论文摘要翻译

《 论中美贸易争端的实质与解决措施 》

【Analysis On the Substance and Solutions of Sino-America Trade Controversy 】

摘要

Abstract

中美经贸关系是中美关系的重要组成部分。作为世界上最大的发展中国家和最大的发达国家，中美两国在自然以及人力资源、市场、资金、技术各方面具有很强的互补性，中美经贸关系的稳定健康发展符合两国的长远利益。

Sino-US economic and trade relations is an essential component element of Sino-us relations. As the largest developing country and the most advanced country, China and the United States are therefore highly complementary with each other in all the respects of nature as well as human resources, market, funds and technique, the stable and healthy development of Sino-US economic and trade relations is in long-term interests.

自中美建交以来，中美贸易在快速增长的同时争端不断，尤其是近些年来，随着中美贸易的高速增长，两国间的贸易争端问题也不断加深。

Since the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and the US, the Sino-America trade has been rapidly increasing while there are ongoing conflicts all the time. Particularly, in the recent years, along with the rapid increasing of Sino-America trade, the controversies between two countries have been deepened.

本文主要论述了中美贸易争端的现状和成因，论述了贸易争端形成的原因，从而揭开中美贸易争端的实质，并提出解决措施。

In this paper, mainly narrates the situation and result of Sino-America trade conflicts and discuss the forming causes of trading conflicts, so as to disclosure the substance of Sino-America trade controversies and propose solutions and measures.

【关键词】：

Key words

中美贸易；Sino-America trade

争端；Controversy

原因；Cause

解决措施: Solutions

哪里有1980年普利策新闻奖的假新闻jimmy's world 的英文原稿啊，急求!

Jimmy is 8 years old and a third-generation ****** addict, a precocious little boy with sandy hair, velvety brown eyes and needle marks freckling the baby-**ooth skin of his thin brown arms.

He nestles in a large, beige reclining chair in the living room of his comfortably furnished home in Southeast Washington. There is an almost cherubic expression on his **all, round face as he talks about life -- clothes, money, the Baltimore Orioles and ******. He has been an addict since the age of 5. His hands are clasped behind his head, fancy running shoes adorn his feet, and a striped Izod T-shirt hangs over his thin frame. "Bad, ain't it," he boasts to a reporter visiting recently. "I got me six of these."

Jimmy's is a world of hard drugs, fast money and the good life he believes both can bring. Every day, junkies casually buy herion from Ron, his mother's live-in-lover, in the dining room of Jimmy's home. They "cook" it in the kitchen and "fire up" in the bedrooms. And every day, Ron or someone else fires up Jimmy, plunging a needle into his bony arm, sending the fourth grader into a hypnotic nod.

Jimmy prefers this atmosphere to school, where only one subject seems relevant to fulfilling his dreams. "I want to have me a bad car and dress good and also have me a good place to live," he says. "So, I pretty much pay attention to math because I know I got to keep up when I finally get me something to sell."

Jimmy wants to sell drugs, maybe even on the District's meanest street, Condon Terrace SE, and some day deal ******, he says, "just like my man Ron."

Ron, 27, and recently up from the South, was the one who first turned Jimmy on."He'd be buggin' me all the time about what the shots were and what people was doin' and one day he said, 'When can I get off?'" Ron says, leaning against a wall in a ******** haze, his eyes half closed, yet piercing. "I said, 'Well, s . . ., you can have some now.' I let him snort a little and, damn, the little dude really did get off."

Six months later, Jimmy was hooked. "I felt like I was part of what was goin' down," he says. "I can't really tell you how it feel. You never done any? Sort of like them rides at King's Dominion . . . like if you was to go on all of them in one day.

"It be real different from herb (marijuana). That's baby s---. Don't nobody here hardly ever **oke no herb. You can't hardly get none right now anyway."

Jimmy's mother Andrea accepts her son's habit as a fact of life, although she will not inject the child herself and does not like to see others do it.

"I don't really like to see him fire up," she says. "But, you know, I think he would have got into it one day, anyway. Everybody does. When you live in the ghetto, it's all a matter of survival. If he wants to get away from it when he's older, then that's his thing. But right now, things are better for us than they've ever been. . . . Drugs and black folk been together for a very long time."

Heroin has become a part of life in many of Washington's neighborhoods, affecting thousands of teen-agers and *****s who feel cut off from the world around them, and filtering down to untold numbers of children like Jimmy who are bored with school and battered by life.

On street corners and playgrounds across the city, youngsters often no older than 10 relate with uncanny accuracy the names of important dealers in their neighborhoods, and the going rate for their wares. For the uninitiated they can recite the color, taste, and **ell of things such as ******, ******e, and marijuana, and rattle off the colors in a rainbow made of pills.

The ****** problem in the District has grown to what some call epidemic proportions, with the daily influx of so-called "Golden Crescent" ****** from Iran, Pakistan, and Afghanistan, making the city fourth among six listed by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency as major points of entry for ****** in the United States. The "Golden Crescent" ****** is stronger and cheaper than the Southeast Asian and Mexican varieties previously available on the street, and its easy accessiblity has added to what has long been a serious problem in the nation's capital.

David G. Canaday, special agent in charge of the DEA's office here, says the agency "can't do anything about it [Golden Crescent ******] because we have virtually no diplomatic ties in that part of the world." While judiciously avoiding the use of the term epidemic, Canaday does say that the city's ****** problem is "sizable."

Medical experts, such as Dr. Alyce Gullatte, director of the Howard University Drug Abuse Institute, say that ****** is destroying the city. And D.C.'s medical examiner, James Luke, has recorded a substantial increase in the number of deaths from ****** overdose, from seven in 1978 to 43 so far this year.

Death has not yet been a visitor to the house where Jimmy lives.

The kitchen and upstairs bedrooms are a human collage. People of all shapes and sizes drift into the dwelling and its various rooms, some jittery, uptight and anxious for a fix, others calm and serene after they finally "get off."

A fat woman wearing a white uniform and blond wig with a needle jabbed in it like a hatpin, totters down the staircase announcing that she is "feeling fine." A teen-age couple drift through the front door, the girl proudly pulling a syringe of the type used by diabetics from the hip pocket of her Gloria Vanderbilt jeans. "Got me a new one," she says to no one in particular as she and her boyfriend wander off into the kitchen to cook their snack and shoot each other up.

These are normal occurrences in Jimmy's world. Unlike most children his age, he doesn't usually go to school, preferring instead to hang with older boys between the ages of 11 and 16 who spend their day getting high on herb or PCP and doing a little dealing to collect spare change.

When Jimmy does find his way into the classroom, it is to learn more about his favorite subject -- math.

"You got to know how to do some figuring if you want to go into business," he says pragmatically. Using his mathematical skills in any other line of work is a completely foreign notion.

"They don't BE no jobs," Jimmy says. "You got to have some money to do anything, got to make some cash. Got to be selling something people always want to buy. Ron say people always want to buy some horse. My mama say it, too. She be using it and her mama be using it. It's always gonna be somebody who can use it. . . .

"The rest of them dudes on the street is sharp. You got to know how many of them are out there, how much they charge for all the different s---, who gonna buy from them and where their spots be . . . they bad, you know, cause they in business for themselves. Ain't nobody really telling them how they got to act."

In a city overflowing with what many consider positive role models for a black child with almost any ambition -- doctors, lawyers, politicians, bank presidents -- Jimmy wants most to be a good dope dealer. He says that when he is older, "maybe about 11," he would like to "go over to Condon Terrace (notorious for its open selling of drugs and violent way of life) or somewhere else and sell." With the money he says he would buy a German Shepherd dog and a bicycle, maybe a basketball, and save the rest "so I could buy some real s--- and sell it."

His mother doesn't view Jimmy's ambitions with alarm, perhaps because drugs are as much a part of Andrea's world as they are of her son's.

She never knew her father. Like her son, Andrea spent her childhood with her mother and the man with whom she lived for 15 years. She recalls that her mother's boyfriend routinely forced her and her younger sister to have sex with him, and Jimmy is the product of one of those rapes.

Depressed and discouraged after his birth ("I didn't even name him, you know?My sister liked the name Jimmy and I said 'OK, call him that, who gives a fu--? I guess we got to call him something, don't we?'") she quickly accepted the offer of ****** from a woman who used to shoot up with her mother.

"It was like nothing I ever knew about before; you be in another world, you know? No more baby, no more mama . . . I could quit thinking about it. After I got off, I didn't have to be thinking about nothing."

Threee years later, the family moved after police discovered the shooting gallery in their home, and many of Andrea's sources of ****** dried up. She turned to prostitution and shoplifting to support a $60-a-day habit. Soon after, she met Ron, who had just arrived in Washington and was selling a variety of pills, angel dust and some ******. She saw him as a way to get off the street and readily agreed when he asked her to move in with him.

"I was tired of sleeping with all those different dudes and boosting (shoplifting) at Woodies. And I didn't think it would be bad for Jimmy to have some kind of man around," she says.

Indeed, social workers in the Southeast Washington community say that so many young black children become involved with drugs because there is no male authority figure present in the home.

"A lot of these parents (of children involved with drugs) are the unwed mothers of the '60s, and they are bringing up their children by trial and error," says Linda Gilbert, a social worker at Southeast Neighborhood House.

"The family structure is not there so they [the children] establish a relationship with their peers. If the peers are into drugs, it won't be very long before the kids are, too. . . . They don't view drugs as illegal, and if they are making money, too, then it's going to be OK in the eyes of an economically deprived community."

Addicts who have been feeding their habits for 35 years or more are not uncommon in Jimmy's world, and although medical experts say that there is an extremely high risk of his death from an overdose, it is not inconceivable that he will live to reach *****hood.

"He might already be close to getting a lethal dose," Dr. Dorynne Czechowisz of the National Institute on Drug Abuse says."Much of this depends on the amount he's getting and the frequency with which he's getting it. But I would hate to say that his early death is inevitable. If he were to get treatment, it probably isn't too late to help him. And assuming he doesn't OD before then, he could certainly grow into an addicted *****."

At the end of the evening of strange questions about his life, Jimmy slowly changes into a different child. The calm and self-assured little man recedes. cThe jittery and ill-behaved boy takes over as he begins going into withdrawal. tHe is twisting uncomfortably in his chair one minute, irritatingly raising and lowering a vinyl window blind the next.

"Be cool," Ron admonishes him, walking out of the room.

Jimmy picks up a green "Star Wars" force beam toy and begins flicking the light on and off.

Ron comes back into the living room, syringe in hand, and calls the little boy over to his chair: "Let me see your arm."

He grabs Jimmy's left arm just above the elbow, his massive hand tightly encircling the child's **all limb. Theneedle slides into the boy's soft skin like a straw pushed into the center of a freshly baked cake. Liquid ebbs out of the syringe, replaced by bright red blood. The blood is then reinjected into the child.

Jimmy has closed his eyes during the whole procedure, but now he opens them, looking quickly around the room. He climbs into a rocking chair and sits, his head dipping and snapping upright again, in what addicts call "the nod."

"Pretty soon, man," Ron says, "you got to learn how to do this for yourself."

It has been 60 years ______ the two countries established diplomatic ties. A．that B．after .

D

句型it is/has been +段时间+since“自从…以来多长时间”“自从这两个国家建立外交关系以来60年了”选D。

The trade friction contrasts with recent efforts by the EU to improve its diplomaticties with Asia.

The trade friction contrasts with recent efforts by the EU to improve its diplomaticties with Asia.

这个句子 to improve its diplomaticties with Asia做句子什么语是修饰the EU的定语还是整个句子的状语呢，有时碰到这样的句子就会出问题，就像对于加介词的

答：句子分析有助于理解。

主语：The trade friction 贸易摩擦

谓语：contrasts with 与。。。形成对比。

宾语：recent efforts 最近的努力

定语1. by the EU. 欧共体所作出的，修饰efforts

定语2. to improve its diplomaticties with Asia. 不可能是修饰EU的，还是efforts的定语。

为改善它与亚洲的外交关系而作出的

我要作一张时政小报,给个素材(追100分)

中非关系友好发展

各位同事、各位朋友！

今年正值新中国同非洲国家开启外交关系50周年。中国与非洲虽然远隔重洋，但中非人民友谊源远流长、历久弥坚。在漫漫历史长河中，中非人民自强不息、坚忍不拔，创造了各具特色、绚烂多彩的古代文明。近代以来，中非人民不甘奴役、顽强抗争，谱写了追求自由解放、捍卫人类尊严的光辉篇章，创造了国家建设、民族振兴的辉煌历史。中国和非洲的发展进步，为推进人类文明进步事业作出了重大贡献。

Dear colleagues and friends,

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the inauguration of diplomatic ties between New China and African countries. Though vast oceans keep China and Africa far apart, the friendship between our peoples has a long history and, having been tested by times, is strong and vigorous. In the long course of history, the Chinese and African peoples, with an unyielding and tenacious spirit, created splendid and distinctive ancient civilizations. In the modern era, our peoples launched unremitting and heroic struggle against subjugation, and have written a glorious chapter in the course of pursuing freedom and liberation, upholding human dignity, and striving for economic development and national rejuvenation. The progress and development of China and Africa are a major contribution to the advancement of human civilisation.

50年来，中非人民紧密团结，中非友好不断深化。中非各领域交流合作全面发展，取得了丰硕成果。中非在国际事务中相互信任、协调配合，共同维护发展中国家的正当权益。

中国始终坚定支持非洲民族解放和国家建设，从培训技术人员到培训各类人才，从援建坦赞铁路到援建各项工程，从派遣医疗队员到派遣维和官兵，都体现了中国人民对非洲人民的情谊。中国人民不会忘记非洲朋友当年全力支持中华人民共和国恢复在联合国的合法席位，不会忘记非洲国家和人民真诚希望中国完成和平统一大业、热切盼望中国实现现代化建设的宏伟目标。

During the past five decades, the Chinese and African peoples have forged close unity, and our friendship has flourished. China-Africa exchanges and cooperation have grown in all fields and yielded fruitful results. In international affairs, China and Africa enjoy trust and cooperate closely to uphold the legitimate rights and interests of the developing world.

In all these years, China has firmly supported Africa in winning liberation and pursuing development. China has trained technical personnel and other professionals in various fields for Africa. It has built the Tanzara Railway and other infrastructural projects and sent medical teams and peacekeepers to Africa. All this testifies to the friendship cherished by the Chinese people towards the African people. We in China will not forget Africa's full support for restoring the lawful rights of the People's Republic of China in the United Nations. Nor will we forget the sincere and ardent wish of African countries and people for China to realise complete and peaceful reunification and achieve the goal of building a modern nation.

今天，中非友好已深深扎根在双方人民心中。中非友好之所以能够经受住历史岁月和国际风云变幻的考验，关键是我们在发展相互关系中始终坚持真诚友好、平等相待、相互支持、共同发展的正确原则。

——真诚友好，是中非友谊不断加强的坚实基础。我们双方都珍视中非传统友谊，诚心诚意致力于中非友好事业。

——平等相待，是中非互信日益增进的重要保证。我们双方都尊重对方自主选择的发展道路，高度重视对方的关切，认真学习对方的发展经验。

——相互支持，是中非合作长盛不衰的不竭动力。我们双方都衷心希望并真心支持对方发展进步，积极开展全方位合作。

——共同发展，是中非人民孜孜以求的共同目标。我们双方都坚持互利互惠的友好合作，让发展成果惠及双方人民。

Today, China-Africa friendship is deeply rooted in the hearts of our two peoples, and our friendship has endured the test of time and changes in the world. This is because we have never strayed from the principle of enhancing friendship, treating each other as equals, extending mutual support and promoting common development in building our ties.

- Friendship provides a solid foundation for reinforcing China- Africa friendly ties. We both value our traditional friendship and are committed to enhancing it.

- Treating each other as equals is crucial for ensuring mutual trust. We both respect the development path independently embarked upon by the other side. We both are serious in addressing each other's concerns and are eager to benefit from each other's practice in development.

- Mutual support is the driving force behind the ever growing China-Africa cooperation. We both wish to see progress in the development endeavour of the other side and sincerely support such endeavour. And we are engaged in comprehensive cooperation.

- Common development is the shared aspiration of the Chinese and African peoples. We are committed to pursuing mutually beneficial cooperation to bring the benefits of development to our peoples.

各位同事、各位朋友！

当前，国际形势正在发生深刻而复杂的变化。和平、发展、合作是当今时代的主旋律。世界多极化和经济全球化的趋势深入发展，科技进步日新月异，区域合作方兴未艾，各国相互依存不断加深，这些都为世界各国带来了难得的发展机遇。同时，全球发展不均衡，南北差距拉大，传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁相互交织，影响世界和平与发展的不稳定不确定因素增多，广大发展中国家实现可持续发展面临着严峻挑战。

中国是最大的发展中国家，非洲是发展中国家最集中的大陆，中国和非洲的人口占世界人口三分之一以上。没有中国和非洲的和平与发展，就没有世界的和平与发展。

Dear colleagues and friends,

The world today is undergoing profound and complex changes. But peace, development and cooperation remain the calling of the times. There is a growing trend towards multipolarity and economic globalization. Science and technology are making daily advance, regional cooperation is deepening and there is increasing interdependence among nations. All this has created rare development opportunities for the international community. On the other hand, imbalance in global development, widening gap between North and South, the combination of traditional and non-traditional security threats as well as increasing factors of instability and uncertainty standing in the way of peace and development all pose a daunting challenge to developing countries in their pursuit of sustainable development.

China is the largest developing country, and Africa is home to the largest number of developing countries. Our combined population accounts for over a third of the world total. Without peace and development in China and Africa, there will be no global peace and development.

在新形势下，中非共同利益在扩大，相互需求在增加。建立中非新型战略伙伴关系是中非合作的内在需要，也是促进世界和平与发展的必然要求。中非关系不断发展，不仅有利于中国和非洲的发展进步，而且有利于促进发展中国家的团结合作，有利于推动建立公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序。为进一步发展中非新型战略伙伴关系，中国愿同非洲国家在以下领域加强合作。

第一，深化平等互信的政治关系。保持高层互访和交往势头，建立定期高层政治对话机制，开展战略对话，增强政治互信，加深传统友谊，实现团结共进。

第二，拓展互利共赢的经济合作。发挥各自优势，密切经贸联系，拓宽合作领域，支持双方企业合作，提升人力资源开发合作水平，积极探索新的合作方式，共享发展成果。

第三，扩大相互借鉴的文化交流。加强人文对话，增进双方人民特别是青年一代的相互了解和友谊，加强教育、科技、文化、卫生、体育、旅游等领域的交流合作，为中非合作提供精神动力和文化支持。

第四，推动均衡和谐的全球发展。加强南南合作，推动南北对话，呼吁发达国家切实兑现市场准入、增加援助、减免债务等承诺，落实千年发展目标，促进经济全球化朝着有利于实现各国共同繁荣的方向发展。

第五，加强相互支持的国际合作。维护联合国**的宗旨和原则，尊重世界多样性，促进国际关系民主化，倡导互信互利的国际安全合作，加强磋商和协调，照顾彼此关切，共同应对各类全球性安全威胁和挑战。

In this new era, China and Africa share increasing common interests and have a growing mutual need. The forging of a new type of China-Africa strategic partnership is determined by the dynamics of China-Africa cooperation, and it represents our wish to promote global peace and development. Building strong ties between China and Africa will not only promote development of each side, but also help cement unity and cooperation among developing countries and contribute to establishing a just and equitable new international political and economic order. To enhance this new type of strategic partnership, China will strengthen cooperation with Africa in the following fields:

First, deepen political relation of equality and mutual trust. We will maintain high-level contacts and mutual visits, establish a regular high-level political dialogue mechani** and conduct strategic dialogue to enhance mutual political trust and traditional friendship and achieve common progress through unity.

Second, broaden win-win economic cooperation. We will give full play to our respective strength, enhance economic and trade ties, broaden areas of cooperation, support cooperation between our business communities, upgrade cooperation in human resources development and explore new ways of cooperation so that both sides will share the benefits of development.

Third, expand exchange for cultural enrichment. We will strengthen cultural and people-to-people exchanges to increase mutual understanding and friendship between our two peoples and particularly between the younger generation. We will enhance exchanges and cooperation in education, science and technology, culture, public health, sports and touri** to provide intellectual motivation and cultural support for China-Africa cooperation.

Fourth, promote balanced and harmonious global development. We will enhance South-South cooperation and promote North-South dialogue. We urge developed countries to honour their promises on market access, aid and debt relief. We should strive to meet the Millennium Development Goals and steer economic globalisation in the direction of creating prosperity for all.

Fifth, strengthen cooperation and mutual support in international affairs. We are committed to upholding the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, respecting diversity of the world and promoting democracy in international relations. We call for enhancing international security cooperation based on mutual trust and benefit and addressing each other's concerns through consultation and coordination so that we can jointly respond to threats and challenges to global security.

各位同事、各位朋友！

中国珍视中非友谊，始终把加强同非洲国家的团结合作作为中国外交政策的重要组成部分。中国将一如既往地支持非洲实施非洲发展新伙伴计划，支持非洲国家为加强联合自强、谋求地区和平稳定、实现经济振兴、提高国际地位所做的积极努力。

Dear colleagues and friends,

China values its friendship with Africa. To strengthen unity and cooperation with Africa is a key principle guiding China's foreign policy. China will continue to support Africa in implementing the New Partnership for Africa's Development and in its effort to strengthen itself through unity, achieve peace and stability and economic revitalisation in the region and raise its international standing.

为推动中非新型战略伙伴关系发展，促进中非在更大范围、更广领域、更高层次上的合作，中国政府将采取以下8个方面的政策措施。

（一）扩大对非洲援助规模，到2009年使中国对非洲国家的援助规模比2006年增加1倍。

（二）今后3年内向非洲国家提供30亿美元的优惠贷款和20亿美元的优惠出口买方信贷。

（三）为鼓励和支持中国企业到非洲投资，设立中非发展基金，基金总额逐步达到50亿美元，

（四）为支持非洲国家联合自强和一体化进程，援助建设非洲联盟会议中心。

（五）免除同中国有外交关系的所有非洲重债穷国和最不发达国家截至2005年底到期的政府无息贷款债务。

（六）进一步向非洲开放市场，把同中国有外交关系的非洲最不发达国家输华商品零关税待遇受惠商品由190个税目扩大到440多个。

（七）今后3年内在非洲国家建立3—5个境外经济贸易合作区。

（八）今后3年内为非洲培训培养15000名各类人才；向非洲派遣100名高级农业技术专家；在非洲建立10个有特色的农业技术示范中心；为非洲援助30所医院，并提供3亿元人民币无偿援款帮助非洲防治疟疾，用于提供青蒿素药品及设立30个抗疟中心；向非洲派遣300名青年志愿者；为非洲援助100所农村学校；在2009年之前，向非洲留学生提供中国政府奖学金名额由目前的每年2000人次增加到4000人次。

To forge a new type of China-Africa strategic partnership and strengthen our cooperation in more areas and at a higher level, the Chinese Government will take the following eight steps:

1. Double its 2006 assistance to Africa by 2009.

2. Provide US$3 billion of preferential loans and US$2 billion of preferential buyer's credits to Africa in the next three years.

3. Set up a China-Africa development fund which will reach US$5 billion to encourage Chinese companies to invest in Africa and provide support to them.

4. Build a conference centre for the African Union to support African countries in their efforts to strengthen themselves through unity and support the process of African integration.

5. Cancel debt in the form of all the interest-free government loans that matured at the end of 2005 owed by the heavily indebted poor countries and the least developed countries in Africa that have diplomatic relations with China.

6. Further open up China's market to Africa by increasing from 190 to over 440 the number of export items to China receiving zero-tariff treatment from the least developed countries in Africa having diplomatic ties with China.

7. Establish three to five trade and economic cooperation zones in Africa in the next three years.

8. Over the next three years, train 15,000 African professionals; send 100 senior agricultural experts to Africa; set up 10 special agricultural technology demonstration centres in Africa; build 30 hospitals in Africa and provide RMB 300 million of grant for providing artemisinin and building 30 malaria prevention and treatment centres to fight malaria in Africa; dispatch 300 youth volunteers to Africa; build 100 rural schools in Africa; and increase the number of Chinese government scholarships to African students from the current 2000 per year to 4000 per year by 2009.

各位同事、各位朋友！

中国和非洲都是人类文明的发祥地，都是充满希望的热土。共同的命运、共同的目标把我们紧紧团结在一起。中国永远是非洲的好朋友、好伙伴、好兄弟。

让我们携手并肩、昂首阔步，为实现中非发展，为造福中非人民，为推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界而共同努力！

谢谢大家。

Dear colleagues and friends,

Both China and Africa are cradles of human civilisation and lands of great promise. Common destiny and common goals have brought us together. China will remain a close friend, reliable partner and good brother of Africa.

Let's join hands and endeavour to promote development in both China and Africa, improve the well-being of our peoples and build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity!

Thank you.

尊敬的梅莱斯总理，

尊敬的各位同事、各位嘉宾，

女士们，先生们，朋友们：

今天是值得历史记住的日子。我们中非领导人本着友谊、和平、合作、发展的宗旨，相聚北京，共叙友情，共商推动中非关系发展、促进发展中国家团结合作的大计。首先，我谨代表中国政府和中国人民，并以我个人的名义，对各位同事和嘉宾前来出席会议，表示热烈的欢迎和衷心的感谢！我还要通过在座的非洲各国领导人，向兄弟的非洲人民转达中国人民的亲切问候和良好祝愿！

2000年10月，中非共同倡议成立了中非合作论坛。这是中非深化传统友谊、加强友好合作的重大举措。6年来，论坛先后在北京和亚的斯亚贝巴成功举办了两届部长级会议，已成为中国同非洲国家开展集体对话、交流治国理政经验、增进相互信任、进行务实合作的重要平台和有效机制。

Your Excellency Prime Minister Meles Zenawi,

Distinguished colleagues and guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Dear Friends,

Our meeting today will go down in history. We, leaders of China and African countries, in a common pursuit of friendship, peace, cooperation and development, are gathered in Beijing today to renew friendship, discuss ways of growing China-Africa relations and promote unity and cooperation among developing countries. On behalf of the Chinese Government and people and in my own name, I wish to extend a very warm welcome to you and deep appreciation to you for attending the Summit. I also want to extend, through the African leaders present today, the cordial greetings and best wishes of the Chinese people to the brotherly African people.

The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation was jointly set up by China and Africa in October 2000, a major initiative taken to promote traditional China-Africa friendship and cooperation. In the six years since then, two ministerial conferences have been held, first in Beijing and then in Addis Ababa. Today, the Forum serves as an important platform and effective mechani** for conducting collective dialogue, exchanging experience in governance and enhancing mutual trust and cooperation in practical terms between China and African countries.

英语这里diplomatic ties怎么翻译？

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建交

建立外交关系

Ties这里指两国之间的关系