你这么*你家里知道吗?法语怎么说

考虑到楼主这句话估计是对有中文背景或中国网友说的，所以可以这么按照中式思维翻译，虽然我在巴黎呆了好多年，但是这样的翻译还是第一次，哈哈：

Tu es formidable (énorme), tes parents le savent?

括号里用sensationnel, superbe, 等都行，不过法国人挂在嘴边的就是formidable énorme génial这些词，而且最近formidable这首歌也很火，所以就用它最好了，enorme也不错。

2019-04-11 为什么恐怖片主角多是母亲

2019 年 4 月 11 日

今日导读

人类对恐怖片总是怀抱着一种复杂的情感，身临其境的恐惧、无处遁逃的绝望以及劫后余生的瞬间释放都给人带来巨大的**，让大家又爱又怕。纵观近几十年的恐怖片，我们不难发现一个共同的趋势：影片中绝大多数主角都是女性。荧幕上的女性原本被赋予温柔甜美、善良体贴的形象，然而在恐怖电影中，女性（特别是母亲）往往给人一种阴森可怖、哀怨愤懑的感觉。这篇《经济学人》的文章告诉我们，这一共性绝非巧合，其背后有深刻的社会文化原因。究竟是什么原因呢？让我们跟着 Lala 老师一起进入今天的新闻。

带着问题听讲解

1.为什么恐怖电影主角多是母亲呢？

2.survivalist 指的是拥有怎样生活方式的人？

3.如何理解 take charge？

新闻正文

Horror flicks, for all their sensationalisttendencies, have long interrogated expectations of motherhood. Pregnancy isshown not as a blessed state but as a dangerous, gory trauma. Childbirth isfrightening, and the resulting offspring often even more so. The assumptionthat women ought to become sweet, caring homemakers has been undermined bycasting them as villains.

恐怖片，尽管有其耸人听闻的倾向，长期以来却不断拷问着人们对于做母亲的憧憬。在恐怖片里，怀孕并不是一种幸福的状态，而是一种危险的、血淋淋的创伤。分娩令人恐惧，由此诞生的后代往往更加可怕。（恐怖片）将女性塑造成反派，这弱化了女性本应是甜美、体贴的家庭主妇的世俗之见。

In recent years film-makers have returnedto these ideas and put several mothers at the centre of stories.

近年来，电影制作人们又重新开始表达这些看法，将几位母亲设置为故事的中心人物。

The characters are often ambivalent abouttheir responsibilities and the expectations placed on them. Both “The Babadook”(2014) and “Hereditary” (2018) include scenes in which the mother says theunsayable: they wish their children were dead, or had not been born.

这些角色们通常对她们所肩负的责任及被赋予的期许感到矛盾。《鬼书》（2014）和《遗传厄运》（2018）中都出现了母亲说出不该讲的心里话的场景：她们希望自己的孩子死掉，或者压根没出生。

Other films have cast women as formidableheroes. Evelyn (Emily Blunt), the survivalist mother in “A Quiet Place” (2018),helps to protect her family against monsters that hunt using sound. She give**irth noiselessly and without help, and takes charge when her hu**and dies.

另外一些电影将女性塑造成令人敬畏的英雄。《寂静之地》(2018)中的伊芙琳（艾米莉·布朗特饰）是一位生存主义母亲，她协助保护自己的家人摆脱一群靠听声音捕猎的怪物们的攻击。她在毫无帮助的情况下噤声分娩，并在丈夫被杀死后承担起保护家人的责任。

Horror is most unsettling when it invitesaudiences to imagine danger in safe places, particularly the home, and somothers make ideal protagonists. At the same time, these figures allowfilm-makers to undermine assumptions that women are vulnerable (especially whenpregnant), weak and fearful, as well as the idea that motherhood is always arewarding experience. This makes for complex and nuanced characters.

当观众被引导着去想象发生在安全地点，特别是发生在家里的危险时，恐怖片是最吓人的，而这时母亲们则成为绝佳的主角之选。与此同时，通过这些人物形象，电影制作人得以弱化（人们惯常）对女性的臆测和对做母亲的看法：女性是脆弱的（尤其当怀孕时）、无力的且恐惧的；生儿育女总是一个意义非凡的经历。一个个复杂而微妙的荧幕角色也由此诞生了。

主编：Lala、提提

品控：Lala

审核：迎迎

2019 The Economist NewspaperLimited. All rights reserved.

From “Why so many of theprotagonists in horror films are mothers”, published under license. Theoriginal content, in English, can be found on.

重点词汇

protagonist/prəˈtæ ɡənɪst/

n.（故事或戏剧中的）主角；拥护者

e.g.

例句：In life, everyone is the protagonist of their own story.

词根词缀：pro-（赞成）

反义词：antagonist（n. 对立者）

flick/flɪk/

n. 电影

forall

尽管

e.g.

例句：For all her qualifications, she's still useless at the job.

sensationalist/senˈseɪʃənəlɪst/

adj. 耸人听闻的

e.g.

搭配短语：a sensationalist headline

interrogate/ɪnˈterə ɡeɪt/

v. 盘问，质询

gory/ˈ ɡɔːri/

adj. 血淋淋的，血腥暴力的

e.g.

搭配短语：a gory film

trauma/ˈtraʊmə/

n. 精神创伤

e.g.

搭配短语：childhood trauma

搭配短语：the trauma of marriage breakdown

offspring/ˈɔːfsprɪŋ/

n. 后代，子女

e.g.

例句：My sister will come over on Saturday with her offspring.

assumption/əˈsʌmpʃn/

n. 臆断，假定

e.g.

词性拓展：assume（v. 臆断，假定）

assume 例句：I assumed that they knew each other because they went to the sameschool.

undermine/ˌʌndərˈmaɪn/

v. 损害；削弱

e.g.

词根词缀：under-（次，亚，低于）

例句：Critici** undermines people's confidence.

cast(**.) as

把（某人）塑造成

e.g.

例句：They cast me as Romeo.

ambivalent/æmˈbɪvələnt/

adj.（心情）矛盾的，含糊不定的

e.g.

搭配短语：an ambivalent attitude to exercise

formidable/fərˈmɪdəbl/

adj. 令人敬畏的，可怕的

e.g.

英文释义：causing you to have fear or respect for something or someone becausethat thing or person is large, powerful, or difficult

例句：Mrs. Clinton is a formidable opponent.

搭配短语：a formidable challenge

survivalist/sərˈvaɪvəlɪst/

n. 生存主义者

takecharge

承担责任

e.g.

英文释义：to accept responsibility for something and have control over it

例句：He is more confident now, more willing to take charge.

unsettling/ʌnˈsetlɪŋ/

adj. 令人不安的，使人担忧的

e.g.

英文释义：making you feel anxious and worried

figure/ˈfɪ ɡjər/

n. 人物

nuanced/ˈnuː ɑːnst/

adj.（外表、意义、声音等上）有细微差别的

e.g.

词性拓展：nuance（n. 外表、意义、声音等的细微差别）

nuance 例句：Some nuances are lost in translation.

拓展阅读

《鬼书》(The Babadook) 剧情简介

数年前，艾米莉亚·范宁和丈夫遭遇了一场严重车祸，丈夫不幸在这场意外中身亡。在此之后，艾米莉亚一面在养老院辛勤工作，一面又要照顾年幼的儿子塞缪尔。没有父亲的保护，塞缪尔从小害怕鬼怪，与之相对又表现出极其暴力、叛逆的言行举止。带着危险品上学的塞缪尔遭到校方的斥责，艾米莉亚无奈暂时将其托付给克莱尔阿姨照看。

某晚，塞缪尔选了一本从未见过的绘本《巴巴杜先生》作睡前读物，因故事太过诡异恐怖，艾米莉亚中止了阅读，谁知小塞缪尔却仿佛着魔了一般。他声称巴巴杜来到了家里，小家伙的举止越来越离经叛道，而各种可怕的现象也接二连三出现……

《遗传厄运》(Hereditary) 剧情简介

安妮和丈夫史蒂文带着大儿子皮特生活，他们的小女儿查理则交由安妮的母亲艾伦抚养。实际上，安妮和母亲之间的关系十分疏远，艾伦去世后，小女儿查理重新回到了父母的身边。

自从查理回家之后，家里便开始接二连三的发生诡异的事件。神秘的图腾、陌生的姓名以及神出鬼没的不速之客让这个家庭被笼罩在压抑的气氛之中。由于皮特的疏忽，一场车祸夺走了查理的性命。查理的死加快了各家庭成员之间的分裂，在安妮最绝望的日子里，一个名叫乔安的女人出现在了她的身边。乔安声称自己拥有能够召唤灵魂的特异功能......

以上内容原载于网络，由流利阅读团队修改编辑。

跪求译文！！

青石板where to, where the red brick绿瓦, there are reflected in the lake in the White Pagoda, where there stands on the roof瑞兽, where the magpie nest up and see the doll仰脖, where fighting cricket cricket and breath of the gaze of the elderly, there are弄堂years in the打着伞girl, where the咿咿呀呀Shaanxi Opera, Peking Opera,黄梅戏.There is here is my motherland - China.

From my childhood, I have to swim the river north and south, living in Beijing; went in Shanghai; to swim across the southern; or seen or heard or experienced those things better.One day, or only on that day I have taken note of - that the座座tall skyscraper erected, followed by a variety of high-tech, mobile phones become a necessity, cars become a normal thing, and occasionally will see the rise of the aircraft left traces. In the crowd, I thought of Grandpa told me that, we had a strong country.

Many changes. Fewer alley, and few fighting cricket cricket again, it entered the modern society, and more found in this international arena风生水起. China, my motherland, she is changed, she changed for the better in a step-by-step, variable beautiful, powerful change.China, despite the changes, but the majestic qualities of the palace is still standing there, in Beijing, the Forbidden City, we look up to the sacred, like through it in 5000 through the ages in the agitation of the soul of the emperor; it is still rolling roar of the Mother River she did not old, yellow color is just on behalf of the Chinese, that we live deep color turning white淘尽hero in China, rolling to the east; blue sleeping dragon that is still the highest winds in the world, the that the greatest of the Great Wall stunning set guardian of Waterloo, where all the Chinese people, guarding, and ridiculed as a group of ants living overseas;That group will be sown in deep loess blood and sweat of the hard-working people on the ground, still go on, generation after generation of breeding, that the spirit of the tradition of Confuciani** continue, farewell historians, literary treasure, the magic of Chinese medicine, as well as descendents of the Dragon's proud, as proud people of Chinese descent, as the world's only ancient civilizations of Egypt and is still not brilliant blasphemy, we earned the laughter dripping as ourselves, because our nation is the great magic that is worshiped on the ground跪伏, our country is such a courageous group of hard-working honest people have composed a splendid culture, and we loved the motherland! !

Can not be too sorry this wonderful addition to Chinese language text of a better description of my country. And I, although it is only a hard-working individuals in the nation, but, I was part of the composition of her, I passed it to the bone marrow of the soul of a people, it is my duty, and obligation to do so, and teach me children and grandchildren continue.The Chinese say, the Chinese blood, then you and I had the same blood brothers and sisters from the same root, it invites us to work together for our motherland of the Chinese people to give a backbone, so that our motherland will never bloom!

Me and my country, indivisible, linked to blood, the spirit of the same! My country has given me so much, I love my country, I love my country more! !

回答者： mayun365 - 秀才 二级 4-15 10:57

There has the green flat piece of stone field , there has the green tile of red brick , there has being reflected on white pagoda inside the lake water , there has the omen beast standing erect on eave , there has putting up the magpie harboring and relying on neck looking at its baby , there has the cricket and the old people who holds breath and gazing into fighting at close quarters , there has walking in girl inside the alley being holding up an umbrella , there Shaanxi opera , Beijing opera , popular Anhui opera having prattle. There it is here, to be my motherland China.

From me, batch, I just loaf about when one was young to residing in Bei-jing on both sides of the Changjiang River,; Have been to Shanghai; Have swum across the south of the Yangtze River; Or have had seen or had listened to or had experienced those fine things. One day, possibly only, I pay attention to the high technology having arrived at that high skyscrape standing on up , various supervention , mobile telephone becomes necessaries on that day, the automobile is become common that thing, raising head once in a while may catch sight of the trail that the aircraft leaves. Within person tide, I have remembered grandfather and what our was saying , our motherland has been big and powerful.

Many's changing. Alleyway unexpected turn of events has been few , fresh somebody cricketfight again , people has stepped into modern society , have discovered and China more mounting wind raw water in this international match getting up. China , my motherland , her be on change, she beautiful , changes in step-by-step get better , unexpected turn of events big and powerful. China, always change, but that extensive grand palace still stands erect in there , Beijing , we look up at sacred Palace Museum, as if having cut through 5000 years through it, in soul of past dynasties emperor surging; That the mother river rolling is still roaring , she is not old, the yellow is only the colour representing Chinese , that deep colour on which we rely for existing is turned over let the clean the hero who has used up Chinese , rushing east of white water go to; That huge green grass color sunk in sleep dragon still meanders in the world most higher place, that the greatest the Great Wall set nest China defending person possessions in there descendant who makes people praise it as the peak of perfection , the barbarian foreigner as being guarding, and being making fun of that group of mole crickets and ants; That group of the industrious people sweat and toil is sown on deep loessland, the inoculation gets down still in generation , that is vigorous, that Confucian learning , Shi Jia peak of poetic perfection , literature gem , magical doctor of traditional Chinese medicine conducting continue to hold, still have the pride as descendants of the dragon , being proud being all people of Chinese descent, as forbidden unique still splendid in the world country with an ancient civilization blasphemy, our risus full and delightful, because of us self, because of our nation be like that great is magical make people couch worshiping in ground, the people who is upright be industrious and courageous from such crowd own splendid culture is composed of our country , is motherland loved by us! !

Very sorry unable use describes my motherland well besides the Chinese characters besides such splendid language. Although but I, being 1 people in that industrious nationality only,I am to be composed of her part , I am with one , my amenable in the people that bone marrow soul summons continue to hold , the descendant who is duty-bound to compose like this, and to teach me more lasts down. Chinese doctrine , China blood vessel in which the blood and qi circulate, so our and your, copy of the first edition is with the blood vessel in which the blood and qi circulate and brothers and sisters , ask us to be that our motherland gives a Chinese's moral integrity commonly , let our motherland split forever put down!

My and my motherland, is not allowed to break up , the blood relationship , the spirit coexist! My motherland gives me I loving my motherland , my motherland loving me more much like this! !

回答者： dcm_0410 - 试用期 一级 4-15 11:21

There has the blue flagstone place, there has the red brick green tile, there has Bai Ta who reflects in the lake water, there has stands erect on eaves' auspicious beast, there has the building a nest magpie and Yang Bo looked that it the baby, there has the slaughtering cricket and holds the breath staring at old person, there has opens an umbrella in alley's girl, there has chirp chirp open-mouthed Shanxi Opera, the Peking opera, the Huangmei Opera. There is here, is my motherland - - China.

From me, I then tours in childhood to the great river north and south, lived in Beijing; Has gone to Shanghai; South tours crosses the river; Either has seen or has listened or has experienced these happy matters. One day's, or just I noted the skyscraper which in that day - - that stood high, each kind followed on somebody's heels the high tech, the handset became the essential item, the automobile becomes the ordinary thing, occasionally will gain ground will also find the trace which the airplane stayed behind. In the human tide, I have remembered grandfather the words which said to me, our motherland was formidable.

Many changes. The alley has tailed off, rarely has the human to fight the cricket again, the people marched into the modern society, and discovered that China gets up in this international athletic field winning side unboiled water. China, my motherland, she is in the change, she in one improves, changes beautiful step by step, stiffens in a big way. China, although in change, but that broad grand palace still stood erect in there, Beijing, we look up to sacred Imperial Palace, just liked passes through in 5000 by it, all previous dynasties emperor's soul has been surging; That tumbling's mother river was still roaring, she not old, the yellow only represents China's color, that deep our livelihood color turned the whitecap to wash China's hero, billowing east; That deep sleep's green big dragon still wound in the world roof, that greatest the Great Wall procession which makes one praise to the heavens in there protector's all China descendants, is guarding, and is ridiculing that crowd of ants yi; That crowd the blood and sweat spread in the deep loess ground industrious people, still in breeding from generation to generation, that spirit, the Confucian thoughts which, the historian pinnacle of poetic creation, the literature treasure, the mysterious Chinese medicine that inherited, but also had the pride which the achievement dragon taught other people, took Chinese people's be proud, took in the world still the magnificent ancient nation not to be possible to blaspheme only, our full laughing, because of us, because our nationality was such great makes one kneel mysteriously bends down in ground lies prostrate in worship, our country was industrious brave has the bright cultural people by a crowd to be composed honestly like this, we loved motherland!!

Too the regret cannot use besides the Chinese such wonderful language the writing better to describe my motherland. But I, although is in that industrious nationality's 1 individual merely, but, I compose her part, I am in person's one which inherits the marrow soul, I have the responsibility, has the duty to do this, and taught that I the descendants continue. The Chinese said that Chinese blood vessels, then I and you, are originally with the blood vessels with root brothers the sisters, that asks us to give a Chinese's strength of spirit together for ours motherland, lets our motherland forever bloom!

I and my motherland, inalienable, close as flesh and blood, spirit with in! My motherland gives me such these many, I love my motherland, my motherland loves me!!

回答者： 甘朝权 - 千总 四级 4-16 12:46

There has the green flat piece of stone field , there has the green tile of red brick , there has being reflected on white pagoda inside the lake water , there has the omen beast standing erect on eave , there has putting up the magpie harboring and relying on neck looking at its baby , there has the cricket and the old people who holds breath and gazing into fighting at close quarters , there has walking in girl inside the alley being holding up an umbrella , there Shaanxi opera , Beijing opera , popular Anhui opera having prattle. There it is here, to be my motherland China.

From me, batch, I just loaf about when one was young to residing in Bei-jing on both sides of the Changjiang River,; Have been to Shanghai; Have swum across the south of the Yangtze River; Or have had seen or had listened to or had experienced those fine things. One day, possibly only, I pay attention to the high technology having arrived at that high skyscrape standing on up , various supervention , mobile telephone becomes necessaries on that day, the automobile is become common that thing, raising head once in a while may catch sight of the trail that the aircraft leaves. Within person tide, I have remembered grandfather and what our was saying , our motherland has been big and powerful.

Many's changing. Alleyway unexpected turn of events has been few , fresh somebody cricketfight again , people has stepped into modern society , have discovered and China more mounting wind raw water in this international match getting up. China , my motherland , her be on change, she beautiful , changes in step-by-step get better , unexpected turn of events big and powerful. China, always change, but that extensive grand palace still stands erect in there , Beijing , we look up at sacred Palace Museum, as if having cut through 5000 years through it, in soul of past dynasties emperor surging; That the mother river rolling is still roaring , she is not old, the yellow is only the colour representing Chinese , that deep colour on which we rely for existing is turned over let the clean the hero who has used up Chinese , rushing east of white water go to; That huge green grass color sunk in sleep dragon still meanders in the world most higher place, that the greatest the Great Wall set nest China defending person possessions in there descendant who makes people praise it as the peak of perfection , the barbarian foreigner as being guarding, and being making fun of that group of mole crickets and ants; That group of the industrious people sweat and toil is sown on deep loessland, the inoculation gets down still in generation , that is vigorous, that Confucian learning , Shi Jia peak of poetic perfection , literature gem , magical doctor of traditional Chinese medicine conducting continue to hold, still have the pride as descendants of the dragon , being proud being all people of Chinese descent, as forbidden unique still splendid in the world country with an ancient civilization blasphemy, our risus full and delightful, because of us self, because of our nation be like that great is magical make people couch worshiping in ground, the people who is upright be industrious and courageous from such crowd own splendid culture is composed of our country , is motherland loved by us! !

Very sorry unable use describes my motherland well besides the Chinese characters besides such splendid language. Although but I, being 1 people in that industrious nationality only,I am to be composed of her part , I am with one , my amenable in the people that bone marrow soul summons continue to hold , the descendant who is duty-bound to compose like this, and to teach me more lasts down. Chinese doctrine , China blood vessel in which the blood and qi circulate, so our and your, copy of the first edition is with the blood vessel in which the blood and qi circulate and brothers and sisters , ask us to be that our motherland gives a Chinese's moral integrity commonly , let our motherland split forever put down!

My and my motherland, is not allowed to break up , the blood relationship , the spirit coexist! My motherland gives me I loving my motherland , my motherland loving me more much like this! !

There has the blue flagstone place, there has the red brick green tile, there has Bai Ta who reflects in the lake water, there has stands erect on eaves' auspicious beast, there has the building a nest magpie and Yang Bo looked that it the baby, there has the slaughtering cricket and holds the breath staring at old person, there has opens an umbrella in alley's girl, there has chirp chirp open-mouthed Shanxi Opera, the Peking opera, the Huangmei Opera. There is here, is my motherland - - China.

From me, I then tours in childhood to the great river north and south, lived in Beijing; Has gone to Shanghai; South tours crosses the river; Either has seen or has listened or has experienced these happy matters. One day's, or just I noted the skyscraper which in that day - - that stood high, each kind followed on somebody's heels the high tech, the handset became the essential item, the automobile becomes the ordinary thing, occasionally will gain ground will also find the trace which the airplane stayed behind. In the human tide, I have remembered grandfather the words which said to me, our motherland was formidable.

Many changes. The alley has tailed off, rarely has the human to fight the cricket again, the people marched into the modern society, and discovered that China gets up in this international athletic field winning side unboiled water. China, my motherland, she is in the change, she in one improves, changes beautiful step by step, stiffens in a big way. China, although in change, but that broad grand palace still stood erect in there, Beijing, we look up to sacred Imperial Palace, just liked passes through in 5000 by it, all previous dynasties emperor's soul has been surging; That tumbling's mother river was still roaring, she not old, the yellow only represents China's color, that deep our livelihood color turned the whitecap to wash China's hero, billowing east; That deep sleep's green big dragon still wound in the world roof, that greatest the Great Wall procession which makes one praise to the heavens in there protector's all China descendants, is guarding, and is ridiculing that crowd of ants yi; That crowd the blood and sweat spread in the deep loess ground industrious people, still in breeding from generation to generation, that spirit, the Confucian thoughts which, the historian pinnacle of poetic creation, the literature treasure, the mysterious Chinese medicine that inherited, but also had the pride which the achievement dragon taught other people, took Chinese people's be proud, took in the world still the magnificent ancient nation not to be possible to blaspheme only, our full laughing, because of us, because our nationality was such great makes one kneel mysteriously bends down in ground lies prostrate in worship, our country was industrious brave has the bright cultural people by a crowd to be composed honestly like this, we loved motherland!!

Too the regret cannot use besides the Chinese such wonderful language the writing better to describe my motherland. But I, although is in that industrious nationality's 1 individual merely, but, I compose her part, I am in person's one which inherits the marrow soul, I have the responsibility, has the duty to do this, and taught that I the descendants continue. The Chinese said that Chinese blood vessels, then I and you, are originally with the blood vessels with root brothers the sisters, that asks us to give a Chinese's strength of spirit together for ours motherland, lets our motherland forever bloom!

I and my motherland, inalienable, close as flesh and blood, spirit with in! My motherland gives me such these many, I love my motherland, my motherland loves me!!

Reduce salt

FDA issues guidelines to reduce salt in foods

美国食品药品监督管理局颁布食品减盐指南

The Food and Drug Administration, citing an epidemic of diet-related illnesses, released new guidelines Wednesday aimed at reducing the amount of salt that Americans consume at restaurants, school cafeterias and food trucks, or when they are eating packaged and prepared foods at home.***

周三，美国食品药品监督管理局发布了新指南，其中引用了与饮食相关的一种流行病。新指南旨在减少美国民众的摄盐量：即，当他们在餐馆、学校食堂以及流动餐车吃饭时，或是在家食用包装食品和预制食物时，所摄入的盐分。

The recommendations, issued after years of delay, seek to reduce the average daily sodium intake by 12% over the next 2 1/2 years by encouraging food manufacturers, restaurants and food service companies to scale back their use of salt.

美国食药监局的减盐提议延迟多年才得以发布；这份指南希望能够在未来两年半的时间里，通过推动食品生产商、餐馆以及饮食服务公司降低食盐使用量，使人均每日钠摄入量减少 12%。

That goal translates into 3,000 milligrams of salt — slightly more than 1 teaspoon — compared to the 3,400 milligrams that Americans typically consume in a day. America's love affair with salty foods has been linked to alarmingly high rates of high blood pressure, a leading risk factor for heart attacks, strokes and kidney failure.

换言之，这个目标即意味着 3000 毫克的食盐摄入量——略多于一小勺——但美国民众目前的日均摄盐量为 3400 毫克。他们酷爱咸味食物，而如今高血压患病率高得惊人，与此不无关系。高血压，正是造成心脏病、中风以及肾衰竭的高危因素。

Much of the excess sodium that Americans consume, about 70%, comes from processed and packaged food and meals served at restaurants, according to researchers. The guidance will apply to 163 categories of processed and packaged food and provide different targets for, say, rye bread, salad dressing and baby food.

研究人员表示，美国人过量摄入的盐分中，约 70% 都来自于加工和预制食品，以及餐馆提供的饭菜。这份减盐指南适用于 163 类加工和预制食物；另外，还为诸如黑麦面包、沙拉酱和婴儿食品等分别提供了指标。

Nutritionists and public health experts commended the FDA for taking on the problem of excess sodium, saying the effort would help sharpen the public's focus on the dangers of overindulgence and create pressure on food companies to reduce their reliance on salt as a cheap flavor booster.

营养学家和公共卫生专家都非常赞许美国食药监局着手解决人们钠摄入过量问题的举动。他们认为，这份尝试有助于让大众进一步关注高盐饮食的危害；同时，也能对食品公司施压，削弱其对食盐的依赖性，对它们而言，这就是低成本的增味剂。

But many said that voluntary measures were unlikely to move the needle very much. Some experts have suggested mandatory reductions, though they acknowledge that the food industry's formidable lobbying power makes such measures unlikely at the federal level.

然而，也有不少人指出，自愿性措施恐怕并不会带来多少改变。有些专家则建议强制减盐，不过他们也承认食品行业的游说能力不容小觑，这就使得诸如此类的强制措施上升到国家层面实行的几率小之又小。

主编：Bao、菜菜

品控：木子

审核：啾笛

重点词汇

issue

/ˈɪʃ.uː/

v. 发布，发表

词性拓展：issue（n. 问题）

英文释义：to officially make a statement, give an order, warning

cite

/saɪt/

v. 举例，引证

近义词：quote

consume

/kənˈsuːm/

v. 吃、喝；消耗；花费；消费

搭配短语：to consume fossil fuels（消耗）

搭配短语：to consume hours of time（花费）

相关词汇：consumer（n. 消费者）

英文释义：to eat or drink

cafeteria

/ˌkæf.əˈtɪr.i.ə/

n.（工厂、学校等的）自助餐厅，食堂

sodium

/ˈsoʊ.di.əm/

n. 钠

intake

/ˈɪn.teɪk/

n.（食物、饮品等的）摄入（取）量

相关短语：take in（摄入，吸收）

搭配短语：to take in plenty of fluid

搭配短语：your daily intake of calories

scale back

缩小规模

相关词汇：scale（v. 控制规模）

词义拓展：scale（n. 规模，范围）

英文释义：to change the size of sth.

近义词：reduce

相关短语：scale from...to...

例句：Text can be scaled from 4 points to 28 points.

milligram

/ˈmɪl.ɪ.ɡræm/

n. 毫克

相关词汇：kilogram（n. 千克）

词根词缀：kilo-（表示“千”）

词根词缀：milli-（表示“毫”）

派生词：millimeter（n. 毫米）

love affair

（对某物的）强烈兴趣，热爱；风流韵事

英文释义：a romantic relationship（风流韵事）

英文释义：a strong enjoyment of sth.（热爱）

搭配短语：love affair with **. / sth.

excess

/ˈek.ses/

adj. 过多的，多余的

英文释义：additional and not needed

例句：Excess food would be stored as fat.

apply to

适用于......；申请

例句：The prices do not apply to public holiday periods.

dressing

/ˈdres.ɪŋ/

n. 调料，调味酱

相关词汇：dress（v. 穿；戴）

commend

/kəˈmend/

v. 赞扬；推崇

近义词：praise; approve; recommend

搭配短语：commend **. for doing sth.

sharpen the public's focus on

提高公众对于（某事）的关注

相关词汇：sharpen（v. 使变锋利/尖锐/清晰）

英文释义：to make a feeling stronger and more urgent

近义词：improve

搭配短语：to sharpen one's skills（提高技能）

搭配短语：to sharpen one's mind（磨练心智）

overindulgence

/əʊ.vərɪnˈdʌl.dʒəns/

n. 过分放纵，过于沉溺

近义词：excess

英文释义：eating and drinking too much

词根词缀：over-（表示“太，过分”）

相关词汇：indulgence（n. 放纵，沉溺）

booster

/ˈbuː.stɚ/

n. 增效剂；起到推动作用的事物

相关词汇：boost（n. 推动，促进）

move the needle

带来变化，造成影响

相关词汇：needle（n. 指针，磁针）

近义词：make a difference

英文释义：to make a noticeable difference

mandatory

/ˈmæn.də.tɔːr.i/

adj. 强制性的

反义词：voluntary（adj. 自愿的，自发的）

formidable

/fɔːrˈmɪd.ə.bəl/

adj. 难对付的；令人敬畏的

英文释义：very powerful or impressive, and often frightening

lobbying power

游说能力

相关词汇：lobby（v. 游说（政府或有政治权力的人））

英文释义：to try to persuade the government or someone with political power