as在考研英语中的用法

用法：

第一，as有“作为…，担任…”的意思（2011年考研真题，阅读理解1的第一句：the decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan as its next music director has…纽约爱乐乐团决定聘请艾伦担任下一任的音乐总监…）

第二，as作连词，引导原因状从“由于…”（2010年真题part B的A选项：as the recession is looming largerpeople are getting anxious.由于经济衰退迫在眉睫，人们越来越焦虑。）

第三，as“与…一样，如…一样”（2009真题阅读理解1，第二段第一句：so it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation）

第四，as“…时，在…时”（09真题阅解4末段：as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New World for religion.有个神职人员遇到海边的群众时，就曾听到有人开玩笑说他们不是因为宗教的原因才到新大陆来的。）

这些是我自己在做题时找出来的，应该还有其他用法，楼主自己再看看。比如，as表伴随“随着…”，表让步“尽管，然而”。

请提供较为详细的商务英语词汇！

经贸英语实用版

a minimum living standard system 最低生活保障系统

Account 帐户

Accounting equation 会计等式

Accounting system 会计系统

All Risks 一切险

American Accounting Association 美国会计协会

American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会

Articulation 勾稽关系

Assets 资产

Audit 审计

bad account 坏帐

Balance sheet 资产负债表

bear market 熊市

blank endorsed 空白背书

Bookkeepking 簿记

bull market 牛市

Business entity 企业个体

Capital stock 股本

cargo receipt 承运货物收据

Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测

catalogue 商品目录

Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书

Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书

Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师

China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国***

China's "Big Four" commercial banks中国四大商业**

close-ended fund 封闭式基金

commission 佣金

consignee 收货人

Corporation 公司

Cost accounting 成本会计

cost and freightCFR 成本加运费价格

cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加运保费

Cost principle 成本原则

Creditor 债权人

cut a melon 分红

dead account 呆帐

Deflation 通货紧缩

delivery 交货

Disclosure 批露

dividend，bonus stock 股息，红利

downturn 低迷时期

endorsed 背书

enforce stockholding system 实行股份制

Expenses 费用

export department 出口部

External users 外部使用者

F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安险

F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险

face value 面值

fees－for－tax reFORM 费改税

Financial accounting 财务会计

Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会

Financial activities 筹资活动

Financial forecast 财务预测

Financial statement 财务报表

foreign exchange reservers 外汇储备

futures market 期货市场

Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则

General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息

genetically－modified products 基因改良产品

Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设

Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室

Hook Damage 钩损险

import department 进口部

Income statement 损益表

income tax 所得税

indicative price 参考价格

Inflation 通货膨涨

Inquiry 询盘

Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会

Institute of Management Accountants管理会计师协会

Integrity 整合性

Internal auditing 内部审计

Internal control structure 内部控制结构

Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署

Internal users 内部使用者

Investing activities 投资活动

knowledge-based economy 知识经济

labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济

Liabilities 负债

（M0）money in circulation 流通中的现金

（M1） narrow money 狭义货币

（M2） broad money 广义货币

Management accounting 管理会计

marine bills of lading 海运提单

national bonds 国债

nationalize；nationalization 国有化

Negative cash flow 负现金流量

non-perFORMing loan 不良贷款

non-work income 非劳动收入

notify 被通知人

open-ended fund 开放式基金

Operating activities 经营活动

order 订货

outstanding of deposits 存款余额

Owner's equity 所有者权益

partial shipment 分批装运

Partnership 合伙企业

Positive cash flow 正现金流量

press conference 记者招待会

price list 价目表

privatize；privatization 私有化

proactive fiscal measures 积极的财政政策

promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises 提高企业自**

public relations department公关部

publicly owned economy 公有经济

recession 衰退时期

rectify the market order 整顿市场秩序

reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持

restraint of trade 贸易管制

Retained earning 留存利润

Return of investment 投资回报

Return on investment 投资报酬

Revenue 收入

Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险

Risk of Leakage 渗漏险

Risk of odor 串味险

Risk of Rust 锈蚀险

sales terms and conditions销售条件

Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会

shareholding system; joint-stock system 股份制

shipping order 托运单

Shortage Risk 短缺险

Sole proprietorship 独资企业

Solvency 清偿能力

specification 规格

Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设

state stock reduction 国有股减持

Statement of cash flow 现金流量表

Statement of financial position 财务状况表

steady monetary policies 稳健的货币政策

Stockholders 股东

Stockholders' equity 股东权益

streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏观调控作用

Strikes Risk **险

T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险

Tax accounting 税务会计

technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济

the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数

the first majority shareholder 第一大股东

the Hang Seng index 恒生指数

thin trade 交易薄弱

to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股

to expand domestic demand 扩大内需

value-added tax 增值税

W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险

War Risk 战争险

Window dressing 门面粉饰

year-on-year 与去年同期数字相比的

股息，红利 dividend or bonus stock

国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)

人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP

产值 output value

鼓励 give incentive to

投入 input

宏观控制 exercise macro-control

优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure

输入活力 bring vigor into

改善经济环境 improve economic environment

整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order

有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation

非公有成分 non-public sectors

主要成分 dominant sector

实在的 tangible

全体会议 plenary session

解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces

引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley

举措 move

实事求是 seek truth from facts

引进、输入 importation

和平演变 peaceful evolution

试一下 have a go (at sth.)

精华、精粹、实质 quintessence

家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system

搞活企业 invigorate enterprises

商品经济 commodity economy

基石 cornerstone

零售 retail

发电量 electric energy production

有色金属 nonferrous metals

人均收入 per capita income

使负担 be saddled with

营业发达的公司 going concerns

被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business

善于接受的 receptive

增额、增值、增长 increment

发展过快 excessive growth

抽样调查 data from the sample survey

扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)

实际增长率 actual growth rate

国际收支 international balance of payments

流通制度 circulation system

总工资 total wages

分配形式 FORMs of distribution

风险资金 risk funds

管理不善 poor management

一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points

各尽所能，按劳/需分配。

from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.

经济结构改革。

reFORM in economic structure

剩余劳动力。

surplus labor经营机制

operative mechani**发挥市场的调节作用

to give play to the regulatory role of the market经济和law的杠杆

economic and legal leverages经济计划和市场调节相结合

to combine economic planning with market regulation计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制

a mechani** that combines planned economy and market regulation

取消国家对农产品的统购统销

to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products

改革重点转移到城市

the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设

The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.

逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。

to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.

社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。

The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.

国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。

The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people;it is the leading force in the national economy.国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。

The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.

农业 farming

林业 forestry

畜牧业 animal hu**andry

副业 sideline production

渔业 fishing

第一产业 primary industry

第二产业 secondary industry

第三产业 tertiary industry

生产资料 means of production

生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence

生产关系 relations of production

生产力 productive forces

公有制 public ownership

私有制 private ownership

全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people

社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership

厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste

外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise

合资企业 joint venture

合作企业 cooperative enterprise

独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise

世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization

中国人民** People's Bank of China

信息产业部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry

国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission

贷款无力偿还 loan defaults

一、对外贸易与外贸关系Foreign Trade Foreign Trade Relationship

（一）

They mainly trade with Japanese firms.

他们主要和日本商行进行贸易。

For the past five years, we have done a lot of trade with your company.

在过去的五年中，我们与贵国进行了大量的贸易。

Our trade is conducted on the basis of equality.我们是在平等的基础上进行贸易。

There has been a slowdown in the wool trade with you.和你们的羊毛贸易已有所减少。

Our foreign trade is continuously expanding.我们的对外贸易不断发展。

Trade in leather has gone up (down) 3%.皮革贸易上升（下降）了百分之三。

Trade in general is improving.贸易情况正在好转。

Our company mainly trades in arts and crafts.我们公司主要经营手工艺品。

They are well-known in trade circles.他们在贸易界很有名望。

We trade with people in all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.

我们在平等互利的基础上和各国人民进行贸易。

To respect the local custom of the buying country is one important aspect of China's foreign policy.尊重买方国家的风俗习惯是我国贸易政策的一个重要方面。

Our purpose is to explore the possibilities of developing trade with you.

我们的目的是和你们探讨一下发展贸易的可能性。

Words and Phrases

foreign trade 对外贸易

overseas trade 海外贸易

international trade 国际贸易

to trade with 和...进行贸易

to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重

to do business in a sincere way 做生意诚恳

to make a deal 做一笔交易

deal 交易，经营，处理，与...交往

to deal in 经营，做生意

to explore the possibilities of 探讨...的可能性

trade circles 贸易界

to handle 经营某商品

to trade in 经营某商品

business scope/frame 经营范围

trading firm/house 贸易行，商行

（二）

Can we do a barter trade?咱们能不能做一笔易货贸易呢？

Is it still a direct barter trade?这还算是一种直接的易货贸易吗？

If you agree to our proposal of a barter trade, we'll give you paper in exchange for your timber.如果你方同意我们进行易货贸易的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。

Shall we sign a triangle trade agreement?我们订一个三角贸易协议好吗？

A triangle trade can be carried out among the three of us.我们三方可进行三角贸易。

Compensation trade is, in fact, a kind of loan.补偿贸易实际上是一种信贷。

We may agree to do processing trade with you.我们同意与你们进行来料加工贸易。

If you're interested in leasing trade, please let us know.如果你们有意做租赁贸易，请告诉我们。

We wonder whether you do counter trade.我们不知道你们是否做抵偿贸易。

Words and Phrases

trade by commodities 商品贸易

visible trade 有形贸易

invisible trade 无形贸易

barter trade 易货贸易

bilateral trade 双边贸易

triangle trade 三角贸易

multilateral trade 多边贸易

counter trade 对销贸易；抵偿贸易

counter purchase 互购贸易

buy-back 回购贸易

compensation trade 补偿贸易

processing trade 来料加工贸易

assembling trade 来料装配贸易

leasing trade 租赁贸易

in exchange for 用...交换...

trade agreement 贸易协议

（三）

We want to develop direct contact with Continental buyers for ourselves.

我们想为自己的公司同欧洲大陆的买主建立起直接的联系。

We see that your firm specializes in Light Industrial Goods, and we are willing to establish business relationship with you.

得知贵公司专门经营轻工业品，我们愿意与贵公司建立业务关系。

We are one of the largest importers of Electric Goods in this city, and we wish to establish business relationship with you.

我们是此地最大的电器进口商之一，愿意与你们建立业务关系。

We are willing to enter into business relationship with your company on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.

我们愿在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。

Our two countries have had trade relations for ten years.

我们两国之间已经有了10年的贸易关系。

We've never had any difficulties with our Chinese partners,and we'd like to make as many new contacts as we can.

和中国同行共事从来没有什么困难，希望今后我们之间尽可能多地建立新的关系。

We have made a very good start in our business with Japan.

我们和日本在业务上有了良好的开端。

Our company is thinking of expanding its business relationship with China.

我公司想扩大与中国的贸易关系。

As is known, we set great store by the trade relationship with the third world countries.

众所周知，我们十分重视同第三世界国家的贸易关系。

We look forward to reactivating our business relationship.

我们盼望我们的业务关系重新活跃起来。

We shall welcome a chance to renew our friendly relationship.

很高兴能有机会来恢复我们的友好关系。

We'll try our best to widen our business relationship with you.

我们将尽力扩大同你们的贸易关系。

We're writing you in order to establish business relationship.

我们写此信是为了与你方建立业务关系。

The arrangement will contribute to cement our pleasant relationship.

此项安排将有助于巩固我们良好的关系。

We're willing to restore our business relationship.

我们希望能恢复贸易关系。

It will be advantageous if steps are taken to resume our business relationship on the basis of mutual benefit.

如果我们采取措施在互利的基础上恢复业务关系，对我们都是有利的。

The depressed market results in the stagnation of trade.

市场萧条导致贸易停滞。

We have been doing quite well in our business, we are willing to open an account with you.

我们的生意一直做得不错，希望能与你们建立帐户往来关系。

Words and Phrases

business association 业务联系，交往

business connection 业务联系

close relationship 密切的关系

closer ties 更密切的关系

to establish(enter into, set up)business relationship 建立业务关系

to continue business relationship 继续业务关系

to present business relationship 保持业务关系

to improve business relationship 改善业务关系

to promote business relationship 促进业务关系

to speed up business relationship 加快业务关系的发展

to enlarge (widen) business relationship 扩大业务关系

to restore (resume) business relationship 恢复业务关系

to interrupt business relationship 中断业务关系

to cement business relationship 巩固业务关系

（四）

When could you introduce me to your sister company?

什么时候把贵公司的兄弟公司介绍给我们？

Would you please introduce us to some of the most reliable exporters of Chinese handicrafts?

请向我们推荐一些最可靠的中国手工艺品出口商，可以吗？

If you are interested in dealing, with us in other products of our company, please inform us of your requirements as well as your banker's name and address.

如果你们有意经营我公司其他产品，请告知你方要求及往来**的名称和地址。

Because of the rapid development of our business in Asia, we think it's necessary to open a branch at the following address.

鉴于我们在亚洲地区业务的迅速发展，有必要在下列地点设立分公司。

We've often expressed our interest in investing in China.

我们一直对在中国投资很感兴趣。

Our abundant resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages they invest here.

我们丰富的资源和稳定的政策为外商投资提供了有利条件。

Thank you for your manner of business cooperation.

我们对你们的合作态度非常满意。

We have been working on expanding our scope of cooperation with China.

我们一直努力设法扩大与中国的合作范围。

We believe in long-term cooperation with China because we view the future as bright.

我们相信与中国长期合作的前途是光明的。

Words and Phrases

trade prospects/outlook 贸易前景

trade cooperation 贸易合作

technological cooperation 技术合作

business cooperation 业务合作

cooperative relationship 合作关系

the scope of cooperation 合作范围

Additional Words and Phrases

trade fair 贸易展销会

trade show 贸易展览

trade agreement 贸易协议

to establish arrangement 达成协议

to reach an agreement 达成协议

trade terms/clause 贸易条款

trade balance 贸易平衡

to conclude a business transaction 达成贸易交易

to work with 与...共事

business activities 经济活动

business house 商行；商号

trading department/mechanics 贸易机构

trade association 贸易协会

the foreign trade department 对外贸易部门

C.C.P.I.T.( China Council for the Promotion of International Trade)中国国际贸易促进会

Commercial Counselor's Office中国使馆的商务处

Chamber of Commerce 商会

trading partnership 经营合伙人

foreign trade personnel 外贸工作者

trading center 贸易中心

trading market 贸易市场

trade**an/trade peoples 商人，零售商

求把下面一段话翻译成英语，急。谢绝机器翻译。

Despite the fact that, in the wake of high speed economic growth, unemployment rate has moved downward in recent years, however, the eruption of America's "Sub-prime loan" crisis already has broad negative impact on China's and the globe's economic growth, and since the third quarter of last year, there was a huge downward slide in China's export, as a result of the impact of decreased demand of the American and international markets and the rising of domestic labour cost. the pulling effect that export has on the growth of national economy also declines consequently. Simultaneously, owing to the many years' continued expansion of China's fixed capital investment, the pulling effect of investment on economy has also further become weakened. The combined effect of those factors prompts China's economic growth to be faced with an accelerated downward pressure, which would undoubtedly make it more difficult to bring unemployment under control. Hence, it is necessary for us to unite and change globe's and domestic situation (condition),and timely adjust the macro policy for economic growth and unemployment control, in order to realise the positive interaction between economic growth and expansion of obtaining employment.

5.1 Close link of expanding internal demand and expansion of obtaining employment to economic growth is the foundation of broadening employment

attainment. International financial crisis is still spreading, and China's economic growth has also started to slide downward as a result, we should expand internal (domestic) demand under the circumstances of weak external demand, so that we could protect our economic growth and at the same time reduce unemployment. Because, maintaining national economy's speedy, sustained and steady growth is not only conducive to the prevention of cyclical unemployment, but it is also beneficial to raising effective employment attainment rate, enlarge the scope of employment. Conversely, the increase in employment would enable the effective use of labour resources, and increase labourers' income, thus promote economic growth. However, this does not mean that economic growth would certainly produce growth in employment attainment, as this kind of pulling effect still requires various types of influencing factors such as economic growth mode etc.,

Economic growth is unable to turn to the expansion of employment attainment opportunity. In other words, it still requires the cooperation of corresponding macroeconomic policy, in order to realise the positive interaction between economic growth and expansion of employment attainment. In the process of expanding domestic demand and

stimulating economic growth, one needs to pay great attention to the overall plan of various production technique's progress, properly manage the development of relationship between labour intensive; capital intensive and technology intensive types of productions, so as to guarantee the realization of employment attainment growth with economic growth speed as prerequisite.

Currently, in order to withstand the unfavourable impact of international economic environment, the following measures can be taken

to expand domestic demand: enlarge consumptions, especially those of the residents; continue to adjust income allocation structure, increase low income group's income and peasants' subsidy; increase government's expenditure, accelerate municipal administration's infrastructures and public facilities construction, improve people's livelihood; speed up the carrying forward of energy saving work; stabilize the real estate market and regulate market's rules and orders, conscientiously implement

differential taxation and credit policies, encourage and support rational housing spending and promote steady and healthy development of real estate market etc., However, it needs to prevent blind and excessive expansion; avoid inducing new bubble.

When resolving present issues, attention must be paid to the hidden and potential problems and closely follow the situation so as to discover new situation and new symptom in good time, and do not accumulate problems until they are big. An important lesson from the American sub-prime loan crisis which happened during the last round's economic cyclical low ebb¾ it began in 2001, in order to prevent serious economic decline and to stimulate pick up, a policy, of flexibility and lacking in supervision was adopted, which led to the build up of real estate bubble in 2004, around the economic peak, and finally brought about the serious crisis in 2007-2008.

Many measures to expand spending had been take during the attempt to maintain growth and enlarge domestic demand, such as raising the income of middle and low income residents, improve various social safeguard system, nurture spending hot spots, stabilize and expand huge spending on houses and cars etc., expand public services spending in the aspects of education, health, and culture etc.,

The expansion of investment still could lead to the increase of investment rate during the stage of China's industrialization, and the processes of China's accelerated urbanization and the upgrade of spending structure with regards to housing and transport.

In the wake of China's synthesizing the strengthening of national power,

there is a special point of difference between the current investment expansion and the previous one: the current one pays great attention various projects that relate directly to the improvement of people's livelihood, such as government's safeguard on the increase of the degree of power of investing in housing construction. There is a special relationship between investment and spending that has to be clearly identified. This lies in the international standardization which stipulates that, in calculating national economic statistic, housing constructions are treated as "investment" and included in the expenditure method for items in the "fixed capital formation" of domestic total production value; yet when residents purchase houses for their own use, it is supposed to be treated as spending as far as the residents' livelihood expenditure is concerned, however, only a **all

amount of depreciation charges are included in the item of "final expenditure" during the yearly statistical calculation.

In other words, houses are treated as special products which are more regarded as " investment" and much less treated as "spending" in the yearly statistical calculation. When a nation is in the peak period of housing construction, investment rate would appear to be relatively high. From the long term view, after the enlargement of residents' house statistics base, spending rate would be raised in statistics.

求货币**学（金融学）中英词汇对照表

division of labor 劳动分工

commodity money 商品货币

legal tender 法定货币

fiat money 法定通货

a medium of exchange 交换媒介

legal sanction 法律制裁

face value 面值

liquid assets 流动资产

illiquidl assets 非流动资产

the liquidity scale 流动性指标

real estate 不动产

checking accounts,demand deposit,checkable deposit 活期存款

time deposit 定期存款

negotiable order of withdrawal accounts 大额可转让提款单

money market mutual funds 货币市场互助基金

repurchase agreements 回购协议

certificate of deposits 存单

bond 债券

stock 股票

travelers'checks 旅行支票

**all-denomination time deposits 小额定期存款

large-denomination time deposits 大额定期存款

bank overnight repurchase agreements **隔夜回购协议

bank long-term repurchase agreements **长期回购协议

thrift institutions 存款机构

financial institution 金融机构

commercial banks 商业**

a means of payment 支付手段

a store of value 储藏手段

a standard of value 价值标准

reserve 储备

note 票据

discount 贴现

circulate 流通

central bank 中央**

the Federal Reserve System 联邦储备系统

credit union 信用合作社

paper currency 纸币

credit creation 信用创造

branch banking **分行制

unit banking 单一**制

out of circulation 退出流通

capital stock 股本

at par 以票面价值计

electronic banking 电子**

banking holding company 公司**

the gold standard 金本位

the Federal Reserve Board 联邦储备委员会

the stock market crash 股市风暴

reserve ratio 准备金比率

deficit 亏损

roll 展期

wholesale 批发

default 不履约

auction 拍卖

collateralize 担保

markup 价格的涨幅

dealer 交易员

broker 经纪人

pension funds 养老基金

face amount 面值

commerical paper 商业票据

banker's acceptance **承兑汇票

Fed fund 联邦基金

eurodollar 欧洲美元

treasury bills 国库券

floating-rate 浮动比率

fixed-rate 固定比率

default risk 拖欠风险

credit rating 信誉级别

tax collection 税收

money market 货币市场

capital market 资本市场

original maturity 原始到期期限

surplus funds 过剩基金

宏观经济的 macroeconomic

通货膨胀 inflation

破产 insolvency

有偿还债务能力的 solvent

合同 contract

汇率 exchange rate

紧缩信贷 tighten credit creation

私营部门 private sector

财政管理机构 fiscal authorities

宽松的财政政策 slack fiscal policy

税法 tax bill

财政 public finance

财政部 the Ministry of Finance

平衡预算 balanced budget

继承税 inheritance tax

货币主义者 monetariest

增值税 VAT (value added tax)

收入 revenue

总需求 aggregate demand

货币化 monetization

赤字 deficit

经济不景气 recession

a period when the economy of a country is not

successful, business conditions are bad, industrial

production and trade are at a low level and there

is a lot of unemployment

经济好转 turnabout

复苏 recovery

成本推进型 cost push

货币供应 money supply

生产率 productivity

劳动力 labor force

实际工资 real wages

成本推进式通货膨胀 cost-push inflation

需求拉动式通货膨胀 demand-pull inflation

双位数通货膨胀 double- digit inflation

极度通货膨胀 hyperinflation

长期通货膨胀 chronic inflation

治理通货膨胀 to fight inflation

最终目标 ultimate goal

坏的影响 adverse effect

担保 ensure

贴现 discount

萧条的 sluggish

认购 subscribe to

支票帐户 checking account

货币控制工具 instruments of monetry control

借据 IOUs(I owe you)

本票 promissory notes

货币总监 controller of the currency

拖收系统 collection system

支票清算或结算 check clearing

资金划拨 transfer of funds

可以相信的证明 credentials

改革 fashion

被缠住 entangled

货币联盟 Monetary Union

再购协议 repo

精明的讨价还价交易 horse-trading

欧元 euro

公共债务 membership criteria

汇率机制 REM

储备货币 reserve currency

劳动密集型 labor-intensive

股票交易所 bourse

竞争领先 frontrun

牛市 bull market

非凡的牛市 a raging bull

规模经济 scale economcies

买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价 bid-ask spreads

期货（股票） futures

经济商行 brokerage firm

回报率 rate of return

股票 equities

违约 default

现金外流 cash drains

经济人佣金 brokerage fee

存款单 CD(certificate of deposit)

营业额 turnover

资本市场 capital market

布雷顿森林体系 The Bretton Woods System

经常帐户 current account

套利者 arbitrager

远期汇率 forward exchange rate

即期汇率 spot rate

实际利率 real interest rates

货币政策工具 tools of monetary policy

**倒闭 bank failures

跨国公司 MNC ( Multi-National Corporation)

商业** commercial bank

商业票据 comercial paper

利润 profit

本票，期票 promissory notes

监督 to monitor

佣金（经济人） commission brokers

套期保值 hedge

有价证券平衡理论 portfolio balance theory

外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves

固定汇率 fixed exchange rate

浮动汇率 floating/flexible exchange rate

货币选择权（期货） currency option

套利 arbitrage

合约价 exercise price

远期升水 forward premium

多头买升 buying long

空头卖跌 selling short

按市价订购股票 market order

股票经纪人 stockbroker

国际货币基金 the IMF

七国集团 the G-7

监督 surveillance

同业拆借市场 interbank market

可兑换性 convertibility

软通货 soft currency

限制 restriction

交易 transaction

充分需求 adequate demand

短期外债 short term external debt

汇率机制 exchange rate regime

直接标价 direct quotes

资本流动性 mobility of capital

赤字 deficit

本国货币 domestic currency

外汇交易市场 foreign exchange market

国际储备 international reserve

利率 interest rate

资产 assets

国际收支 balance of payments

贸易差额 balance of trade

繁荣 boom

债券 bond

资本 captial

资本支出 captial expenditures

商品 commodities

商品交易所 commodity exchange

期货合同 commodity futures contract

普通股票 common stock

联合大企业 conglomerate

货币贬值 currency devaluation

通货紧缩 deflation

折旧 depreciation

贴现率 discount rate

归个人支配的收入 disposable personal income

从业人员 employed person

汇率 exchange rate

财政年度fiscal year

自由企业 free enterprise

国民生产总值 gross antional product

库存 inventory

劳动力人数 labor force

债务 liabilities

市场经济 market economy

合并 merger

货币收入 money income

跨国公司 Multinational Corproation

个人收入 personal income

优先股票 preferred stock

价格收益比率 price-earning ratio

优惠贷款利率 prime rate

利润 profit

回报 return on investment

使货币升值 revaluation

薪水 salary

季节性调整 seasonal adjustment

关税 tariff

失业人员 unemployed person

效用 utility

价值 value

工资 wages

工资价格螺旋上升 wage-price spiral

收益 yield

补偿贸易 compensatory trade, compensated deal

储蓄** saving banks

欧洲联盟 the European Union

单一的实体 a single entity

抵押贷款 mortgage lending

业主产权 owner's equity

普通股 common stock

无形资产 intangible assets

收益表 income statement

营业开支 operating expenses

行政开支 administrative expenses

现金收支一览表 statement of cash flow

贸易中的存货 inventory

收益 proceeds

投资** investment bank

机构投资者 institutional investor

垄断兼并委员会 MMC

招标发行 issue by tender

定向发行 introduction

代销 offer for sale

直销 placing

公开发行 public issue

信贷额度 credit line

国际债券 international bonds

欧洲货币Eurocurrency

利差 interest margin

以所借的钱作抵押所获之贷款 leveraged loan

权利股发行 rights issues

净收入比例结合 net income gearing