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broughtunderdiscussion的简单介绍

更新时间：2026-07-18 03:44:49 周记网3年前 (2023-03-24)英文周记209

英语填空

第一题选2 第二题选3

hardly

adv.

刚刚, 几乎不, 仅, 严厉的, 艰辛的

hardly

adv.

几乎不；简直不

This is hardly the time to discuss such matters.

在现在讨论这事根本不合适。

It was so dark that I could hardly see.

天那么黑，我简直看不见了。

It rained for such a short time that it hardly dampened the ground.

雨只下了一会儿几乎没有把地面打湿。

绝不，一点也不

I can hardly ask him directly for more money.

我绝不能直接向他多要钱。

He hardly ever eats meat.

他从来不吃肉。

Peter is hardly ever late.

玛丽几乎从不迟到。

hard

adj.

硬的, 坚固的, (问题, 工作等)困难的, 艰苦的, 猛烈的, 确实的

adv.

努力地, 辛苦地, 坚硬地, 牢固地, 接近地, 猛烈地

hard

adj.

坚硬的

This ground is too hard to dig.

这块地硬得挖不动。

The snow has frozen hard on the road.

路上的雪已经冻得很硬了。

困难的，难的

hard questions

难题

Is science harder than English?

自然科学比英语难学吗?

His argument is logical and hard to fault.

"他的论据逻辑严密,无懈可击。"

Old conventions die hard.

旧的习惯势力是不会轻易消亡的。

强力的；重的

a hard push

奋力一推

The hard core in the party make all the decisions.

这个党的核心成员决定一切。

The forecast says there is going to be a hard frost tomorrow night.

天气预报说明天夜里有严重霜冻。

辛苦的；艰难的

hard work

辛苦的工作

艰苦的

a hard life

艰苦的生活

It takes years of hard work to compile a good dictionary.

编一部好词典需要多年的艰苦工作。

严厉的；无情的

In our office building there is a hard and fast rule against **oking.

我们办公楼内严禁吸烟。

a hard master

严师

Don't be too hard on the boy; he didn't mean to do it.

"对这个小男孩不要太严厉了,他不是故意这么做的。"

发硬音的

含无机盐的

hard water

硬水

使人上瘾的（药物）

因强光或吵声使人感觉不舒服的；不悦的

Her hard voice could be heard across the room.

她那讨厌的大嗓门在房间的这一边也听得见。

You failed your driving test? Hard luck!

你驾驶证考试没通过?真没运气!

hard

adv.

努力地；艰苦地

They tried hard to succeed.

他们努力地工作以求得成功。

I have been working hard all morning.

我辛辛苦苦地干了一上午活。

Push hard!

用力推!

强烈地；重重地

It's raining harder than ever.

雨从来没下过这么大。

She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.

"她击键太猛,结果弄断了两根弦。"

Both the farmers and fishermen were hard hit by the bad weather.

坏天气使农民和渔民都遭受了重大损失。

be hard done by

亏待；苛待

be hard put to it

难以做（某事）

die hard

（习惯）不易根绝

Old conventions die hard.

旧的习惯势力是不会轻易消亡的。

hard at it

竭尽全力

She's working hard at her term paper.

她正在努力撰写学期论文。

hard

adj.

hard.er; hard.est;abbr:h.abbr:H.

Resistant to pressure; not readily penetrated.

坚固的对有压力的；有抵抗性的

Physically toughened; rugged.

身体结实的；强健的

Mentally toughened; strong-minded.

坚韧的有独到见解的；意志坚强的

Requiring great effort or endurance:

困难的要求巨大的努力和耐心的：

a hard assignment.

困难的任务

Performed with or marked by great diligence or energy:

勤奋的需要巨大的努力和精力完成的：

a project that required years of hard work.

一项需要多年艰苦劳动的工程

Difficult to resolve, accomplish, or finish:

难以解决的难对付的、难解决的或难以完成的：

That was a hard question.

那是一道难题

Difficult to understand or impart:

难以理解的，难以传授的：

Physics was the hardest of my courses. Thermodynamics is a hard course to teach.

物理学是我所学课程中最难理解的一门；热力学是非常难教的一门课

Intense in force or degree:

猛烈的力量或程度上激烈的：

a hard blow.

猛烈的一击

Inclement:

严酷的：

a long, hard winter.

漫长而严酷的冬季

Stern or strict in nature or comportment:

严格的，严厉的在性格或行为举动方面严格的或严厉的：

a hard taskmaster.

严厉的监工

Resistant to persuasion or appeal; obdurate.

倔强的，冷酷无情的对信念或呼吁进行抵抗的；冷酷无情的

Making few concessions:

毫不让步的：

drives a hard bargain.

进行一场苛刻的交易

Difficult to endure:

难以忍受的：

a hard life.

令人无法忍受的生活

Oppressive or unjust in nature or effect:

刻薄的，苛刻的在性格或外表上暴虐压制的或不公平的：

restrictions that were hard on welfare applicants.

这些限制对于那些福利申请人来讲实在太刻薄了

Lacking compassion or sympathy; callous.

冷淡的缺乏热情或同情心的；冷酷的

Harsh or severe in effect or intention:

严厉的在企图或结果上严重或严厉的：

said some hard things that I won't forget.

说了些令我不能忘却的严厉的事情

Bitter; resentful:

怨毒的；怨恨的：

No hard feelings, I hope.

我希望没有怨恨的情绪

Causing damage or premature wear:

引起损坏的，过早磨损的：

Snow and ice are hard on a car's finish.

冰和雪会破坏汽车表面的光泽度

Bad; adverse:

坏的；背运的：

hard luck.

坏运气

Proceeding or performing with force, vigor, or persistence; assiduous:

勤奋的用力量、精力或耐心来进行或完成的；勤奋的：

a hard worker.

勤奋的工人

Real and unassailable:

有力的确凿的且不容置疑的：

hard evidence.

有力的证据

Definite; firm:

确定的；强有力的：

a hard commitment.

明确的承诺

Close; penetrating:

严密的；透彻的：

We need to take a hard look at the situation.

我们需要对情况进行周密的调查

Free from illusion or bias; practical:

公正的，实际的抛开幻想和偏见的；实际的：

brought some hard common sense to the discussion.

将实际的常识带到讨论中来

Using or based on data that are readily quantified or verified:

严密的运用或基于事先计算或证明的数据：

the hard sciences.

严密的科学

Marked by sharp outline or definition; stark.

刻板的由严格的提纲或概念规定的；刻板的

Lacking in delicacy, shading, or nuance.

不精密的、不灵活或缺乏变化的

Metallic, as opposed to paper. Used of currency.

金属的而非纸的。用于货币流通

Backed by bullion rather than by credit. Used of currency.

以金银为凭的以金银储备而不是**存款为凭证的。用于货币流通

High and stable. Used of prices.

高而稳定的。用于价格

Durable; lasting:

耐用的；持久的：

hard merchandise.

耐用的商品

Written or printed rather than stored in electronic media:

书写的手写或打印而不用电子传播媒介的：

sent the information by hard mail.

将这条信息用手写信件送出去

Erect; tumid. Used of a penis.

竖起的坚挺的；肿胀的。用于描写男性生殖器

Having high alcoholic content; intoxicating:

含大量酒精的；使醉的：

hard liquor.

烈酒

Rendered alcoholic by fermentation; fermented:

发酵的通过发酵产生酒精的；发酵的：

hard cider.

苹果酒

Containing dissolved salts that interfere with the lathering action of soap. Used of water.

含无机盐的含有参与肥皂起沫过程的溶解的盐的。用于水

Linguistics

【语言学】

Velar, as in c in cake or g in log, as opposed to palatal or soft.

硬音的与软音或软腭音相反的硬腭音，如 cake（蛋糕）一词中 c的发音或 log（原木）一词中 g的发音

Physics

【物理学】

Of relatively high energy; penetrating:

高透力的具有相对高能量的；有穿透力的：

hard x-rays.

高透力X射线

High in gluten content:

麸质含量高的：

hard wheat.

硬粒小麦

Chemistry

【化学】

Resistant to biodegradation:

对生物腐蚀有抵抗力的：

a hard detergent.

抗腐蚀清洁剂

Physically addictive. Used of certain illegal drugs, such as ******.

麻醉品肉体上上瘾的。用于如***等特定的非法麻醉品

Resistant to blast, heat, or radiation. Used especially of nuclear weapons.

抗热的，抗辐射的防爆、防热或防辐射的。尤用于核武器

hard

adv.

With strenuous effort; intently:

努力地；拼命地：

worked hard all day; stared hard at the accused criminal.

一整天都在努力地工作；恶狠狠地盯着那个被控告的罪犯

With great force, vigor, or energy:

用力量、精力或能量地：

pressed hard on the lever.

猛烈地压在控制杠上

In such a way as to cause great damage or hardship:

剧烈地，苦难的造成巨大破坏或困难地：

industrial cities hit hard by unemployment.

工业城市遭到失业的剧烈打击

With great distress, grief, or bitterness:

痛苦、苦闷或悲伤地：

took the divorce hard.

痛苦地接受离婚

Firmly; securely:

牢固地；安全地：

held hard to the railing.

紧紧地抓住栏杆

Toward or into a solid condition:

趋干或成为固体状态：

concrete that sets hard within a day.

混凝土在一天内就可以凝固

Near in space or time; close:

接近地在时间或空间上相近的；接近地：

The factory stands hard by the railroad tracks.

工厂座落在铁路沿线

Nautical

【航海】

Completely; fully:

完全地；完整的：

hard alee.

完全地向下风

hard and fast

Defined, fixed, and invariable:

严格规定的、刻板的和无变化的：

hard and fast rules.

严格的规定

hard of hearing

Having a partial loss of hearing.

听觉障碍部分地失去听觉能力的

One who has a partial loss of hearing.

部分地失去听觉能力的人

hard put

Undergoing great difficulty:

陷入困境：

Under the circumstances, he was hard put to explain himself.

在这种情况下，他很难为自己辩解

hard up Informal

In need; poor.

短缺在急需中；贫困

Middle English

中古英语

fromOld English heard

源自古英语 heard

*See Also : kar- In Appendix

hard difficult arduousThese adjectives are compared as they mean requiring great physical or mental effort to do, achieve, or master. Hardis the most general term:

Why is it so hard for you to keep a secret?

为什么保守秘密对你来说如此之难？

You write with ease to show your breeding,/But easy writing's curst hard reading(Richard Brinsley Sheridan). Difficult and hardare interchangeable in many instances:

“轻轻松松地写，从而表现你的教养,/但是轻松地写是困难地读的祸根”（理查·布林斯利·谢里登）。SKW Difficult和 hard这两个词在许多情况下是可以互换使用的：

a difficult (or hard) subject;

困难的（或 hard）课题；

a book that is difficult (or hard) to find. Difficult, however, is often preferable where the need for skill or ingenuity is implied:

很难找的一本书（或 hard）。然而Difficult一词在需要技术独创性的情况下，常会被使用：

All poetry is difficult to read,/The sense of it is, anyhow(Robert Browning). Arduousrefers to what involves burdensome labor or sustained physical or spiritual effort:

“诗歌总是难读的／无论如何，它的意义如此”（罗伯特·布朗宁）。SKW Arduous指需要付出难于忍受的劳动或持续的肉体上或精神上的努力的：

knowledge at which [Isaac] Newton arrived through arduous and circuitous paths(Macaulay).

“艾萨克·牛顿经过艰辛的和曲折的道路所得到的知识”（麦考利）。

Negotiating a reduction in nuclear arms is a long and arduous undertaking.

有关削减核武器的谈判是一项漫长而艰苦的工作

求高考英语词汇手册(外文出版社)112-9的mp3

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英语词汇的奥秘超级10000单词（54...

2. of one’s own accord

=without beingasked; willingly; freely自愿地 ,主动地

3. in accord with 与…一致 .

out of one’s accordwith 同….不一致

4. in accordance with =inagreement with 依照,根据

5. on one’s own account

a) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益

b) =at one’s own risk自行负责

c) =by oneself依靠自己

8. accuse…of=charge…with; blame **.for sth. ; blame sth. on **. ; complain about指控,控告

9. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理

10. adapt oneself to=adjust oneself to 使自己适应于

11. adhere to粘附; 坚持, 遵循

=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on,persist in, observe, opinion, belief，stick to

14. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.

15. make the best of,utilize, make use of, 利用.

18. in the air a)不肯定, 不具体. b)在谣传中.

19. allow for =take into consideration, take into account 考虑到, 估计到.

21.

all atonce=suddenly突然; once and for all 只此一次;

all in all 大体上说; beall in 累极了; all but 几乎.

22. amount to =to be equal to总计, 等于.

23. answer for =undertake responsibility for, be liable for, takecharge for 对…负责.

24. answer to =conform to适合,符合.

27. appeal to **. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to **. 对某人有吸引力

28. approve of =consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to,consider good 赞成,

29. arise from=be caused by 由…引起.

30. arrange for **./sth. todo sth. 安排…做…

31. be ashamed of=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done以…为羞耻

32. assure **. of sth. =try to cause to believe or trust in sth. 向…保证, 使…确信.

34. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…

35. attend to 注意,照顾;

36. attribute…to…=to believe sth. to bethe result of…把..归因于..,认为是..的结果

39. at one’s back=supporting or favoring **.支持,维护;

have **. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台

40. turn one’s back on **. =turn away from ** in an impoliteway不理睬,背弃,抛弃

43. on behalf of =as the representative of以…名义

45. boast of |about吹嘘

47. in brief=in as few words as possible简言之

48. in bulk 成批地,不散装的

49. take the floor 起立发言

52. be acquainted with=to have knowledge of 了解;

=to have met socially熟悉

53. in case of =in the event of如果发生…万一

in the case of 至于…, 就…而言

57. charge **. with …控告某人犯有…

58. take charge of =to be or become responsible for负责管理(照顾)

59. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually withoutstopping) 昼夜不停地

60. commit oneself to 使自己承担…

commit**. to prison把某人送进监狱;

commit one’s idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来;

commit a matterto a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论

61. keep company with =be friendly and go out together和…要好.

63. by comparison 比较起来

64. compensate for =give sth. to make up for 补偿, 赔偿,弥补

compensate**. for sth. 赔偿,弥补

67. conceive of =think of,imagine, consider 想象,设想

69. be concerned with (=about) 与…有关

70. on condition that =if以…为条件, 假如

in that = because 因为;

now that = since 既然 for all that = although 尽管

71.in / out of condition =thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit 健康状况好/不好

in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态

73. confide（吐露，委托） in 对…讲真心话, 依赖

74. confidence in **. / sth. 对…的信赖

75. confine…to… 把…限制在某范围内

76. confirm **. in 使某人更坚定(信念等)

78. be confronted with=bebrought face to face with 面对, 面临

80. in connection with=with regard(respect) to关于,

81. be conscious of=be aware of觉察,知道perceive

82. consent to=give agreement to permission同意

83. in consequence =as a result 结果

84. under consideration 在考虑中

85. consist of=be composed of由…组成的.

consist in主要在于.

consist with符合,与…一致

86. consult **. on/ about sth. 向…征求…方面的意见, 就…向…请教

87. to one’s heart’s content尽情地,痛痛快快

88.be content to do sth. 愿意做某事

89.contrary to =in opposition to 与…相反

on the contrary 相反

in contrast to/with 和…形成对比 bycontrast 对比之下

91. contribute to 有助于

93. at one’s convenience

94. convince **. of使某人确信

try to persuade**. to do sth.劝说某人做…

95. cope with=deal with, tryto find a solution to应付, 处理

96. in the corner(of)在角落里

on(at) the comerof a street在街道拐弯处

round the comer拐过弯

be in a tightcorner陷入困境

97. correspond (with) =exchange letters regularly通信

98. correspond to 相当于

correspond with 符合,一致

99. at all costs不惜任何代价

at the cost of 以…为代价

100. a matter of course 理所当然的事

101. (a) passion for 对…的热爱,热情

102. be patient with 对…耐心

103. pay for 赔偿, 付款, 报偿, 处罚

104. (be) at peace with 与…和睦相处 in peace (=peacefully)安静,平安

105. peculiar to… 特有的, 独具的

106. penalty for 对…的处罚,罚金

107. persist in 坚持,固执

108. in person 亲自, 当面

109. in place 放在应放的地方

110. in place of =instead of代替

111. take(a) pleasure in 喜欢做某事

112. be on the point of doing sth. =be about to do sth.刚要去做

113. beside the point 不切正题,无关紧要

114. come to the point 谈主要问题

115. there is no point in doing sth.没必要做某事

116. to the point 中肯, 切题

117. point at =indicate, direct attention指着 pointout =indicate, show指出,指明

118. popular with/among大众所喜爱的,拥戴

119. in the position of 处在…位置上

120. in practice 实际上(状语);业务熟练(表语)

121. be(get) out of practice 荒疏,不熟练

122. bring(put)…into practice使…成为现实

123. prefer…to… =choose rather, likebetter 宁要, 更喜欢

124. in the presence of 在…在场的情况下

125. for the present=for the time being, for now暂且,就现在来说;

at present现在,此刻

126. preside over / at 主持(会议,业务等)

127. prevail over 占优势, 压倒, 战胜

129. previous to =prior to在…之前

130. take pride in=pride oneself on 以…自豪

131. in principle =only in regard to the main idea 原则上

133. in private =privately 私下, 秘密地 in public 公开地

134. proceed from =arise from, result from 由…发出, 由…引起(产生)

135. proceed with =begin andcontinue sth. 继续进行

136. in progress=in the state of be done进行中

138. in proportion to 与…成比例

143. be qualified in 在某种科目或学科上合格 be qualified for 在某种职业上合格

144. call…in question 对…表示怀疑

145. in question=under discussion所谈及的;

150. beyond the reach of 无法达到(得到,理解)

152. in the red 亏损,负债,赤字 (be) get out of red 不再亏损

153. give one’s regards to **. 向…问候

154. relevant to 与…有关的

155. to one’s relief 令…感到放心的是

156. remark on(upon) 对…发表评论

157. remedy for 对…治疗法, 补救, 药物

158. resort to 诉诸于.., 求助于…

resort to force 诉诸于武力

159. in/with respect to =concerning有关,关于

161. restrain…from=hold back from抑制..不..

162. get rid of 摆脱, 去掉, 除去

163.be in the right正确的;in the wrong错误的

164. give rise to=lead to 引起, 导致

165. at the risk of=with danger of冒...的风险

166. for the sake of =forthe good or advantage of 为了…起见

167. be for sale 待售

168. on sale =offered to be sold 出售, 上市

170．be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的

171. cure **. of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病

172．a danger to对…的危险; be in danger(of)处于…危险中; be out of danger脱离危险

173. to date=so far, until now 到目前为止

174. out of date过时的；up to date新式的,时兴的;

date back to可追溯到; datefrom从某时期开始(有)

176. be in debt to **. 欠…的债

177. on the decline 在衰退中, 在减少中

in decline 下降; on the increase 在增加

178. to one’s delight 令某人感到高兴

to one’s regret 遗憾;

sorrow悲痛; relief 安心; distress 苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise 惊奇; astonishment 惊奇;

179. delight in=take great pleasure in doing sth.喜欢, 取乐

180. take (a) delight in 喜欢干…, 以…为乐

181. demand sth. of **. 向某人要求(非物质的)东西.

demand sth. from **. 向某人要求(物质的)东西

182.in demand有需求;on demand受到要求时

184. deprive **. of sth. 剥夺某人某物

185. derive…from=obtain…from从…取得,由…来的

.derive from=comefrom起源于

186. despair of =lose all hope of 绝望

187. in despair 绝望

188. despite =in spite of不管, 尽管

189. in detail 详细地

190. deviate from 偏离, 不按…办

192. differ from…in 与…的区别在于…

194. discharge **. (from)…for =di**iss **. from a job for因…解雇, 开除

195. fall back =retreat, turn back 撤退;

in disorder 慌乱地, 狼狈不堪

196. on display=being shown publicly陈列

197. dispose of =get rid of ,throw away处理掉

198. beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议

199. in dispute 在争议中

200. in the distance 在远处. make out 辩认出

201. (be) distinct from = be different from与…截然不同

202. distinguish between =make or recognize differences 辨别

203. distinguish…from 把…与…区别开

204. do away with=get rid of;abolish; discard, eliminate 除去,废除,取消;

do away with =kill杀掉, 镇压

205. have…to do with 与…有关系

206. without doubt =undoubtedly无可置疑地

207. in doubt=in a condition of uncertainty对…表示疑惑

208. be due to 是由于

209. come off duty 下班

210. go on duty 上班

211. be on duty 值班, 值日, 在上班时

212. be in duty bound to do=be required byone’s job or esp. by conscience有义务(做)

214. by ear =play music frommemory without having seen it printed 凭记忆,不看乐谱

215. have an ear for 对..有鉴赏力

216. a word in one’s ear 私房话, 秘密话

217. on earth 究竟, 到底, 全然

219. at (one’s) ease = without worry or nervousness自在,不拘束

220. put **. at his / her ease =free **. from worry or nervousness使某人感到无拘束

221. economize on 节省

222. have an effect on 对…有影响

223. be in effect =be in operation有效

224. go into effect生效近: come into effect takeeffect be brought into effect

225. in effect =in fact,really实际上

226. give effect to =carry out 实行,使…生效

227. to no effect 不起作用,没有取得任何效果

228. (be) of no effect =useless 无效

229. to the effect that 大意是…,主要内容是…

230. to that effect 是那个意思的…

231. emerge from ( =appear, become known ) 出现, 暴露(问题. 意见等)

232. place(or put, lay) an emphasis on 强调, 把重点放在…上

233. encourage **. in 鼓励;

encourage **. in his/her work 鼓励某人工作;

encourage **. inhis/her idleness 怂恿某人游手好闲

234. encourage **. in …with sth. 用…鼓励某人做某事

235. on end =continuously连续地

236. (be) at an end =finished结束了

237. no end of =very many/much 很多,大量

238. in the end=finally, eventually 最终

239. at one’s wit’s end 无法可想, 智穷计尽

244. enter for 报名参加

245. enter into (=begin) 开始(谈话, 谈判等)

246. enter on / upon (=begin) 开始 (一个时代. 一种生涯. 一段任期等)

247. be entitled to 有权…,有资格…

249. be/feel equal to =have enough strength, ability etc.(某人)能胜任,能应付

on equal terms(=onand equal footing)平等地

250. be equipped with 装备有,装有

251. (be) equivalent to=equal in value, amount, meaning相等于, 相当于

252. in essence =in its/one’s nature本质上

253. at all events = in anycase 不论怎样, 无论如何

254. in any event 无论如何, 不管(将来)怎么样

255. in the event that(=if) 假如, 如果.

in the event 结果, 实际情况是(与but连用)

256. in the event of=in case of万一,即使发生..时

260. (an) exception to …的例外

[非常急]翻译论文摘要、关键词、标题

浅谈新经济条件下的企业文化建设

TITLE: About the Building of Corporate Culture under New Economic Conditions

【摘要】随着知识经济时代的到来和经济全球化、竞争国际化的发展，企业文化作为企业发展的内在驱动力和决定企业兴衰的关键因素发挥着越来越重要的作用。我国企业能否在新经济带来的机遇和挑战面前迅速转变观念和机制，不断提高核心竞争能力，关键取决于企业文化的建设。本文通过对我国企业文化建设现状及存在问题的分析与总结，探讨了新经济条件下的企业文化建设策略。

ABSTRACT: Corporate culture, as the inner driver and one of the key factors in the process of company’s development, plays a more and more important role with the approaching of knowledge economy and the development of economic globalization and competitive internationalization. So whether our companies can reform their conception and mechani** with the opportunities and challenges brought by the new economy or not, the most important phase is the building of corporate culture. Through the ****ysis and conclusion of the current situation and problems existed in our corporate culture, this paper tries to discuss the strategies of the building of corporate culture under New Economic Conditions.

【关键词】企业文化新经济企业发展

KEY WORDS: corporate culture new economy the development of company

专业八级翻译（有任何问题可以交流）

写作文常用的单词英文

1. 给点高中英语写作文常用的单词和句子

常用句型：开头： When it es to 。

, some think 。 There is a public debate today that 。

A is a men way of 。, but is it a wise one? Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus. 提出观点： Now there is a growing awareness that。

It is time we explore the truth of 。 Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible. 进一步提出观点：。

but that is only part of the history. Another equally important aspect is 。 A is but one of the many effects. Another is 。

提出假想例子的方式： Suppose that。 Just imagine what would be like if。

It is reasonable to expect。 It is not surprising that。

举普通例子： For example(instance),。。

such as A,B,C and so on (so forth) A good case in point is。引用： One of the greatest early writers said 。

"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of 。 "。

". That is how *** ment ( criticize/ praise。

). "。

". How often we hear such words like there. 讲故事：（先说故事主体），this story is not rare. 。, such delimma we often meet in daily life. 。

, the story still has a realistic significance. 提出原因： There are many reasons for 。 Why 。

. , for one thing,。 The answer to this problem involves many factors. Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves 。

The first reason can be obiviously seen. Most people would agree that。进行对比： The advantages for A for oueigh the disadvantages of。

Although A enjoys a distinct advantage 。 Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned. A maybe 。

, but it suffers from the disadvantage that。承上启下： To understand the truth of 。

, it is also important to see。 A study of 。

will make this point clear 让步： Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as。 I do not deny that A has its own merits. 结尾： From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that 。

In summary, it is wiser 。 In short。

一.开头用语：良好的开端等于成功的一半.在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说，直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。

1.议论论文： A. Just as every coin has o sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages. B. Compared to/ In parison with letters, e-mails are more convenient. C. When it es to puters, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,。 D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside. 2. 书信： A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar. B. I read an advertisement in today's China Daily and I apply for the job。

C. Thank you for your letter of May 5. 二.并列用语： as well as, not only…but (also), including, A. Not only do puters play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life. B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture. C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French. D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily munication. 三.对比用语： on one hand ,on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to 。, though, for one thing ;for another, nevertheless A. I know the Inter can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand, it is being more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures. B. It is hard work; I enjoy it though. C. Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun. 四. 递进用语： even, besides, what's more, as for, so…that…， worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worse A. The house is too *** all for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what's more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location. 五. 例证用语： in one's opinion, that is to say, for example, for instance, as a matter of fact, in fact, namely A. As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life. B. There is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education. 六. 时序用语： first/firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same time, in the meantime, shortly after, nowadays, A. They will be here soon. Meanwhile, let's have coffee. B. Firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty. 七. 强调用语： especially, indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth.. , not at all , A. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep. B What in the world/on earth are you doing？八. 因果用语： thanks to, because, as a result, because of/as a result of , without, with the help of。

, owe 。to。

A. The pany 。

2. 英语作文常用的单词和短语

first,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first place

second,secondly, to start with, still, furthermore

third,thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least

also, and then, next, besides

and equally important too moreover

besides ,in addtion ,finally

单词：and but so as therefore besides without freedom 自由 deem=think 认为 respond 反应，回应 pursue 从事，管理 provide 提供，给予 indispensable 必需的，必要的 obtain 得到 ideal 理想 practical 现实 inform 通知 survey 调查 environment 环境 while 当。时候，然而 regard as 把。。当作 escape from 逃避 in addition 还有，再加上 in my opinion 在我看来 give priority to 重视 take into consideration=take into account 考虑 to one`s taste 合。..口味 tend to 趋向于 of no exception 。。也不例外（Everything has both position and negative aspects,and 。..is of no except 每件事都有两面性，。..也不例外） in the end 最后 by parison 通过比较 with the number of 有。..的数量句子：There is a sury done recently about 。..这里是一个关于。。的调查 As can be seen from the table 。。在图表上我们能看到。。 the former 。.. and the later 。。.前一个是。.. 后一个是。。 It goes without any question that 。。。..是毫无疑问的

3. 英语作文常用词汇

1.完全：absolute, unconditional, unlimited, plete, unrestricted, unmixed, perfect, entire2.好：extraordinary, amazing, miraculous, marvelous, stupendous, excellent, good, well, wonderful, fine, nice, of high quality, pleasing, surprising, agreeable3.小： *** all, diminutive, puny, little, pocket-sized, petit, minute, tiny4.多：big , enormous, large, gigantic, vast, tremendous, gargantuan, huge, immense, a lot of, lots of, many, much, plenty of, a great deal of, a number of, an amount of, a great many, a good many, many a, scores of, dozens of, a great quantity of5.高兴，快乐：delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, charmed, pleasant, cheerful, cheering, merry, happy, gratified, glad, gay, agreeable, friendly, content, satisfied, light-hearted, joyful6.真的：True, truthful, veracious, faithful, accurate, loyal, staunch, genuine, honest, real, trusorthy, constant.7.全，都：all, whole, entire, plete, perfect, total, the whole number of , unbroken , gross常见的连接词连接词根据其本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义可分为几类：a.表示开场to begin with , in the first place , in general , generally speakingb.表示总结to summarize , to sum up , to conclude , in conclusion , finallyc.表示举例a case in point , a good illustration / example of … is …，d.表示原因because , since , for , the cause of , the reason for , now thate.表示结果as a result , as a consequence , consequentlyf.表示比较both , like , likewise , similarly , in mon , in the same wayg.表示对照on the contrary , on the other hand , despite , in spite of , howeverh.表示列举first , firstly , in the first place , first of all , to begin withi.表示强调especially , particularly , certainly , surely , chiefly , actuallyj.表示让步even though , although , in spite of , however , but ,yet写作的启、承、转、合常用词语小结1.有关“启”的常用词语（用来引导主题句或跟在主题句的后面，引导第一个扩展句）at first 首先at present 现在；当今currently 现在；最近first 首先；第一first of all 首先firstly 首先2.有关“承”的常用词语（用来承接主题句或第一个扩展句）to start with 首先；第一after 此后after a few days 几天之后after a while 过了一会儿also 并且at any rate 无论如何at the same time 同时（用在“转”时，作“可是”解）besides(this) 此外3.有关“转”的常用词语（用来表示不同或相反的语气）after all 毕竟all the same 虽然；但是anyway 无论如何at the same time 可是（表轻微转折）but 但是conversely 相反地despite 尽管，虽然4.有关“合”的常用词语（用来引导结尾句或最后一个扩展句，表示段落的结束）above all 最重要accordingly 于是as a consequence 因此as a result 结果as has been noted 如前所述及。

4. 【英语作文中常用的词组怎样才能写好一篇英语作文

一）连接词（1）表选择关系或对等关系的连接词：either…or…，neither…nor, or, as well as…， and, both…and…. （2）表因果关系或对等关系的连接词：therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …，because of, due to …，owing to, thanks to等. （3）表时间顺序的连接词：the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhyle, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first(second…)time, the minute等. （4）表转折关系的连接词：yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time（然而）等. （5）表解释说明的连接词：that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等. （6）表递进关系的连接词：not only…but (also), what,s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等. （7）表示总结的连接词：in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等. （三）注意以下过渡词的用法 1、表示时间的 af first 起初 next 接下来 then 然后 after that 那以后 later 后来 soon 不久 soon/shortly after ……之后不久 finally 最后 in the end 最后 eventually 最终 at last 终于 lately 近来 recently 最近 since then 自从那时起 after that 那以后 in no time 不一会儿 after a while 一会儿 afterward 后来 to begin/start with=in the first place 首先、第一点 immediately 立即、马上 meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在此期间、同时 earlier, until now 直到现在 suddenly=all of a sudden 突然 as a young man 当…… 是个年轻人的时候 at the age of… 在……岁的时候 as early as 早……的时候 as soon as 一……就…… before, the other day 几天前 early in the morning 大清早 after/before dark 天黑后/前 one day 有一天 one afternoon 一天下午 one morning 一天早晨 2、表示空间的 to the right/left 朝右/左 on the rinht/left 在右/左边 in the middle of 在中间 in front of 在前面 in the front of 在前面 at the back of 在后面 at the bottom of 在底部 on the edge of 在……的边上 on top of 在……的顶部 opposite to 与……相对 close to 靠近 near to 在……附近 next to 与……相邻 under 垂直在下 over 垂直在上 below 在下方 above 在上方 across 在……的另一边 around 在周围 behind 在后 before 在前 against 靠着、抵着 further on 再往前 3、表示列举和时序 first, second, third…finally firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally first of all, next then, lastly for one thing…for another… at the same time at first at last 4、表示列举 for example 例如：…… namely 即…… for instance 例如：…… that is (to say) 也就是说 such as 如…… take…for example 拿……来说 like 像…… 5、表示比较或对比 like 像 unlike 不像 similarly 同样地 in the same way 以相同的方式 pared to 与……相比 while 而 still=nevertheless 然而 on the contrary 正相反 different from 与……不同 on (the) one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面 in contrast with 与……成对比 6、表示增补 and 而且 both…and 不但……而且 not only…but also 不但……而且 as well as 不但……而且 also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且 in addition 并且 apart from 除了……之外 what's more 而且、更重要的 for another 另一方面 worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是 including 包括 7、表示因果 because 因为 since 既然 as 由于 now that 既然 therefore 因此 thus 这样 so 所以 as a result (of) 结果 because of=on account of 因为 thanks to 多亏、由于 for this reason 由于这个原因 if so 如果这样 if not 如果不是这样 8、表示目的 for this purpose in order to do so as to do so that… in order that… 9、表示让步 though/although no matter+疑问句 in spite of whatever/however/whoever even if/ even though 10、表示递进或强调 besides 况且 what's more 更重要地是 thus 这样 above all 首先 indeed 的确 in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上 in other words 换句话说 in that case 那样的话 or rather 更确切地说 particularly 特别地 11、表示转折 but 但是 still 然而 however 然而 while 而 12、表示总结 in a/one word 简言之、一句话、总之 generally speaking 一般说来 in short=in a few words 简言之 in conclusion=lastly 最后地 on the whole=taking everything into consideration 从总体来看、大体上 so 所以 therefore 因此 thus 这样 as has been mentioned 正如所提到的 it is quite clear that 很显然 there is no doubt that 毫无疑问 it is well-known that 大家都知道 as we all know=as is known to us all 大家都知道 as/so far as I know 据我所知 to sum up=to summarize=in summary 总之 13、表示转折话题 by the way 顺便说 I am afraid 我恐怕 in my opinion 依我看来 to tell the truth 说实话 to be honest 诚实地说 in face 事实上。

5. 英语作文常用单词有哪些

what's more并且。

First . second ..third ..last 第1 第2 第3 最后..

For one thing.. for another。一方面另一方面

Even though甚至

in fact实际上

in a word总之

In my view在我看来

as we know

众所周知

I hope that 。.我希望。

It is + adj + for *** to do sth

用in,on,behind,under组词组各3个

result in导致，in surprise惊讶，in the end最后

turn on打开，on duty值日，on time准时

behind the scenes在幕后 behind the times过时 behind the wheel开车掌管

under attack被攻击 under control被控制 under discussion讨论中

满意请采纳，谢谢

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