《哈姆莱特》赏析 或者是莎士比亚任意作品的赏析,要英文的

- Navigate Here -ContextPlot OverviewCharacter ListAnalysis of Major CharactersThemes, Motifs Symbols--------------------Act I, scene iAct I, scene iiAct I, scenes iii–ivAct I, scene v–Act II, scene iAct II, scene iiAct III, scene iAct III, scene iiAct III, scene iiiAct III, scene ivAct IV, scenes i–iiAct IV, scenes iii–ivAct IV, scenes v–viAct IV, scene viiAct V, scene iAct V, scene ii--------------------Important Quotations ExplainedKey FactsStudy Questions Essay TopicsQuizSuggestions for Further Reading

Themes, Motifs Symbols

Themes

Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work.

The Impossibility of Certainty

What separates Hamlet from other revenge plays (and maybe from every play written before it) is that the action we expect to see, particularly from Hamlet himself, is continually postponed while Hamlet tries to obtain more certain knowledge about what he is doing. This play poses many questions that other plays would simply take for granted. Can we have certain knowledge about ghosts? Is the ghost what it appears to be, or is it really a misleading fiend? Does the ghost have reliable knowledge about its own death, or is the ghost itself deluded? Moving to more earthly matters: How can we know for certain the facts about a crime that has no witnesses? Can Hamlet know the state of Claudius’s soul by watching his behavior? If so, can he know the facts of what Claudius did by observing the state of his soul? Can Claudius (or the audience) know the state of Hamlet’s mind by observing his behavior and listening to his speech? Can we know whether our actions will have the consequences we want them to have? Can we know anything about the afterlife?

Many people have seen Hamlet as a play about indecisiveness, and thus about Hamlet’s failure to act appropriately. It might be more interesting to consider that the play shows us how many uncertainties our lives are built upon, how many unknown quantities are taken for granted when people act or when they evaluate one another’s actions.

The Complexity of Action

Directly related to the theme of certainty is the theme of action. How is it possible to take reasonable, effective, purposeful action? In Hamlet, the question of how to act is affected not only by rational considerations, such as the need for certainty, but also by emotional, ethical, and psychological factors. Hamlet himself appears to distrust the idea that it’s even possible to act in a controlled, purposeful way. When he does act, he prefers to do it blindly, recklessly, and violently. The other characters obviously think much less about “action” in the abstract than Hamlet does, and are therefore less troubled about the possibility of acting effectively. They simply act as they feel is appropriate. But in some sense they prove that Hamlet is right, because all of their actions miscarry. Claudius possesses himself of queen and crown through bold action, but his conscience torments him, and he is beset by threats to his authority (and, of course, he dies). Laertes resolves that nothing will distract him from acting out his revenge, but he is easily influenced and manipulated into serving Claudius’s ends, and his poisoned rapier is turned back upon himself.

The Mystery of Death

In the aftermath of his father’s murder, Hamlet is obsessed with the idea of death, and over the course of the play he considers death from a great many perspectives. He ponders both the spiritual aftermath of death, embodied in the ghost, and the physical remainders of the dead, such as by Yorick’s skull and the decaying corpses in the cemetery. Throughout, the idea of death is closely tied to the themes of spirituality, truth, and uncertainty in that death may bring the answers to Hamlet’s deepest questions, ending once and for all the problem of trying to determine truth in an ambiguous world. And, since death is both the cause and the consequence of revenge, it is intimately tied to the theme of revenge and justice—Claudius’s murder of King Hamlet initiates Hamlet’s quest for revenge, and Claudius’s death is the end of that quest.

The question of his own death plagues Hamlet as well, as he repeatedly contemplates whether or not ******* is a morally legitimate action in an unbearably painful world. Hamlet’s grief and misery is such that he frequently longs for death to end his suffering, but he fears that if he commits *******, he will be consigned to eternal suffering in hell because of the Christian religion’s prohibition of *******. In his famous “To be or not to be” soliloquy (III.i), Hamlet philosophically concludes that no one would choose to endure the pain of life if he or she were not afraid of what will come after death, and that it is this fear which causes complex moral considerations to interfere with the capacity for action.

The Nation as a Diseased Body

Everything is connected in Hamlet, including the welfare of the royal family and the health of the state as a whole. The play’s early scenes explore the sense of anxiety and dread that surrounds the transfer of power from one ruler to the next. Throughout the play, characters draw explicit connections between the moral legitimacy of a ruler and the health of the nation. Denmark is frequently described as a physical body made ill by the moral corruption of Claudius and Gertrude, and many observers interpret the presence of the ghost as a supernatural omen indicating that “[s]omething is rotten in the state of Denmark” (I.iv.67). The dead King Hamlet is portrayed as a strong, forthright ruler under whose guard the state was in good health, while Claudius, a wicked politician, has corrupted and compromised Denmark to satisfy his own appetites. At the end of the play, the rise to power of the upright Fortinbras suggests that Denmark will be strengthened once again.

Motifs

Motifs are recurring structures, contrasts, or literary devices that can help to develop and inform the text’s major themes.

Incest and Incestuous Desire

The motif of ****** runs throughout the play and is frequently alluded to by Hamlet and the ghost, most obviously in conversations about Gertrude and Claudius, the former brother-in-law and sister-in-law who are now married. A subtle motif of ******uous desire can be found in the relationship of Laertes and Ophelia, as Laertes sometimes speaks to his sister in suggestively sexual terms and, at her funeral, leaps into her grave to hold her in his arms. However, the strongest overtones of ******uous desire arise in the relationship of Hamlet and Gertrude, in Hamlet’s fixation on Gertrude’s sex life with Claudius and his preoccupation with her in general.

Misogyny

Shattered by his mother’s decision to marry Claudius so soon after her hu**and’s death, Hamlet becomes cynical about women in general, showing a particular obsession with what he perceives to be a connection between female sexuality and moral corruption. This motif of misogyny, or hatred of women, occurs sporadically throughout the play, but it is an important inhibiting factor in Hamlet’s relationships with Ophelia and Gertrude. He urges Ophelia to go to a nunnery rather than experience the corruptions of sexuality and exclaims of Gertrude, “Frailty, thy name is woman” (I.ii.146).

Ears and Hearing

One facet of Hamlet’s exploration of the difficulty of attaining true knowledge is slipperiness of language. Words are used to communicate ideas, but they can also be used to distort the truth, manipulate other people, and serve as tools in corrupt quests for power. Claudius, the shrewd politician, is the most obvious example of a man who manipulates words to enhance his own power. The sinister uses of words are represented by images of ears and hearing, from Claudius’s murder of the king by pouring poison into his ear to Hamlet’s claim to Horatio that “I have words to speak in thine ear will make thee dumb” (IV.vi.21). The poison poured in the king’s ear by Claudius is used by the ghost to symbolize the corrosive effect of Claudius’s dishonesty on the health of Denmark. Declaring that the story that he was killed by a snake is a lie, he says that “the whole ear of Denmark” is “Rankly abused. . . .” (I.v.36–38).

Symbols

Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts.

Yorick’s Skull

In Hamlet, physical objects are rarely used to represent thematic ideas. One important exception is Yorick’s skull, which Hamlet discovers in the graveyard in the first scene of Act V. As Hamlet speaks to the skull and about the skull of the king’s former jester, he fixates on death’s inevitability and the disintegration of the body. He urges the skull to “get you to my lady’s chamber, and tell her, let her paint an inch thick, to this favor she must come”—no one can avoid death (V.i.178–179). He traces the skull’s mouth and says, “Here hung those lips that I have kissed I know not how oft,” indicating his fascination with the physical consequences of death (V.i.174–175). This latter idea is an important motif throughout the play, as Hamlet frequently makes comments referring to every human body’s eventual decay, noting that Polonius will be eaten by worms, that even kings are eaten by worms, and that dust from the decayed body of Alexander the Great might be used to stop a hole in a beer barrel.

Classic Books

Hamlet

Shakespeare

my dads gone crazy中文歌词

hello boys and girls

大家好

today we're gonna talk about father and daughter relationships

今天我们来讨论一下父亲和女儿的关系

do you have a daddy?

你们都有一个老爸对吧？

i'll bet you do

我猜你们绝对有

*door opens*

*门开了*

who's your daddy?

谁是你老爸？

hailie:

daddy, what're you doing?

老爸，你在干嘛呀？

beat starts

鼓点开始

eminem:

haha

哈哈

eminem hailie:

ok then! everybody, listen up!

那么好吧，大家都听好了！

eminem:

i'm goin to hell, who's comin' with me?

我要去地狱了，谁想和我一起去？

hailie:

somebody, please help him!

来人那，求你们救救他！

*giggle*

i think my dad gone crazy!

我想我爸是疯了！

verse #1:

there's no mountain i can't climb

这世上没有我爬不了的山

there's no tower too high,

没有让我觉得巍峨的塔

no plane that i can't learn how to fly

没有我不知道能飞多高的飞机

what do i gotta do to get through to you, destroy you

我要怎么样去告诉你呢，毁灭你

there ain't nothing i can't take this chainsaw to

拿着电锯我没有干不掉的东西

*hailey makes chainsaw sound*

****in' brain's brawn, and brass balls

该死的脑子和铜球（这边貌似有点问题）

i cut 'em off, i got 'em pickled and bronzed in a glass jar

我把他们都切了，然后腌泡在一个玻璃瓶里

inside of a hall, with my framed autograph,

在一个大厅里面，还有我框好的照片

sunglasses with elton john's name, on my drag wall

写着elton john的名字的太阳镜，在我的墙上

i'm out the closet, i been lying my ass off

我在房间外，光着**

all this time, me and dre been ****ing with hats off

这会儿，我和dr.dre正脱掉帽子地干着

dr dre:

suck it marshall

marshall你太搞了

eminem:

tell laura and her hu**and to back off

让laura和她丈夫回来

before i push this mother****ing button and blast off

在我按下这个该死的按钮然后爆炸之前

and launch one of these russians, and that's all

以及派出一个俄国人，就这些

*hailie makes explosion sound*

blow every ****ing thing, except afghanistan on the map, off

干掉所有的东西，除了在地图上的阿富喊

we wanna stop, we wanna knock the crap off

我们想要阻止，想要把他们清理掉

*knocking*

haley, tell 'em baby

haley，告诉他们宝贝

haley:

my dad's lost it

我爸疯了

chorus:

eminem:

there's really nothin' else to say ha, i can't explain it

实在没什么好说了，我解释不了了

hailie:

i think my dad gone crazy!

我想我爸疯了！

eminem:

a little help from hailie jade would, should tell them maybe

来自hailie的一点帮助也许应该告诉他们

hailie:

i think my dad gone crazy!

我想我爸疯了！

eminem:

theres nothing you could do to save it, could ever change me

你什么都不能做你救不了它，也不能改变我

hailie:

i think my dad gone crazy!

我想我爸疯了！

eminem:

there's noone on earth that can save me, not even halie

世界上没人可以救得了我，连halie都不行

hailie:

i think my dad gone crazy!

我想我爸疯了！

verse 2:

it's like my mother always told me

就像我妈老是告诉我

*eminem impersinates his mom*

rnrnrnrnrnrrrr, n codeine n goddamit, you little mother****er

************** 可待因 ，他妈的，你这个小王八蛋

if you aint got nothin' nice to say then don't say nothin'

如果你没有什么好听的说出来那就索性不要说了

er..

**** that shit, bitch, eat a mother****in' dick

管他呢，婊z，吃老子的鸡8

chew on a prick, and lick a million mother****in' cocks for second

咀嚼痛苦吧，然后吮吸十万个王八蛋的鸡（和谐）8

i'd rather put out a mother****ing gospel record

我还是放一盘狗屁福音磁带吧

i'd rather be a pussy-whipped bitch, eat pussy

我还是当一个被娘们鞭打的**吧，尝尝娘们

and have pussy-lips glued to my face with a clit-ring in my nose

然后让婊z的嘴唇粘在我脸上以及clit-ring在我的鼻子上（clit-ring指阴d上的钉，与唇钉类似）

then quit bringin my flos, quit giving me my ammo

然后不要带给我我的flow，不要给我我的武器

can't you see why i'm so mean? if y'all leave me alone, this wouldn't be my ammo

你难道不知道我为什么这么刻薄吗？如果你们都别来烦我，我不会把这当做我的武器

i wouldn't have to go eenie meenie minie mo

我就不需要去eenie meenie minie mo（这是一个类似于12345武松打老虎的随即选择用语）

catch a homo by his toe, man i don't know no more

抓住咦个同x恋的脚趾，兄弟我不是很清楚

am i the only ****in one who's normal any more?

我是不是唯一一个该死的正常人？

hailey:

dad

chorus

verse #3:

my songs can make you cry, take you by surprise

我的歌可以让你哭，让你惊喜

and at the same time, make you dry your eyes with the same rhyme

同时也可以一相同的旋律让你的眼泪流干

so what you're seeing is a genius at work

所以你看到的是一个正在工作地天才

which to me isn't work, so it's easy to misinterpret it at first,

对我来说不是工作，一开始很容易产生误解

cuz when i speak, it's tongue in cheek

因为当我说话的时候，是脸颊里的舌头在说话

i'd gank my ****in teeth before id ever bite my tongue

在我没咬到舌头之前先得和我的牙齿调情

i'd slice my gums, get struck by ****in' lightning twice at once

我把口香糖切成片，一天里被雷劈了两次

我

and die and come back as vanilla ice's son

然后死了接着以vanilla ice's的儿子的身份复活

and walk around the rest of my life spit on

然后闲逛着过完我的余生

and kicked and hit with shit, every time i sung

和垃圾踢打，每次我唱歌的时候

like r kelly as soon as "bump n' grind" comes on

就像R.Kelly一听到"bump n' grind" 播放的时候

more pain inside o' my brain, in the eyes of a little girl inside of a plane

在我的脑袋里有更多的痛苦，在一个在飞机里的小女孩眼里

aimed at the world trade, standin' on ronny's grave,

瞄准了世界贸易，站在ronny 的坟前

screaming at the sky, the clouds gather as clyde mathers and bonnie jade

向着天空尖叫，当云像clyde mathers and bonnie jade一样聚在一起的时候（两个大盗）

and nash briddy musta just stop it

然后nash briddy 一定要阻止它

parents are pissed, but the kids love it

家长被羞辱了，但是孩子们喜欢

nine millimeter, heater's desk, and two-seaters with meat cleavers

九毫米，暖气机的桌子，两张有切肉刀的椅子

i don't blame you, i wouldn't let hailie listen to me neither

我不怪你，我也不会让halie听这首歌的

chorus

outro:

eminem:

crazy

hailie:

*laughs*

you're funny daddy!

百度出来的.不知道对不对,

帮我举一些mis做前缀的词语

mislead 误导

misunderstand 误解

mistake 弄错

misdirect 指错方向

misinterpret 曲解

mispronounce 发错音

misplace 放错地方

miscount 数错

misguide 使误入歧途

mishear 听错

E03｜ flipped buddy beware Chapter 3 笔记

第三章后半部分布莱斯谈论朱莉时的心态开始变化，他原本以为朱莉忽视他后他会高兴，但是没有。布莱斯甚至不自主的认真观察朱莉，注意到她的很多细节。最后还想让朱莉知道他在想他。

布莱斯以及发现自己喜欢上了朱莉，但为什么又不告诉朱莉呢？

因为在他们相处的六年里，布莱斯和朱莉属于不同世界的两个小孩。朱莉热情开朗，布莱斯自命不凡，虚荣还带点小男生的怂。

他很纳闷自己为什么会对那个他讨厌的女孩子产生好感。对于布莱斯这样的男孩子来说，喜欢上自己讨厌的女孩子有些不可思议。不过这和生活中的人们没有太大的区别，有时候很难说一定就能找到那个自己喜欢的类型，并且还可以和自己喜欢的人谈恋爱。

大多数时候，我们都是被那些和自己不一样的人吸引，然后开始一段新的旅程。和布莱斯一样，当有一个自己讨厌的女孩子喜欢上自己时，第一反应就是逃避。不愿意去接纳她，朱莉做的事情在布莱斯看来都是不可理喻的，这就是为什么布莱斯发现自己喜欢朱莉之后他不肯面对自己的情感，喜欢上自己讨厌的人会让布莱斯觉得没面子。

结尾这段布莱斯就坦诚自己内心。After all,the last thing I needed was for Juli Baker to think I missed her.

这段外公的吃穿住行的表述很细腻，拿来用到我们写作中就很高级了。

My grandfather's big man with a meaty nose and greased-back salt-and-pepper hair.He lives in house slippers and a sports coat,and I've never seen a whisker on him.They grow, but he shaves them off like three times a day.It's a real recreational activity for him.

Besides his meaty nose, he's also got big meaty hands.I suppose you's notice his hands regardless.but what makes you realize just how beefy they are is his wedding ring.That thing's never going to come off,and even though my mother says that's how it should be,I think he ought to get it cut off.Another few pounds and that ring's going to amputate his finger.

本章有关于餐桌上的情景我们日常生活也会遇到，下面这段素材非常好的口语素材。

At dinner my mother asked me why I was so sulky, and she kept looking from me to my grandfather.Granddad didn't seem to need any salt, which was a good thing because I might have thrown the shaker at him.

My sister and dad were all business as usual, though.Lynetta ate about two raisiness out if her carrot salad, then peeled the skin and meat off her chicken wing and nibbled gristle off the bone, while my father filled up airspace talking about office politics and the need for a shakedown in upper management.

No one was listening to him-no one ever does when he gets on one of his if-I-ran-the-circus jags-but for once Mom wasn't even pretending.And for once she wasn't trying to convince Lynatta that dinner was delicious either. She just kept eyeing me and granddad, trying to pick up on why we were miffed at each other.

整理了我们日常表达会用到的词链：

her eyes are red around the edges她的眼睛四周都红了

the words  never seem to come out这些话似乎永远也说不出来

I just wanted to be left alone我只想一个人呆着

you would never know it if you didn't actually look. 如果你没有实实在在看到，你永远不会知道。

a girl like that doesn't live next door to everyone这样的女孩可不是每个人都能遇到的

for the first time in ages多年来第一次

from what I can tell据我所知

would it have done any good 这样做有什么好处吗

as a matter of fact 确切地说;事实上;恰恰相反; 确切地说; 事实上

hold that rodent up by its tail抓住那只啮齿动物的尾巴

all business as usual一切如常

I hadn't done anything wrong我又没有做错什么

I Feel sorry for myself：自怨自艾

I Feel sorry for you：这句话一般是不会当着别人的面说的，就像中文表达“你真可悲”一样，十分具有嘲讽，贬义的感觉。表达同情用I am sorry to hear that

wait at the stoplight等红灯

Holly waited at a stoplight, impatient for the signal to change.霍利在交通信号灯处不耐烦地等着信号改变

that／ it's much too dangerous 它太危险 ; 它太过于危险

feel like hearing first thing in the morning  早上第一件事就是想听 

feel like doing sth 想要做某事 ; 想做某事 ; 喜欢做某事 ; 想要干某事

朗文解释：don't get me wrong here 不要误解我；大家可别误会

spoken used when you think someone may understand your remarks wrongly, or be offended by them

mutant tangle of gnarly branches歪七扭八的树枝

I couldn't seem to stop thinking about Juli我似乎一直在想朱莉

短语搭配

take a little friendly concern有点善意的关心

beyond belief难以置信

** have prior knowledge事先知悉; 先验知识

press down the crease 把折痕压下去

keep in mind that 记住，牢记

feel sort of tortured感觉有点受折磨

be mad at me生我的气

roll her eyes 翻白眼

flop down趴倒，重重地坐下或躺下

a little overboard有点过分

go overboard，意思是对某事过度......或过分..，表示一个人对某件事过分关心或过分激动

朗文解释：to do or say something that is too  extreme  for a particular situation

I might have gone a little overboard knowing you were coming to visit. 得知你要来，我可能有点过分激动了

kind of weird 有点奇怪－kind of 表示有点儿的意思，后面加形容词

stare out the window凝视窗外

crossword puzzles填字游戏; 纵横填字谜; 纵横字谜

track stocks 追踪股票 

front-page coverage 头版新闻 

vacant lot／lots 空场地，空地皮;

the lot

朗文解释：especially British English the whole of an amount or number of things, people etc

I think that’s the lot (=everything is included).

aesthetic sensibilities美感

screw up弄糟,搞砸了

clown around with someone 胡闹

朗文解释：to behave in a silly or funny way

Stop clowning around!

big chunks of bark大块树皮

for the world to hear让全世界都听到

mutant  foliage 畸形叶子

take/hold **／sth hostage 挟持某人当作人质

be a goner已死者；无望的人，无法挽救的人；落魄的人

it‘s a goner完蛋了没救了

an iron backbone有骨气

a royal pain十足的讨厌鬼

bordered on friendliness   bordered on 接近于

blow ** off 甩掉某人，放某人鸽子，拒绝某人

half the time一半时间；经常

lives in house slippers and a sport coat穿着拖鞋和运动服

whip her hand through the air她的手在空中挥舞

固定搭配

all of a sudden突然地，出乎意料地

talk up宣扬；热烈地讨论；夸大

for a second ＝for a moment一会儿，片刻

for a second time 又一次

talk one out of it 劝说某人不要做某事

talk me out of it 说服我

Come of age 到达法定年龄、成年

channel  into 通过一种渠道传送

plump up （通过摇抖或拍打）使膨松，使松软鼓起

blow over (风暴)过去,(忧虑)消失， 被忘掉

not that I could = I do not could

not that 放在句首表否定，显得前面的话不重要

朗文解释：used before a sentence or phrase to mean the opposite of what follows it, and to make the previous  sentence seem less important

Sarah has a new boyfriend – not that I care (=I do not care)

in somebody’s/something’s wake

朗文解释：behind or after someone or something 

The car left clouds of dust in its wake.

scramble up  [ˈskræmbl ʌp]攀上,爬上,扒拢 

make a mental picture在脑海中勾勒画面

make  a  mental  note  of 心记,默记,记住

a buffer zone缓冲区

a comfort zone舒适区

on the loose散漫；放荡

out of nowhere不知打哪儿来；突然冒出来；莫名其妙的出现

wrench my neck扭脖子

drop off 让……下车

di**ember a body 肢解尸体

in ages＝很久  for a long time  

come off举行，成功；表现；脱离

wound  up 紧张的；兴奋的

for once仅此一次

For Once In My Life 一生爱一回 ; 一生一次 ; 一生爱一人

And all for once 倾尽所有 ; 一切的过往 ; 一切只发生一次 ; 恒久如一

for once and always 一劳永逸地

sneak a peek偷看一眼

weird out使感到纳闷，使人感到纳闷诡异，不自在

hole up 躲藏；把…监禁

punch the number拨号码

hang up挂断**；搁置，拖延

生词

brigade  [brɪˈɡeɪd] 旅；大部队；队列

pushy 有进取心的；爱出风头的；有冲劲的；固执己见的

the world's peskiest,bossiest,most know-it-all female

peskiest pesky 讨厌的，烦人的

bossiest bossy专横的；浮雕装饰的；爱指挥他人的

know-it-all自以为无所不知的人

limb 肢，臂；分支；枝干

limbs and trunk肢体

crook弯曲，成钩形

brick-laying 砌砖

gutter路旁排水沟; 阴沟

scourge    n.祸害; 祸根; 灾害

boa constrictor 巨蚺(南美蟒，捕食时把猎物缢死)

beady-eyed 机警地盯着的; 目光锐利的

yak yakking     n.牦牛(生活于中亚);v.没完没了地说些无聊的话

gnarl (木材的)节,瘤

gulp  [ɡʌlp] v.狼吞虎咽; 大口吞咽; 匆匆吞下

nigthmares 噩梦; 梦魇

wrench扭伤；猛扭；曲解；折磨

specifically特别地；明确地

commotion 骚动；暴乱

slump 瘫倒（肩或脑袋）耷拉着

mortify 抑制；苦修；使…受辱

blow-by-blow 详尽的；逐一记录的

Every morning we had to listen to the sound of herblow-by-blow trafficreport.

每天早上我们不得不听她一遍又一遍的交通预报

five stories up in the tree在五层楼高的树上

stories  这里是story 或 storey的复数，1 story 等于 3.3 米

perch鲈鱼; 高位；栖木；杆

gunning at full throttle 开足马力

gun用枪射击；加大油门快速前进

throttle流阀；[车辆] 风门；喉咙

lopsided不平衡的，倾向一方的

naked 裸体的；无装饰的

grind磨碎；磨快

derailleur [dɪˈreɪlər] 装有变速器的自行车

rusty 生锈的，腐蚀的；铁锈色的，锈色的；迟钝的

poncho [ˈpɑːntʃoʊ] 雨披

Salt-and-pepper深浅相间的，黑白相间的

summon 召唤；召集；鼓起；振作

whisker胡须；腮须

beefy像牛肉的；结实的；健壮的

amputate 切除；截肢

stalk追踪，潜近；高视阔步

flinch  v.(突然)退缩; 畏缩

di**iss开除，解散（di**iss的过去分词）；摒弃

fume对……十分恼火；冒烟，冒气；熏（尤指木材）

sulky 生气的；阴沉的

shaker振动器；混和器；调酒器

gristle [ˈɡrɪsl] 软骨；软骨结构

shakedown调整，整顿；临时床铺；勒索；彻底搜查

miff／miffed有点生气的，稍有点恼火的

unsolicited   [ˌʌnsəˈlɪsɪtɪd]. 未经请求的；主动提供的

edification启迪；教诲；精神修养

stump树桩；残余部分；假肢

sucker美俚家伙，玩意儿；容易上当的傻瓜 [非正式]

budge 使让步；移动；使改变态度或意见

misinterpret  [ˌmɪsɪnˈtɜːrprət]  曲解，误解

俚语

the front-room window文化背景

front是前厅 国外的那种房子才有。front room一定是最靠近大门的，living room可以里面些)

front-room 

朗文解释：the  main  room in a house where you usually sit  living room

与时间有关的俚语

at the very last minute 在最后一刻，一分钟

Hit the big time 大获成功

big-time  一流的

big time 可以理解为一个人事业的顶峰时期；高光时刻；欢乐时光

In the nick of time＝Crunch time 在关键时刻，紧要关头

Time off 是时候离开了

Around the clock 全天候，昼夜不断的

Against the clock 争分夺秒

Call it a day/night 到此为止

Late in the day为时已晚、已失时机

In the cold light of day有时间冷静考虑时、在头脑更清醒些的第二天早晨

Days are numbered某人生命已经时日无多

In the blink of an eye 眨眼之间，形容某事发生很快