长期噪音会干扰生活工作、损伤听力。４０分贝是正常的环境声音，一般被认为是噪声的卫生标准。在此以上便是有害的噪声，５０分贝左右的噪声会影响休息和睡眠，７０分贝以上的噪声能使人心烦意乱，精神不集中，９０分贝以上的噪声，会损害听力。

Long-term noise will interfere with life and work and damage hearing. 40dB is normal ambient sound, which is generally considered as the hygienic standard for noise. Above that is harmful noise. Noise of about 50 decibels can affect rest and sleep. Noise of more than 70 decibels can make people upset and distracted. Noise of more than 90 decibels can damage hearing.

长期噪音会干扰生活工作、损伤听力、诱发多种疾病。

Long-term noise will interfere with life and work, damage hearing, and induce a variety of diseases.

４０分贝是正常的环境声音，一般被认为是噪声的卫生标准。在此以上便是有害的噪声，噪声对人的危害相当大。５０分贝左右的噪声会影响休息和睡眠，进而影响到人体的正常生理功能。７０分贝以上的噪声能使人心烦意乱，精神不集中，不但降低工作效率，还可能引起事故。如果长时间在９０分贝以上的噪声环境中生活，会损害听力，并出现头痛、恶心、心率加快，血压不稳等症状。噪声的危害归纳起来主要表现为以下几方面：

40dB is normal ambient sound, which is generally considered as the hygienic standard for noise. Above that is harmful noise, which is quite harmful to people. Noise of about 50 decibels will affect rest and sleep, and then affect the normal physiological function of the human body. Noise above 70 decibels can make people upset and distracted, which not only reduces work efficiency, but also may cause accidents. If you live in a noise environment of more than 90 decibels for a long time, your hearing will be damaged, and symptoms such as headache, nausea, increased heart rate and unstable blood pressure will appear. The harm of noise can be summarized as follows:

一、干扰生活工作：

1、 Interference with life and work:

睡眠是人消除疲劳、恢复体力和维持健康的一个重要条件。但是噪声会影响人的睡眠质量和数量，老年人和病人对噪声干扰更敏感。当睡眠受到干扰而辗转不能入睡时，就会出现呼吸频繁、脉博跳动加剧，神经兴奋等现象，第二天会觉得疲倦、易累，从而影响工作效率。久而久之，就会引起失眠、耳鸣多梦、疲劳无力、记忆力衰退，在医学上称为神经衰弱症候群。在高噪声环境下，这种病的发病率可达５０~６０％。

Sleep is an important condition for people to eliminate fatigue, recover physical strength and maintain health. However, noise will affect the quality and quantity of sleep, and the elderly and patients are more sensitive to noise interference. When sleep is disturbed and cannot fall asleep, frequent breathing, increased pulse beat, nerve excitement and other phenomena will occur. The next day, you will feel tired and easily tired, thus affecting work efficiency. Over time, it will cause insomnia, tinnitus and dreaminess, fatigue and weakness, and memory decline, which is called neurasthenia syndrome in medicine. In high noise environment, the incidence rate of this disease can reach 50-60%.

据统计，噪声会使劳动生产率降低１０～５０％，随着噪声的增加，差错率上升。由此可见，噪声会分散人的注意力，导致反应迟钝，容易疲劳，工作效率下降，差错率上升。噪声还会掩蔽安全信号，如报警信号和车辆行驶信号等，以致造成事故。

According to statistics, noise will reduce labor productivity by 10~50%. With the increase of noise, the error rate will rise. It can be seen that noise will distract people's attention, resulting in slow response, easy fatigue, reduced work efficiency and increased error rate. Noise can also mask safety signals, such as alarm signals and vehicle driving signals, and cause accidents.

二、损伤听力：

2、 Hearing impairment:

噪声对人体最直接的危害是听力损伤。人们在进入强噪声环境时，暴露一段时间，会感到双耳难受，甚至会出现头痛等感觉。离开噪声环境到安静的场所休息一段时间，听力就会逐渐恢复正常。这种现象叫做暂时性听阈偏移，又称听觉疲劳。但是，如果人们长期在强噪声环境下工作，听觉疲劳不能得到及时恢复，且内耳器官会发生器质性病变，即形成永久性听阈偏移，又称噪声性耳聋。若人突然暴露于极其强烈的噪声环境中，听觉器官会发生急剧外伤，引起鼓膜破裂出血，迷路出血，螺旋器从基底膜急性剥离，可能使人耳完全失去听力，即出现暴震性耳聋。

The most direct harm of noise to human body is hearing loss. When people are exposed to strong noise environment for a period of time, they will feel uncomfortable in both ears and even have headaches. After leaving the noisy environment and taking a rest in a quiet place for a period of time, the hearing will gradually return to normal. This phenomenon is called temporary hearing threshold shift, also known as auditory fatigue. However, if people work in a strong noise environment for a long time, the hearing fatigue cannot be recovered in time, and the internal ear organs will produce qualitative lesions, that is, permanent hearing threshold shift, also known as noise-induced deafness. If a person is suddenly exposed to extremely strong noise environment, the hearing organ will suffer from sharp trauma, resulting in tympanic membrane rupture and bleeding, labyrinth bleeding, and acute stripping of the spiral from the basement membrane, which may cause complete loss of hearing of the human ear, that is, sudden shock deafness.

三、诱发多种疾病：

3、 Induce multiple diseases:

因为噪声通过听觉器官作用于大脑中枢神经系统，以致影响到全身各个器官，故噪声除对人的听力造成损伤外，还会给人体其它系统带来危害。由于噪声的作用，会产生头痛、脑胀、耳鸣、失眠、全身疲乏无力以及记忆力减退等神经衰弱症状。长期在高噪声环境下工作的人与低噪声环境下的情况相比，高血压、动脉硬化和冠心病的发病率要高２～３倍。可见噪声会导致心血管系统疾病。噪声也可导致消化系统功能紊乱，引起消化不良、食欲不振、恶心呕吐，使肠胃病和溃疡病发病率升高。此外，噪声对视觉器官、内分泌机能及胎儿的正常发育等方面也会产生一定影响。在高噪声中工作和生活的人们，健康水平逐年下降，对疾病的抵抗力减弱，诱发一些疾病。

Because noise acts on the central nervous system of the brain through the auditory organs, thus affecting all organs of the body, noise will not only cause damage to human hearing, but also harm other human systems. Due to the effect of noise, neurasthenic symptoms such as headache, brain swelling, tinnitus, insomnia, general fatigue and weakness, and memory loss will occur. The incidence rate of hypertension, arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease is 2-3 times higher for people who work in high noise environment for a long time than that in low noise environment. Visible noise can cause cardiovascular diseases. Noise can also lead to dysfunction of digestive system, dyspepsia, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and increase the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases and ulcer diseases. In addition, noise will also have certain effects on visual organs, endocrine function and normal development of fetus. People who work and live in high noise, their health level is declining year by year, their resistance to diseases is weakened, and some diseases are induced.