判 *pre(=before)

prejudgment n.不审而判

10. prejudice(pre 预先，ju = jus 法律，dic 说，judic 解说法律 -- 判定、断定，-e 后缀;预先判定 --)

n.偏见;[律]侵害，损害

v.使抱偏见;使怀成见;损害 *pre(=before)

prejudiced adj.抱有成见的，有偏见的

prejudicial adj.引起偏见的;有害的，不利的

racial prejudice 种族偏见

without prejudice 对合法权力无损害

prejudiced opinion 偏见

11. unprejudiced

adj.无偏见的;公平的 *un(=not),pre(=before)

12. just(just 公正 --正--正好--)

adv. 刚才; 仅仅，只是; 正好; 刚要

adj. 公正的，合理的; 恰当的; 合法的; 正确的

justice n.(just 公正，-ice 名词后缀)正义，公正;司法，法律制裁

13. justify(just 公正，ify 动词后缀，使成为)

vt. 证明…有理; 为…辩护; 对…作出解释

vi. 整理版面; 证明合法

14. jury (jur 法律，公正， -y 后缀;发誓一定公正给予真实回答的一组人--)

n.陪审团;(竞赛或展览的)评判委员会

15. injury(in- 不，jur 公正，-e 后缀;不公正而--)

n. 伤害，损害;受伤处

16. injure(in- 不，jur 公正，不公正而--)

vt.伤害，损害，损伤

词根jur的同源词

1. perjury(虚假地宣誓 per(=falsely) + jur (=swear,law))

n.[律]伪证(罪);背信弃义

perjure v.使作伪证

perjurer n.作伪证者

The witness was convicted of perjury and fined 2,000 dollars. 那个证人被判犯有伪证罪，并被处以2000美元的罚金。

2. abjure

v.发誓放弃;公开放弃(权利、信仰等) *ab(=away) ,jur(=swear)

abjure ones religion 抛弃信仰

abjure the realm 放弃领土

3. abjuration

n.发誓放弃;公开放弃 *ab(=away),jur(=swear)

abjuration of faith 信仰的抛弃

4. adjure

v.恳求;严令 *ab(=to),jur(=swear)

adjuration n.恳求;严令

I adjure you to tell the truth.我命令你说实话。

5. conjure

v.念咒语召唤;魔法变出;使人想起 *concom(=together),jur(=swear)

conjuration n.召唤;咒语;魔法

conjurer/conjuror 魔术师，变戏法的人;魔法师;巫师

conjuring trick 魔术

conjure a rabbit out of a hat 从帽子里变出一只兔子

6. injure

v.使受伤，损害;伤害(感情、名誉等)*in (=not),jur(=law)

7. injured

adj.(感情)受伤的;(名誉)被损害的 *in (=not),jur(=law)

the dead and injured (事故等的)死伤者

in an injured voice 用受伤的声音

injured look 受伤的表情

8. injurious

adj.有害的;致伤的;诽谤的，中伤的 *in(=not),jur(=law)

behavior that is injurious to social order 对社会秩序有害的行为

injurious to health 有损健康的

9. injury

n.(对人、动物、精神等的)伤害;(对物的)损伤;(对健康的)损害;伤口 *in(=not),jur(=law)

injury to the head 头上的伤

severe injuries 重伤

do a person an injury 证某人蒙受损害

injury to my pride 对我自尊心伤害

severe injury to his reputation 对他名誉的严重损害

10. jurisprudence

n.法学 *prpro(=before),udvid(=look),jur(=law)

Doctor of Jurisprudence 法学博士，缩写：J.D.

11. jurist

n.法学家;法律学者

12. juror

n.陪审员;(竞赛等的)评委

13. jury

n.陪审团;证审委员会

juryman n.陪审员

common jury 普通陪审团

grand jury 大陪审团(特别指12名到23名人员组成，审理上诉的案件，在认为证据不足的时候作判定)

jury box陪审(团)席

jury room 陪审团议事室

jury of public opinion 公众舆论的评判

14. juridcal

n.司法(上)的;法律(上)的

juridical days 开庭日期

什么是jury判据

朱利(Jury)判据

朱利判据是直接在域内应用的稳定判据,朱利判据直接根据离散系统闭环特征方程的系数,判别其根是否位于平面上的单位圆内,从而判断系统是否稳定.

更详细解说和方程式：

the jury是单数还是复数？

jury 指评审团或裁判委员会，属于**名词。如果把它作为整体，应视作单数；如果把它作为组成人员，应视作复数。