我找到那个歌了

　对Cser们来说，Night

Wish的歌曲早已深入人心，众所皆知，世界不少顶级战队的宣传片都采用的是他们的歌曲，Night

Wish的歌曲大都是重金属音乐，而这首She

is

My

Sin就是1.6版CS的主题曲，很多翻译版本的1.6进入界面就会响起这首歌，当你在游戏前更改各种按键设置的时候，这首歌仿佛预示着大战马上爆发，催促着你赶快进入CS，等着你的是各种激动人心的画面。在she

is

my

sin出名后，因为其震撼的歌声，成为许多视频或集锦的音乐。就好像the

dawn被传成是亡灵序曲一个道理。此歌后来被世界电子竞技大赛(WCG)定为比赛歌曲！

还有推荐几首类似的哥特风格的:

Nightwish

-

nemo和over

the

hills

and

far

away

Within

Temptation

-

Memories

Evanescence

-

Bring

Me

To

Life

She

Is

My

Sin

她是我的罪

Take

heed,

dear

heart,

once

apart

小心留意

亲爱的心

一旦分离

She

can

touch

nor

me

nor

you

她便无法触摸你或我

Dressed

as

one

剥去身上的皮毛

A

wolf

will

betray

a

lamb

灰狼将背叛那羊羔

Lead

astray

the

gazers

引导迷途的人们

The

razors

on

your

seducing

skin

剃刀就在你诱惑的肌肤上

In

the

meadow

of

sinful

thoughts

抱持罪念的草地

Every

flower's

perfect

world

每朵鲜花都是个完美的世界

To

paradise

with

pleasure

haunted...

那**缠绕的天堂

haunted

by

fear

被恐惧缠绕……

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

A

burning

veil

for

the

bride

too

dear

for

him

深爱他的新娘燃烧着她的面纱

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

Fall

in

love

with

your

deep

dark

sin

带着你那深重的罪过坠入爱河

I

am

the

Fallen

我在坠落

You

are

what

my

sins

enclose

你是引诱我犯罪的圈套

Lust

is

not

as

creative

As

its

discovery

淫欲中找不到发明创造

To

paradise

with

pleasure

haunted...

那**缠绕的天堂

haunted

by

fear

被恐惧缠绕……

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

A

burning

veil

for

the

bride

too

dear

for

him

深爱他的新娘燃烧着她的面纱

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

Fall

in

love

with

your

deep

dark

sin

带着你那深重的罪过坠入爱河

Bless

me,

undress

me

祝福我

**我

Pick

your

prey

in

a

wicked

way

用那邪恶的方式选择你的祭品

God

I

must

confess

天啊我必须忏悔

I

do

envy

the

sinners

我确实嫉妒那些有罪的人

A

sin

for

him...

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within...

饱含欲望

A

burning

veil...

For

the

bride

too

dear

for

him...

深爱他的新娘燃烧着她的面纱

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

A

burning

veil

for

the

bride

too

dear

for

him

深爱他的新娘燃烧着她的面纱

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

Fall

in

love

with

your

deep

dark

sin

带着你那深重的罪过坠入爱河……

英语中that引导的短语什么时候可以省略

动词不定式 英语语法--动词不定式 动词不定式 7.1 不定式作宾语 1) 动词 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 举例： The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 2）动词 不定式 ； 动词 宾语 不定式 ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish… I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。 I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。 I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。 I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。 3） 动词 疑问词 to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。 There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。 注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。 The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。 7.1 不定式作宾语 1) 动词 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 举例： The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 2）动词 不定式 ； 动词 宾语 不定式 ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish… I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。 I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。 I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。 I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。 3） 动词 疑问词 to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。 There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。 注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。 The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。 7.2 不定式作补语 1) 动词 宾语 不定式(to do) advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn 例句： a. Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。 b. We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。 Find 的特殊用法： Find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。 I found him lying on the ground. I found it important to learn. I found that to learn English is important. 典型例题: The next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying 答案：A.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。 2) to be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。 Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. 我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。 典型例题 Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 答案：A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选C。 3) to be 形容词 Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean… The book is believed to be uninteresting. 人们认为这本书没什么意思。 4) there be 不定式 believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。 注意 ： 有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider. We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。 Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。 7.3 不定式主语 1） It’s easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough It’s so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。 2) It’s very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。 Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的) 例句: It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。 注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型 2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。 3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型 (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。 (错)It is to believe to see. 7.4 It’s for **.和 It’s of **. 1）for **. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等： It’s very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。 2）of **的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。 It’s very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。 for 与of 的辨别方法： 用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如： You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。 He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。) 7.5 不定式作表语 不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如： My work is to clean the room every day. His dream is to be a doctor. 7.6 不定式作定语 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如： I have a lot of work to do. So he made some candles to give light. 7.7 不定式作状语 1）目的状语 To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。 I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。 2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。 What have I said to make you angry. He searched the room only to find nothing. 3) 表原因 I’m glad to see you. 典型例题 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on 答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词 动词不定式"结构的末尾。 7.8 用作介词的to to 有两种用法： 一为不定式 动词原形； 一为介词 名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to 名词/动名词： admit to承认， confess to承认， be accustomed to 习惯于， be used to 习惯于， stick to 坚持， turn to开始，着手于， devote oneself to 献身于， be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望， pay attention to 注意 7.9 省to 的动词不定式 1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)： 2） 使役动词 let, have, make： 3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, **ell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。 注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。 I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. =They were made to work the whole night. 4） would rather，had better： 5） Why… / why not…： 6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help ** (to) do sth： 7） but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。 8） 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去： 9） 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be： He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。 举例： He wants to move to France and marry the girl. He wants to do nothing but go out. 比较： He wants to do nothing but go out. He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine. 典型例题 1) ---- I usually go there by train. ---- Why not ___ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going 答案：D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选D。 2） Paul doesn’t have to be made ___. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 答案：B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。 7.10 动词不定式的否定式 Tell him not to shut the window… She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。 典型例题 1）Tell him ___ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 答案：B。 tell ** to do sth 的否定形式为tell ** not to do sth. 2) She pretended ___ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 答案：A。 pretend 后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。 3）Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never driver C. never driving D. never drive 答案：A。warn ** to do sth. 的否定形式为warn ** not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never. 4) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 答案：A。not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因此B，D不对。 5) The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation. A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 答案：C。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否定形式为be warned not to do。 7.11 不定式的特殊句型too…to… 1）too…to 太…以至于… He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了，说不出话来。 ---- Can I help you ? 需要我帮忙吗? ---- Well, I’m afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。 2) 如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定， too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为"不太"。 It’s never too late to mend. (谚语) 改过不嫌晚。 3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。 I’m only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。 He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。 7.12 不定式的特殊句型so as to 1） 表示目的；它的否定式是so as not to do。 Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job. 汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。 Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。 2) so kind as to ---劳驾 Would you be so kind as to tell me the time? 劳驾，现在几点了。 7.13 不定式的特殊句型Why not "Why not 动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不……?" "干吗不……?" 例如： Why not take a holiday? 干吗不去度假? 7.14 不定式的时态和语态 时态\语态 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I’ll see you again. 我希望再见到你。 2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3) 进行时： 表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4) 完成进行时： She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 7.15 动名词与不定式 1） 动名词与不定式的区别： 动名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的 不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的 2） 接不定式或动名词，意义相同。 3） 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组： 1 stop to do stop doing 2 forget to do forget doing 3 remember to do remember doing 4 regret to do regret doing 5 cease to do cease doing 6 try to do try doing 7 go on to do go on doing 8 afraid to do afraid doing 9 interested to do interested doing 10 mean to do mean doing 11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing1）for **. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等： It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。 2）of **的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。 It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。 for 与of 的辨别方法： 用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如： You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。 He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)

夜愿乐队的she_is_my_sin这个歌名翻译成中文是什么意思？

She

Is

My

Sin

她是我的罪

附：歌词英汉对照~

Take

heed,

dear

heart,

once

apart

小心留意

亲爱的心

一旦分离

She

can

touch

nor

me

nor

you

她便无法触摸你或我

Dressed

as

one

剥去身上的皮毛

A

wolf

will

betray

a

lamb

灰狼将背叛那羊羔

Lead

astray

the

gazers

引导迷途的人们

The

razors

on

your

seducing

skin

剃刀就在你诱惑的肌肤上

In

the

meadow

of

sinful

thoughts

抱持罪念的草地

Every

flower's

perfect

world

每朵鲜花都是个完美的世界

To

paradise

with

pleasure

haunted...

那**缠绕的天堂

haunted

by

fear

被恐惧缠绕……

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

A

burning

veil

for

the

bride

too

dear

for

him

深爱他的新娘燃烧着她的面纱

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

Fall

in

love

with

your

deep

dark

sin

带着你那深重的罪过坠入爱河

I

am

the

Fallen

我在坠落

You

are

what

my

sins

enclose

你是引诱我犯罪的圈套

Lust

is

not

as

creative

As

its

discovery

淫欲中找不到发明创造

To

paradise

with

pleasure

haunted...

那**缠绕的天堂

haunted

by

fear

被恐惧缠绕……

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

A

burning

veil

for

the

bride

too

dear

for

him

深爱他的新娘燃烧着她的面纱

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

Fall

in

love

with

your

deep

dark

sin

带着你那深重的罪过坠入爱河

Bless

me,

undress

me

祝福我

**我

Pick

your

prey

in

a

wicked

way

用那邪恶的方式选择你的祭品

God

I

must

confess

天啊我必须忏悔

I

do

envy

the

sinners

我确实嫉妒那些有罪的人

A

sin

for

him...

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within...

饱含欲望

A

burning

veil...

For

the

bride

too

dear

for

him...

深爱他的新娘燃烧着她的面纱

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

A

burning

veil

for

the

bride

too

dear

for

him

深爱他的新娘燃烧着她的面纱

A

sin

for

him

为他犯下的罪

Desire

within,

desire

within

充斥欲望

饱含邪念

Fall

in

love

with

your

deep

dark

sin

带着你那深重的罪过坠入爱河……

动词不定式在英语中的用法

动词不定式

英语语法--动词不定式

动词不定式

7.1 不定式作宾语

1) 动词+ 不定式

afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake

举例：

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question.

我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2）动词+不定式 ； 动词+宾语+不定式

ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…

I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

3） 动词+疑问词+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell

Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice.

问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

7.1 不定式作宾语

1) 动词+ 不定式

afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake

举例：

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question.

我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2）动词+不定式 ； 动词+宾语+不定式

ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…

I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

3） 动词+疑问词+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell

Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice.

问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

7.2 不定式作补语

1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)

advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn

例句：

a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.

父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

b. We believe him to be guilty.

我们相信他是有罪的。

Find 的特殊用法：

Find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。

I found him lying on the ground.

I found it important to learn.

I found that to learn English is important.

典型例题:

The next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.

A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying

答案：A.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。

2) to + be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。

Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand

We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.

我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

典型例题

Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.

A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented

答案：A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选C。

3) to be +形容词

Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…

The book is believed to be uninteresting.

人们认为这本书没什么意思。

4) there be+不定式

believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand

We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

注意 ： 有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider.

We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。

Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

7.3 不定式主语

1） It’s easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了

easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;

the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough

It’s so nice to hear your voice.

听到你的声音真高兴。

It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.

当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。

2) It’s very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。

Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)

例句:

It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。

It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。

注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型

2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。

3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型

(对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

(错)It is to believe to see.

7.4 It’s for **.和 It’s of **.

1）for **. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：

It’s very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2）of **的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It’s very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

for 与of 的辨别方法：

用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：

You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。

He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)

7.5 不定式作表语

不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如：

My work is to clean the room every day.

His dream is to be a doctor.

7.6 不定式作定语

不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：

I have a lot of work to do.

So he made some candles to give light.

7.7 不定式作状语

1）目的状语

To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。

2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。

What have I said to make you angry.

He searched the room only to find nothing.

3) 表原因

I’m glad to see you.

过去分词的用法

非谓语动词的用法讲解:

Huzhou No. 2 High School

1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,既表示被动,又表示完成.

(1)_ The cup is broken. 茶杯破了.

2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成.

(2) He is retired. 他已退休.

3. 有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构.

(3)_The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山.

过去分词作表语

【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作.

(1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)

(2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了.(过去分词作表语)

【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用 -ing 形式来修饰物.

(3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣.

过去分词作定语

作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成.

1. 过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前.

We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.

2. 过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中.

The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.

3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号.

(1)The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人.

4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.

(2) The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩带着满意的表情举目而视.

过去分词作状语

1. 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作.

(1) Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好.

【注意】written 为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写. 值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦).

(2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音.

2. 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致.

(1) Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.

再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语 I ,即 I 被再给一个小时.)

(2)_ Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.

从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮.(seen 为过去分词作状语,表"被看",由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是"我们",因为"我们"应主动看城市.)

【注意】如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构.

(1) The signal given, the bus started. 信号一发出,汽车就开动了.(the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语.

(2) Her head held high, she went by. 她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去.(her head 是 held high 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 she 就不再是held high 的逻辑主语.)

3. 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句.

(1) Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了. (caught in a heavy rain 为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句 Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)

(2)_Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快.( grown in rich soil 为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句 If these seeds are grown in rich soil.

【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语.

When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.

4. 过去分词作状语的位置.过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开.

He stood there silently, moved to tears. = Moved to tears, he stood there silently. 他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶.

过去分词作宾语补足语

(一)能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类:

1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等.

(1) I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌.(过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard;)

(2)_He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大.(过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found)

2. 表示"致使"意义的动词.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等.

(1) I'll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发.

(2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了.

(3) Don't leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完.

【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系.

(二)使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.

1. 过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成.

(1) He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了.(被别人偷去了)

2. 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历.如:

(2) He had his leg broken.他的腿断了. (自己的经历)

"with +宾语+过去分词"结构

"with +宾语+过去分词"结构中,过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语.这一结构通常在句中作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语.例如:

(1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后.(表方式)

(2) With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气.(表条件)

(3) With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解决,我们都回家了.(表原因)

(4)_She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他.

(5) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿.

英语动词不定式，被动，进行，被动进行怎么用？

动词不定式

1 不定式作宾语

1) 动词+ 不定式

afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake

举例：

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question.

我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2）动词+不定式 ； 动词+宾语+不定式

ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…

I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

3） 动词+疑问词+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell

Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice.

问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

2 不定式作补语

1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)

advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn

例句：

a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.

父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

b. We believe him to be guilty.

我们相信他是有罪的。

Find 的特殊用法：

Find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。

I found him lying on the ground.

I found it important to learn.

I found that to learn English is important.

典型例题:

The next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.

A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying

答案：A.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。

2) to + be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。

Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand

We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.

我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

典型例题

Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.

A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented

答案：A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选C。

3) to be +形容词

Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…

The book is believed to be uninteresting.

人们认为这本书没什么意思。

4) there be+不定式

believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand

We didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

注意 ： 有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider.

We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。

Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

3 不定式主语

1） It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了

easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;

the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough

It's so nice to hear your voice.

听到你的声音真高兴。

It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.

当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。

2) It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。

Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)

例句:

It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。

It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。

注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型

2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。

3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型

(对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

(错)It is to believe to see.

4 It's for **.和 It's of **.

1）for **. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：

It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2）of **的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

for 与of 的辨别方法：

用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：

You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。

He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)

5 不定式作表语

不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如：

My work is to clean the room every day.

His dream is to be a doctor.

.6 不定式作定语

不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：

I have a lot of work to do.

So he made some candles to give light

.7 不定式作状语

1）目的状语

To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。

2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。

What have I said to make you angry.

He searched the room only to find nothing.

3) 表原因

I'm glad to see you.

典型例题

The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.

A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on

答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。

8 用作介词的to

to 有两种用法： 一为不定式+动词原形； 一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+ 名词/动名词：

admit to承认， confess to承认，

be accustomed to 习惯于， be used to 习惯于， stick to 坚持， turn to开始，着手于， devote oneself to 献身于， be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望， pay attention to 注意

9 省to 的动词不定式

1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)：

2） 使役动词 let, have, make：

3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, **ell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。

注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。

I saw him dance.

=He was seen to dance.

The boss made them work the whole night.

=They were made to work the whole night.

4） would rather，had better：

5） Why… / why not…：

6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help ** (to) do sth：

7） but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。

8） 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：

9） 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be：

He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。

举例：

He wants to move to France and marry the girl.

He wants to do nothing but go out.

比较： He wants to do nothing but go out.

He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.

典型例题

1) ---- I usually go there by train.

---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?

A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going

答案：D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选D。

2） Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard.

A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

答案：B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。

10 动词不定式的否定式

Tell him not to shut the window…

She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。

典型例题

1）Tell him ___ the window.

A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut

D. not shut

答案：B。 tell ** to do sth 的否定形式为tell ** not to do sth.

2) She pretended ___ me when I passed by.

A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see

D. having not seen

答案：A。 pretend 后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。

3）Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.

A. never to drive B. to never driver

C. never driving D. never drive

答案：A。warn ** to do sth. 的否定形式为warn ** not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never.

4) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____.

A. not to B. not to do C. not do it

D. do not to

答案：A。not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因此B，D不对。

5) The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.

A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat

D. not eating

答案：C。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否定形式为be warned not to do。

11 不定式的特殊句型too…to…

1）too…to 太…以至于…

He is too excited to speak.

他太激动了，说不出话来。

---- Can I help you ? 需要我帮忙吗?

---- Well, I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。

2) 如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定， too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为"不太"。

It's never too late to mend. (谚语)

改过不嫌晚。

3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。

I'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。

He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。

12 不定式的特殊句型so as to

1） 表示目的；它的否定式是so as not to do。

Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.

汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。

Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.

轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。

2) so kind as to ---劳驾

Would you be so kind as to tell me the time?

劳驾，现在几点了。

13 不定式的特殊句型Why not

"Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不……?" "干吗不……?"

例如：

Why not take a holiday?

干吗不去度假?

14 不定式的时态和语态

时态\语态 主动 被动

一般式 to do to be done

进行式 to be doing

完成式 to have done to have been done

完成进行式 to have been doing

1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。

He seems to know this.

I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。

2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.

He seems to have caught a cold.

3) 进行时： 表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

He seems to be eating something.

4) 完成进行时：

She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.

(1)语态

如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如：

It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作主语）

It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主语）

I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作宾语）

Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定语）

He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作状语）

在There be结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：There are still many things to t ake care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)

再例如：

The problem isn't easy to work out. 不定式作宾语

The building to be built here next month will be a supermarket.不定式作定语

Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.不定式作宾语

15 动名词与不定式

1） 动名词与不定式的区别：

动名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的

不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的

2） 接不定式或动名词，意义相同。

3） 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组：

1 stop to do stop doing

2 forget to do forget doing

3 remember to do remember doing

4 regret to do regret doing

5 cease to do cease doing

6 try to do try doing

7 go on to do go on doing

8 afraid to do afraid doing

9 interested to do interested doing

10 mean to do mean doing

11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing

16.动词不定式做宾补主被动区别

如果动词不定式做宾补，那就要看不定式与宾语之间的关系，是主动的就用主动语态，是被动就用被动语态。

如，I tell him to call you.我让他给你打**。这里的不定式to call，就是宾语him的补语，用的是主动，因为是他 打**，主动关系。

再如，I thought my debt to be repaid.我以为我的债务还上了。这句中的to be repaid 是个被动语态，因为它与宾语debt（债务）的关系是被动的，债务被还上。

以上说的是动词不定式做宾补中的主动与被动，做定语时的情况大同小异，以上明白了，你就可以举一反三了。

什么时候要用到动词不定式啊?

动词不定式的语**能

一、作宾语

1) 动词+ 不定式

afford. aim. appear. agree. arrange . ask . be . decide. bother . care . choose . come. dare. demand. desire. determine . expect. elect . endeavor .hope. fail . happen . help . hesitate .learn . long . mean. manage . offer . ought. plan . prepare. pretend . promise. refuse. seem. tend. wait . wish. undertake.

举例：

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question.

我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2）动词+不定式 ；动词+宾语+不定式

ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…

I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

3） 动词+疑问词+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell

Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice.

问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

4)以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。

如：agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,

pretend,promise,refuse,wish 等，这些词大部分可接th at引导的从句。如：

I decided to ask for my money back.

I decided that I would ask for my money back.

When our visit to the farm was over,we expected to startback on foot.

When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that wewould start back on foot.

5)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动 词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。如：

We think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well.

He feels it his duty to help the poor.

二、作补语

1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)

advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn

例句：

a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.

父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

b. We believe him to be guilty.

我们相信他是有罪的。

Find 的特殊用法：

Find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。

I found him lying on the ground.

I found it important to learn.

I found that to learn English is important.

典型例题:

The next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.

A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying

答案：A.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。

2) to + be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。

Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand

We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.

我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

典型例题

Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.

A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented

答案：A. 由consider to dosth. 排除B、D。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选C。

3) to be +形容词

Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…

The book is believed to be uninteresting.

人们认为这本书没什么意思。

4) there be+不定式

believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand

We didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider.

We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。

Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

三、作主语

动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：

(1)把不定式置于句首。如：

To get there by bike will take us half an hour.

(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：

①It＋be＋名词＋to do

It's our duty to take good care of the old.

②It takes **+some time+to do

How long did it take you to finish the work?

③It＋be＋形容词＋for **＋to do

It is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour.

④It＋be＋形容词＋of **＋to do

It is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays.

⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do

It seemed impossible to save money.

在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等；在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等 表示赞扬或批评的词。在不定式前的**，可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb is＋形容词＋to do句式 ，如：It'skind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to helpme with my English.

(3)举例

1） It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了

easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;

the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough

It's so nice to hear your voice.

听到你的声音真高兴。

It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.

当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。

2) It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。

Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)

例句:

It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。

It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。

注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型

2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。

3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型

(对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

(错)It is to believe to see.

四、作表语

不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。

①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.

②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.

③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.

当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果（例①）。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组（例②）时，或以what引导的名词性分句（例③），不定 式说明主语的内容。

④Our work is serving the people.

⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.

⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.

④⑤句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Serving thepeople is our work,而⑥句中是现在分词作 表语，说明主语的性质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，另外，动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开 来。

五、作定语

⒈不定式作定语

不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：

①The next train to arrive is from Washington.

②Have you anything to be taken to your sister?

③Do you have anything to say on the question?

④Would you please give me some paper to write on?

⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last.

不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：

(1)表示将来的动作（例①）。

(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词（例④）。

(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍 用主动语态（例③）；如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，则需用被动语态（例②）。

(4)不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句，例①to arrive=that will arrive。

六、作状语

1）目的状语

To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。

2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。

What have I said to make you angry.

He searched the room only to find nothing.

3) 表原因

I'm glad to see you.

典型例题

The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.

A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on

答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。

省to 的动词不定式

1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)：

2） 使役动词 let, have, make：

3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, **ell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。

注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。

I saw him dance.

=He was seen to dance.

The boss made them work the whole night.

=They were made to work the whole night.

4） 表示个人意愿或倾向的would rather，had better，might(just) as well：rather than置于句首时。

Rather than ride on a crowded bus,he always prefers to ride a bike.

5） Why… / why not…：

6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help ** (to) do sth：

7） but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。

8） 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：

9） 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be：

He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。

10）but作介词，后接不定式结构时，前面谓语动词部分若含有do的形式时，but后的不定式要省去to，否则要带to。

He wants to do nothing but go out.

He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.

11）当两个或多个不定时短语由连词and，but或or连接时，后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略。但若表示对比、对照关系时，则不能省略。

He wants to move to France and marry the girl.

The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,not to make it more difficult.

12）不定式做表语时，一般要带to，但若主语部分中含有do的各种形式时，符号to可省去。

We've missed the last bus.All we could do now is walk home.

典型例题

1) ---- I usually go there by train.

---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?

A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going

答案：D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选D。

2） Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard.

A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

答案：B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。

动词不定式的否定式

Tell him not to shut the window…

She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。

典型例题

1）Tell him ___ the window.

A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut

D. not shut

答案：B。 tell ** to do sth 的否定形式为tell ** not to do sth.

2) She pretended ___ me when I passed by.

A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see

D. having not seen

答案：A。 pretend 后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。

3）Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.

A. never to drive B. to never driver

C. never driving D. never drive

答案：A。warn ** to do sth. 的否定形式为warn ** not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never.

4) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____.

A. not to B. not to do C. not do it

D. do not to

答案：A。not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因此B，D不对。

5) The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.

A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat

D. not eating

答案：C。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否定形式为be warned not to do。

不定式的特殊句型

1、不定式的特殊句型so as to

1） 表示目的；它的否定式是so as not to do。

Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.

汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。

Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.

轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。

2) so kind as to ---劳驾

Would you be so kind as to tell me the time?

劳驾，现在几点了。

2、 "Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议

"为什么不……?" "干吗不……?"

例如：

Why not take a holiday?

干吗不去度假?

3、It's for **.和 It's of **.

1）for **. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：

It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2）of **的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

for 与of 的辨别方法：

用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：

You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。

He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)

4、不定式的特殊句型too…to…

1）too…to 太…以至于…

He is too excited to speak.

他太激动了，说不出话来。

---- Can I help you ? 需要我帮忙吗?

---- Well, I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。

2) 如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定， too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为"不太"。

It's never too late to mend. (谚语)

改过不嫌晚。

3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。

I'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。

He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。动词不定式的"to"与介词的"to"区别 to 有两种用法：

一为不定式+动词原形；

一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+ 名词/动名词：

admit to承认，confess to承认，be accustomed to 习惯于，be used to 习惯于， stick to 坚持， turn to开始，着手于， devote oneself to 献身于， be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望，pay attention to 注意

介词but,except,besides+to do(do)

在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to， 带to不带do。如：

The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.

On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV.