persistence,revolution,woman,lady的形容词形式。请各位不吝赐教。

Persistent，revolutionary，womanish，ladylike。

lady

读音：英［ˈleɪdi]美［ˈleɪdi]

释义：n. (指成年女子，有些人尤其是长者认为这样说比较礼貌）女士，女子；举止文雅且有教养的女子；淑女；（尤用于称呼或谈及不认识的女子）女士，小姐；

例句：There's a lady waiting to see you.

有位女士等着要见你。

其他：复数ladies

词源：直接源自中古英语的lavedi，意为女士，夫人。

词义辨析

madam，Mrs，lady，miss这些名词均表示对女性的尊称。

madam夫人、太太，女士，小姐，与尊称男人的用词sir相对，多用于对已婚或未婚妇女的礼貌称呼，如店员对女顾客的称呼，后面不加姓名。如果已知对方的身份或姓名可在此词后面加上姓名或职位。

Mrs太太，夫人，是mistress的缩略形式，对已婚妇女的称呼。

lady女士，夫人，与gentleman相对，是对女性的礼貌称呼，多用于演讲或祝酒时称呼在场的女性。

miss小姐，是对未婚或不知婚姻状况的女性的称呼，与姓氏连用时应大写。

考研作文的主题词是名次还是形容词

耶鲁考研为您解答：

2016考研作文的主题词是名词，下面是一些主题词的预测

个人品质的主题词：

1.顺境与逆境( Favorable Circumstances and adverse Circumstances)

2.勤奋(hard working, diligence, painstaking efforts)

3.谨慎(prudence and determination)

4.坚持/毅力(perseverance，persistence, determination)

5.热情和乐观(enthusia** and optimi**)

6.博学和求知(learnedness and seeking knowledge/pursuit of knowledge)

7.活力(vitality)

8.身强体壮，充满活力(bursting with vitality and good health)

9.独立 (independence)

10.感恩(gratitude ,gratification)

11.创新( creation, innovation, critical mind, critical thinking, unconventional thinking )

12.鼓励 (encouragement)

13.真诚(sincerity)(我们都爱何凯文)

14.宽容(humanity, love, understanding and tolerance)

15.自满和谦逊(Being self-satisfied and being modest)(凯文大帝威武)

16.勇敢(courage and bravery)

17.敬业精神(professional dedication and professional ethics )

18.业务水平(competence)

19.苦难(suffering and hardship)

20.简朴(simplicity)

21.谦逊的耐心(moderation and patience)

22.适应性(adaptability)

23.果敢性(decisiveness)

24.羡慕(admiration; )嫉妒(jealousy; envy)

社会道德的主题词：

1.爱国主义(Patrioti**)

2.努力工作(hardworking)

3.勤俭(plain living),

4.相信科学(belief in science), (文都何凯文)

5.为人民服务的意识(consciousness of serving the people),

6.团结互助(solidarity and helping each other),

7.诚实守信(honesty，credibility and being trustworthy),

8.遵纪守法( observation of the law)

9.中华传统美德(traditional Chinese values)

勤 hardworking 俭Thrift 信 honesty, ,孝 filial piety/filial duty/filial respect;礼courtesy, 忠loyalty,;仁benevolence , humanity and humaneness爱 affection

10. 现代美德(modern virtues)

志愿者精神(volunteer spirit)

契约精神(spirit of contact, observation of the law, abiding faith of the law)

11. 社会公德(public morality)

12. 梦想的力量(the power of dream)

13. 文化融合(Cultural integration)

社会现象的主题词：

1.资源保护(Energy and Resource Saving/reservation)

2.环境保护( Environmental protection)

3.人口增长(The growth of China’s population)

4.家庭暴力(The Problem of Domestic or Family Violence)

5.社会保障系统/资金(Social security system/fund)

6.假冒伪劣产品问题( Counterfeits and unqualified products)

7.食品安全(food safety)/粮食安全(grain security)

8.消费者权益保护问题( The protection of consumers rights and interests)

9.知识产权保护问题(Intellectual Property protection)

10.学术剽窃(academic plagiari**)

11.节约粮食(grain conservation)

以-ence结尾的名词,把ence改为ent变成形容词有什么？

名词------形容词：

difference---different, independence---independent, fluence---fluent, exellence---excellent,

confidence---confident, persistence---persistent

如需进一步探讨,请发邮件至：zhoushihong_cool@163 联系.,7,

形容词，副词和介词的用法（要百分百正确的）

形容词解释

一。只能用作定语，不能用作表语的形容词：little，wooden ，golden，many，elder 不能说The boy is little。the watch is golden/wooden

二、只能用作表语，不能用作定语的形容词：well，ill，alone,content，unable，worth，afraid，alive ,asleep, ashamed,awake, aware.

an ill boy ,an alone village 就是错的短语,an ill idea "坏点子"ill当定语时是转义了,不是"有病的"了。

三、表示倍数常用的句型:

He is as tall a boy as I.

He is a head taller than I .

He is two years older than I

China is four times as large as Europe.

I am twice as old as you

I am twice older than you.

I am twice the age of you.

My books are twice as many as yours

China is four times larger than Europe.

China is four times the size of Europe.

I pay twice as much as it was worth.

I pay twice as much for the house .

五.与动词有区别,表示延续状态的形容词:open,dead, still静,一动也不动,常修饰动词sit,stand

The door is open/closed.不要选opened或close.有特殊意义的形容词有:closed关,close形容词是"近",不是"关"了 near,nearly,hard,hardly,most,mostly大多数

六.very修饰原级形容词副词，修饰—ing，放在名词前表示强调。

much 修饰动词，修饰比较级最高级，修饰过去分词 。

四、--ly结尾一般是副词，但有些—ly结尾是形容词的：lonely，friendly，They talk in a friendly way.lovely，ugly，silly，likely，deadly，

五。在be，seem，及物当主语的look，taste。**ell，feel，sound，appear等动词后用形容词，I looked at the flower. The flower looks beautiful. He appeared (出现)suddenly. He appeared(显得) happy.

六.表示主语长期的静止状态,不强调动作的sit,stand,lie 接形容词quiet,silent,still,red,peaceful等

The valley lay quiet and peaceful

She sat silent . They stood still.

七.become,fall ,get,go,turn 表示"变得"时后跟形容词.

The leaves fell/got/went/turned yellow.

It fell/got/went/turned cold.

八.present 表示"出席的,到场的"的时候常放在名词后,the members present 表示"现在的"则放在名词前 the present members

九.live有时可用做形容词: a live fish 活鱼(形容动物，不形容人 ) The broadcast comes to you live from Beijing .实况转播 That wire is live 电线是带电的 lively 生动的，活泼的。 His class is often lively.

十.the +adj表示一类人,是复数

The rich should help the poor.

the blind /wounded/young/old

十一.多个形容词作定语时的位置:排列顺序大致为:all/quite/such/rather限定词(包括冠词、物主代词、指示代词、数词、不定代词等) + 描绘形容词(短词在前,长词在后)+ 特征形容词(包括大小、形状、新旧、年龄等)+ 颜色形容词 + 类属形容词(包括专有形容词和材料质地形容词) + 名词性定语(包括动名词)+ 名词。

It is such a charming little short old round yellow

.......如..冠...抽.........大....高....老...形....色

french oak writing table.

..国...材....用

为方便背颂,特简化成9字诀:抽大高,老形色,国材用

抽：即抽象性质如beautiful，wonderful，terrible之类较空泛的词。

大：big，little，**all，

高：tall，high，short，low

老：old，new，young，

形：square，round等

色：white，black，brown，red，gray，green，blue等

国：出产地方，往往是国家的形容词。汉语总是把产地排前,其它置后：中国美酒

材：woden，plastic，brick，silk，wool等材料，很多是名词

用：物品的用途writing，fishing，walking，swimming用来写字的，钓鱼的，走路的，往往是动名词。

1．She has a ___ jacket．(leather，brown，beautiful)beautiful brown leather

2．He has a ___ car. (long，red,American)

3．They live in a ___ house. (old，beautiful)

4．We have a ___ table. (antique,**all，wooden)

5．He has a ___ jumper. (, lovely, red,woollen)

6．She has a ___ ring. (fabulous new diamond)

7．It was a ___ song．(French，old, lovely)

8．He owns a ___ dog．(black，horrible，big)

9．She bought a ___ scarf．(gorgeous，pink silk，)

10．I saw a ___ film. (，fantastic,new British)

1．beautiful brown leather jacket.

2．long red American car.

3．beautiful old house.

4．**all antique wooden table.

5．lovely red woollen jumper.

6．fabulous new diamond ring.

7．lovely old French song.

8．horrible big black dog.

9．gorgeous pink silk scarf.

10.fantastic new British film.

(注上述原则不是放之四海而皆准的,要把普遍真理与特殊实际结合起来.一般说来,"抽,.....色,国,材,用"的位置是较确定的,"大,高,老,形"则不太确定,它们有时归类于"抽象"的一大类,在抽象的大词类中按短词在前,长词在后的原则甚至按照读音舒服顺口原则排列.例:

a tall intelligent young Chinese officer 一个聪慧的个子很高的年轻的中国军官

一定要和形容词结合才能分清副词的用法:

形容词和副词形容词和副词在语法结构中主要用于比较级和最高级。形容词和副词的构成形式基本上一样，它们的形式与单音节、双音节和多音节有关，当然还有其特殊形式。形容词和副词比较级的基本用法分为同级比较、比较级和最高级三种形式。但这三种形式都有它们特殊的表达方式以及它们的惯用法。对以下要点大家须一一掌握。

第一节 形容词比较级和最高级的形式

一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成

形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下

构 成 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级

① 一般单音节词末尾加�er 和 �est strong stronger strongest

② 单音节词如果以�e结尾，只加�r 和�st strange stranger strangest

③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有 一个辅音字母，

须先双写这个辅音字母，再加�er和�est sad

big

hot sadder

bigger

hotter saddest

biggest

hottest

④ 少数以�y,�er(或�ure),�ow,�ble结尾的双音节词，

末尾加�er和�est(以�y结尾的词，如�y前是辅音字母，

把y变成i，再加�er和�est，以�e结尾的词仍

只加�r和�st) angry

clever

narrow

noble angrier

cleverer

narrower

nobler angrest

cleverest

narrowest

noblest

⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most different more

different most

different

1) The most high 〔A〕 mountain in 〔B〕 the world is Mount Everest， which is situated 〔C〕 in Nepal and is

twenty�nine thousand one hundred and fourty one feet high 〔D〕 .

2) This house is spaciouser 〔A〕 than that 〔B〕 white 〔C〕 one I bought in Rapid City， South Dakota 〔D〕 last year.

3) Research in the social 〔A〕 sciences often proves difficulter 〔B〕 than similar 〔C〕 work in the physical 〔D〕 sciences.

二、形容词比较级或最高级的特殊形式：

1. 三个或三个以上音节的形容词只能加more和most

只能说 more beautiful而不能说beautifuller; 只能说the most beautiful而不能说beautifullest。

但是，以形容前缀�un结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如unhappy,untidy，我们可以说：unhappier→unhappiest, untidier→untidiest

2. 由�ING分词和�ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级

more(most) striking, more(most) interesting, more(most) wounded, more(most)worn等。

4) The drawings 〔A〕 of the old masters 〔B〕 are among the treasuredest 〔C〕 works in museums 〔D〕 .

3. 英语里有些形容词由于其词义而不可能有比较级形式

absolute fatal main right universal

chief final naked simulta- utter

entire foremost perfect neous vital

eternal inevitable possible sufficient whole

excellent infinite primary supreme wooden

三、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式

good

well better best

bad

ill worse worst

many

much more most

little

few less least

far farther farthest

further furthest

5) African elephants are larger， fiercer， and difficulter 〔A〕 to tame 〔B〕 than 〔C〕 Asian elephants 〔D〕 .

6) Sarah Hale became 〔A〕 one of the famousest 〔B〕 magazine 〔C〕 editors in the United States during 〔D〕 the 1800’s.

7) Of all 〔A〕 the Native American tribes 〔B〕 ， the Shawnee Indians were 〔C〕 a most 〔D〕 transient.

四、例题解析

1) A错。应将“most high”改为highest。这是在考形容词比较级的构成形式。

2) A错。改为more spacious。

3) B错。 改为more difficult。

4) C错。 treasured 在本句中是�ED分词(动词treasure ＋ed)作形容词使用，是“宝贵的、珍贵的”意思，修饰名词 works(作品)，其最高级形式应用 the most treasured。

5) A错，改为more difficult。

6) B错。改为“the most famous”，因为famous(著名的)是双音节，其最高级变化应在前面加“the most”。

7) D错。应改为“the most”，因为此处表示的是最高级，“the most transient”意为“(延续时间)最短暂的”。

第二节 副词比较级和最高级的形式

副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样

一般 副词

hard→harder →hardest

fast→faster →fastest

late→later →latest

early→earlier →earliest

特殊 副词

well →better →best

much →more →most

badly →worse →worst

little →less →least 但是，开放类副词即以后缀�ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加�er或�est，如

quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly

〔注〕： early中的�ly不是后缀，故可以把�y变�i再加�er和�est

第三节 形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法

一、原级比较的基本用法

1. 原级比较由“as＋形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)＋as ”构成“原级相同”比较句，表示两者比较；其否定式，即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as) ＋形容词或副词＋as”，而且as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰

1) Walking briskly for thirty minutes will burn as many calories as .

〔A〕 to run for fifteen minutes

〔B〕 running for fifteen minutes

〔C〕 you run for fifteen minutes

〔D〕 fifteen�minute walking

2) The gorilla(大猩猩)， while 〔A〕 not quite as curious than 〔B〕 the chimpanzee(黑猩猩)， shows more persistence 〔C〕 and memory retention(记忆力) in solving 〔D〕 a problem.

3) Alaska is twice 〔A〕 as larger 〔B〕 as 〔C〕 the next largest 〔D〕 state， Texas.

2. “as (so)＋名词＋as＋名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as

4) Thomas Jefferson’s achievements as an architect rival his contributions a politician.

〔A〕 such

〔B〕 more

〔C〕 as

〔D〕 than

5) I should say Henry is not much a writer as a reporter. (88年考题)

〔A〕 that

〔B〕 so

〔C〕 this

〔D〕 as

二、比较级

1. 比较级由“形容词(副词)比较级＋than＋…，”构成表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、�ING结构和�ED结构，有时也可省去than。

6) Natural mica(云母) of 〔A〕 a superior 〔B〕 quality is cheapest 〔C〕 to obtain than synthetic 〔D〕 mica.

7) She is older than .

〔A〕 any other girl in the group

〔B〕 any girl in the group

〔C〕 all girls in the group

〔D〕 you and me as well as the group

8) Josephine McCrackin joined 〔A〕 the “Santa Cruz Sentinel” in 1905 and， until her death fifteen years late 〔B〕 ， remained 〔C〕 active in journalistic 〔D〕 work.

2. 注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致

9) The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than .

〔A〕 ours

〔B〕 with us

〔C〕 for ours it had

〔D〕 it did for us

10) Sound travels air.

〔A〕 faster through water than through 〔B〕 faster than through water and

〔C〕 through water faster and〔D〕 where it is faster through water than through

11) Gerbrand von den Feckhout， one of Rembrand’s pupils， followed 〔A〕 the style of his teacher so implicitly that 〔B〕 his paintings 〔C〕 are sometimes confused with his master 〔D〕 .

三、最高级

1. 最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句”(如all, of all, of the tree, in the world, that has ever taken place等)

12) The more 〔A〕 fearsome of all the 〔B〕 animals in 〔C〕 the Western 〔D〕 Hemisphere is the grizzly bear.

13) Of all economic 〔A〕 problems， inflation continues to be 〔B〕 a 〔C〕 most significant in its daily impact on 〔D〕 people and business.

14) ， the most familiar to general public is the criminal jurisdiction.

〔A〕 All the activities

〔B〕 The activities

〔C〕 Of all the activities

〔D〕 It is the activities

2. 副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the

四、例题解析

1) B为正确答案。

2) B错。改为 as ，和前面的as和形容词原形curious 一起构成同程度比较。

3) B错。 改为as large。

4) C对。动词rival(胜过、匹敌)前后是两个相比较的成分achievements(成果)和 contributions(贡献)，由于前面的名词后出现了短语 as an architect，故空白处也应用as，使前后对比成分一致。

5) B为正确答案。

6) C错。应改为比较级cheaper。比较级后并不一定跟接连词than，有时在其间有名词或名词短语(被形容词所修饰)，介词短语，不定式或其他成分隔开。

7) A为正确答案。“She”作为单个不能跟全组比(C和D不对)，也不能跟全组所有相比，因为“她”也是其中一员，自然“她”不能跟自己相比。这里“She”比较的是“这组中的任何一个”，所以A对。

8) B错。应改为比较级later，因此处实为与1905年相比晚15年，故应使用比较级。

9) D为正确答案。

10) A为正确答案。

11) D错。 改为his master’s。

12) A错。 改为most。

13) C错。改为the， significant是多音节形容词，在此处应用最高级形式(在前面加 the most)，注意句中的“of all… ”。

14) C为正确答案。本句空白处缺状语，A和B全为名词短语，不符合条件；D为句子，和空白后面的句子没有任何联系，故亦应排除。只有C正确，和后面的最高级the most familiar前后呼应。

第四节 形容词和副词的特殊表达法

一、形容词与副词的同级比较： 由“as(so)…as”引出，其否定式为“not so…”或“not as…as”,考生还应注意下列含有“as”结构或短语的句子

1. as such：表示上文所指明的事或人

He is a child,and must be treated as such. 他是个孩子，必须被当作孩子对待。

2. as much：表示“与…同量”

Take as much as you like. 拿多少都行。

I would gladly have paid twice as much for it. 就是价格再贵一倍，我也会愿意把它买下的。

He as much as admitted the whole story. 他几乎全部承认了。

3. as many：表示“与…一样多”

I found six mistakes in as many lines. 我在六行中发现了六个错。

二、表示“几倍于”的比较级：用twice (两倍)，four times (四倍)，ten times (十倍)加上as … as 结构

This one is four times as big as that one. 这个是那个的四倍大。(这个比那个大三倍。) / Our campus is three times as large as yours. 我们的校园比你们的大两倍。 / He has books twice as many as she does. 他的书比她多一倍。

1) The five�year deal obligates 〔A〕 the country to buy nine million tons 〔B〕 of grain a year 〔C〕 ， three million more as 〔D〕 the old pact’s minimum.

三、“the same ＋名词＋as”表示同等比较

2) The lens of a camera performs the lens of the eye.

〔A〕 in the same function 〔B〕 the same function as

〔C〕 the function is the same as 〔D〕 and has the same function

3) The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would

have as the amount of money borrowed.

〔A〕 as the same value 〔B〕 the same value

〔C〕 value as the same 〔D〕 the value is the same

四、比较级前可用a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot,many, much等词语表示不定量，far, completely,still表示程度或更进一步

4) There are now methods for studying color vision in infants than there once were.

〔A〕 more sophisticated than

〔B〕 much more sophisticated

〔C〕 much sophisticated

〔D〕 sophisticated

5) The photographs of Mars taken by satellite are than those taken from the Earth.

〔A〕 clearest

〔B〕 the clearest

〔C〕 much clearer

〔D〕 more clearer

6) Common porpoises(海豚) are usually not considered 〔A〕 migratory， although 〔B〕 some do move 〔C〕 to more warmer 〔D〕 waters in winter.

兼有两种形式的副词

1) close与closely

close意思是"近"； closely 意思是"仔细地"

He is sitting close to me.

Watch him closely.

2) late 与lately

late意思是"晚"； lately 意思是"最近"

You have come too late.

What have you been doing lately?

3) deep与deeply

deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"

He pushed the stick deep into the mud.

Even father was deeply moved by the film.

4) high与highly

high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much

The plane was flying high.

I think highly of your opinion.

5) wide与widely

wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"

He opened the door wide.

English is widely used in the world.

6) free与freely

free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地"

You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.

You may speak freely; say what you like.

形容词副词讲解

形容词和副词

4.1 形容词及其用法

形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常， 可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。

1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。

2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。

（错） He is an ill man.

（对） The man is ill.

（错） She is an afraid girl.

（对） The girl is afraid.

这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。

3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如：

something nice

4.1 形容词及其用法

形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。

1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。

2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。

（错） He is an ill man.

（对） The man is ill.

（错） She is an afraid girl.

（对） The girl is afraid.

这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。

3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如：

something nice

4.2 以-ly结尾的形容词

1） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively， ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。

改错：(错） She sang lovely.

（错） He spoke to me very friendly.

（对） Her singing was lovely.

（对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way.

2）有些以-ly 结尾既为 形容词，也为副词。

daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early

The Times is a daily paper.

The Times is published daily.

4.3 用形容词表示类别和整体

1） 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry

The poor are losing hope.

2） 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。

the British，the English，the French，the Chinese.

The English have wonderful sense of humor.

4.4 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序

多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：

限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别--名词

a **all round table

a tall gray building

a dirty old brown shirt

a famous German medical school

an expensive Japanese sports car

典型例题:

1） Tony is going camping with ___ boys.

A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two

答案：C。由"限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --性质--名词"的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。

2) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.

A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old

答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。

3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao?

---- It was great. We visited some friends ，and spent the ___days at the seaside.

A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last

答案：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表：

限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+

those + three + beautiful + large + square

新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词

old + brown + wood + table

4.5 副词及其基本用法

副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。

一、副词的位置：

1） 在动词之前。

2） 在be动词、助动词之后。

3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。

注意：

a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。

We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.

b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。

He speaks English well.

二、副词的排列顺序：

1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。

2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。

Please write slowly and carefully.

3） 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。

改错：(错) I very like English.

(对) I like English very much.

注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。

I don’t know him well enough.

There is enough food for everyone to eat.

There is food enough for everyone to eat.

4.6 兼有两种形式的副词

1) close与closely

close意思是"近"； closely 意思是"仔细地"

He is sitting close to me.

W atch him closely.

2) late 与lately

late意思是"晚"； lately 意思是"最近"

You have come too late.

What have you been doing lately?

3) deep与deeply

deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"

He pushed the stick deep into the mud.

Even father was deeply moved by the film.

4) high与highly

high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much

The plane was flying high.

I think highly of your opinion.

5) wide与widely

wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"

He opened the door wide.

English is widely used in the world.

6) free与freely

free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地"

You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.

You may speak freely; say what you like.

4.7 形容词与副词的比较级

大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

1) 规则变化

单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。

构成法 原级 比较级 最高级

一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest

未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest

以不发音的e结尾 nice(好的) nicer nicest

的单音词和少数 large(大的) larger largest

以- le结尾的双 able（有能力的) abler ablest

音节词只加-r,-st

以一个辅音字母 big(大的) bigger biggest

结尾的闭音节单 hot热的) hotter hottest

音节词，双写结

尾的辅音字母，

再加-er，-est

"以辅音字母+y" easy(容易的) easier easiest

结尾的双音节词，busy(忙的) busier busiest

改y为i，再加

-er，-est

少数以-er，-ow clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest

结尾的双音节词 narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest

未尾加-er，-est

其他双音节词和 important(重要的)

多音节词，在前 more important

面加more，most most important

来构成比较级和 easily(容易地)

最高级。 more easily

most easily

2) 不规则变化

原级 比较级 最高级

good(好的)/ better best

well(健康的)

bad (坏的)/ worse worst

ill(有病的)

old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest

much/many(多的) more most

little(少的) less least

far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest

4.8 as + 形容词或副词原级 + as

1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。

He cannot run so/as fast as you.

2）当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。

as +形容词+ a +单数名词

as + many/much +名词

This is as good an example as the other is.

I can carry as much paper as you can..

3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。

This room is twice as big as that one.

Your room is the same size as mine.

4) 倍数+ as + adj. + as = 倍数+ then + of

This bridge is three times as long as that one.

This bridge is three times the length of that one.

Your room is twice as large as mine.

Your room is twice the size of mine.

4.9 比较级形容词或副词 + than

You are taller than I.

They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.

注意：

1）要避免重复使用比较级。

(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.

(对) He is more clever than his brother.

(对) He is clever than his brother.

2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.

(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.

3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名 词。

比较：Which is large, Canada or Australia?

Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?

She is taller than her two sisters.

She is the taller of the two sisters.

1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等

2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。

3）以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。

典型例题:

1） ---- Are you feeling ____?

---- Yes，I'm fine now.

A. any well B. any better C. quite good

D. quite better

答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.

2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.

A. more B. much more C. much

D. more much

答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。

3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.

A. the happiest time B. a more happier time

C. much happiest time D. a much happier time

答案：D。

4.11 many,old 和 far

1) 如果后接名词时， much more +不可数名词

many more +可数名词复数

2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。 elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。

My elder brother is an engineer.

Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.

3) far 有两种比较级，farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。

在美语中，father 表示距离，further表示进一步。

I have nothing further to say.

4.12 the + 最高级 + 比较范围

1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.

形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。

形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。

It is a most important problem.

=It is a very important problem.

注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。

(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.

(对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.

2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost

This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.

注意：

a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。

This is the very best.

This is much the best.

b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。

Africa is the second largest con tinent.

3) 句型转换：

Mike is the most intelligent in his class.

Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.

4) "否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。

Nothing is so easy as this.

=Nothing is easier than this.

=This is the easiest thing.

4.13 和more有关的词组

1) the more… the more… 越……就越……

The harder you work，the greater progress you'll make.

2) more B than A 与其说A不如说B

less A than B

He is more lazy than slow at his work.

= He is less slow than lazy at his work.

3) no more… than… 与……一样……，不比……多

The officials could see no more than the Emperor.

no less… than… 与……一样……

He is no less diligent than you.

4) more than 不只是，非常

She is more than kind to us all.

典型例题

1）The weather in China is different from____.

A. in America B. one in America C. America

D. that in America

答案：D. 本题意为"中国的天气比美国热。"比较的是天气而不是国家，C不能选。A没有名词，后句成分不全，排除。B和D中，B中的one常用来代替可数名词，而that可车以代替不可数或抽象名词，所以选D。

2）After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before.

A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as

答案C. 此句意为"这个厂1988能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍"。 表示倍数用"倍数+ as + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象"的句型。所以此句答案为C。

This ruler is three times as long as that one.

1) the more… the more… 越……就越……

The harder you work，the greater progress you'll make.

2) more B than A 与其说A不如说B

less A than B

He is more lazy than slow at his work.

= He is less slow than lazy at his work.

3) no more… than… 与……一样……，不比……多

The officials could see no more than the Emperor.

no less… than… 与……一样……

He is no less diligent than you.

4) more than 不只是，非常

She is more than kind to us all.

典型例题

1）The weather in China is different from____.

A. in America B. one in America C. America

D. that in America

答案：D. 本题意为"中国的天气比美国热。"比较的是天气而不是国家，C不能选。A没有名词，后句成分不全，排除。B和D中，B中的one常 用来代替可数名词，而that可车以代替不可数或抽象名词，所以选D。

2）After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before.

A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as

答案C. 此句意为"这个厂1988能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍"。 表示倍数用"倍数+ as + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象"的句型。所以此句答案为C。

This ruler is three times as long as that one.

坚定用英文怎么说？？

1.

firmness

firmness

n.坚定，坚固

2.

resolution

resolute

adj.坚决的；毅然的...resolution

n.决心；决议；坚定；解决...resolve

v.决心；（使）分解；解决

3.

be

determined

to

be

concerned

with

关于…，与…有关；...be

determined

to

坚定；果断；决心...be

fit

for

适合

4.

stability

stability

n.

稳定，稳定性；坚定，恒心。...stability

是stable的名词形式，而stabilize则是动词。