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proficient词根「recipient词根」

更新时间:2026-07-18 21:26:28 周记网3年前 (2023-03-21)英文周记266

英语作文

英语作文 英语作文的基本要求:

首先,一个段落必须有一个中心即主题思想,该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。整个段落必须紧扣这个主题(stick or hold to the topic),这就是段落的统一性(unity)。其次,一个段落必须有若干推展句,使主题思想得到充分展开,从而给读者一个完整的感觉,这就是完整性(completeness or adequateness)。再者,一个段落不是杂乱无章的,而是有机的组合,句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑,从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅(**ooth),这就是连贯性(coherence)。下面我们就对这三个标准分别加以说明。

1、统一性

proficient词根「recipient词根」

一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心,任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。请看下例:

Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico.

本段的主题句是段首句,controlling idea(中心思想)是take the long trip across the country。文中出现两个irrelevant sentences,一个是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie,这一段是讲的是Joe and I ,中间出现一个Bella是不合适的。还有,Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner这一句更是与主题句不相关。再看一个例子:

My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby.

本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit,但段中有两个irrelevant sentences,一个是I bought two new suitcases last week,另一个是My mother was a premature baby。

从上面两个例子可以看出,native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences。卷面上如果这种句子多了,造成偏题或离题,那问题就更严重了。

2、完整性

正象我们前面说得那样,一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现,如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实,就不能构成一个完整的段落。同样,虽然有推展句,但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待,给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能。例如:

Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides, it is more useful to work —— you produce something rather than more anxiety or depression.

本段的主题句是段首句。本段的两个推展句均不能回答主题句中提出的问题。什么是“a mind in turmoil”(心境不平静)Physical work又如何能改变这种情况?为什么它能起therapy的作用?读者得不到明确的答案。因此,要达到完整就必须尽可能地简明。例如:

It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means, but a careful writer can almost always explain it.

段首句所表达的主题思想是一种看法,必须有具体事例加以验证。上述两个推展句只是在文字上对主题作些解释,整个段落内容空洞,简而不明。如果用一两个具体的例子的话,就可以把主题解释清楚了。比如下段:

It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes, pictures are pretty useless things. If you can't swim and fall in the river and start gulping water, will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning, or start screaming "Help"?

3、连贯性(coherence)

连贯性包括意连和形连两个方面,前者指的是内在的逻辑性,后者指的是使用转换词语。当然这两者常常是不可分割的。只有形连而没有意连,句子之间就没有内在的有机的联系;反之,只有意连而没有形连,有时行文就不够流畅。

1)、意连

段落中句子的排列应遵循一定的次序,不能想到什么就写什么。如果在下笔之前没有构思,边写边想,写写停停,那就写不出一气呵成的好文章来。下面介绍几种常见的排列方式。

A.按时间先后排列(chronological arrangement)

We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours —— it must have been close to noon —— the heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was our o'clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.

本段从“rose”(起床)写起,然后是吃早餐(“not to miss breakfast”, “closing at nine o'clock”),然后是“close to noon”,一直写到这一天结束(“By nine——”)。

B. 按位置远近排列(spatial arrangement)。例如:

From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.

本段的写法是由远及近,从远处(“from a distance”)写起,然后“get closer”,再到(“ten feet away”),最后是“inside the pagoda”……当然,按位置远近来写不等于都是由远及近。根据需要,也可以由近及远,由表及里等等。

C. 按逻辑关系排列(logical arrangement)

a. 按重要性顺序排列(arrangement in order of importance)

If you work as a soda jerker, you will, of course, not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine, your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom, your effectiveness depends on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the organization of which you are an employee, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large business organization, whether it is the government, the large corporation, or the Army, this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess.

这一段谈的是表达能力,它的重要性与职业,身份有关,从“not need much skill”或“of little importance”到“more important”,最后是“most important”。

b.由一般到特殊排列(general-to-specific arrangement)

If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A —— the writer, in whose head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that "sanguine" and "sanguinary" mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.

这一段谈的是a writer's carelessness,先给出一个general statement作为主题句,然后通过5个 ”perhaps”加以例证。

c. 由特殊到一般排列(specific-to-general arrangement)

I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat, Prissy, with the one I had several years ago, Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy, a quiet, feminine feline, loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people, exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg, lick, or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright, eyes closed, perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry, on the other hand, loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything, whether it was decorous or not, and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable, on the top of the television, across stranger's feet or laps, in beds, drawers, sacks, closets, or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers.

本段的主题句是段首句,它仅提出一个问题:为什么两只猫会被搞混。然后对两者进行比较,末句才下结论。

2)、形连

行文的逻辑性常常要靠适当的转换词语及其他手段来实现。请读下面这一段文字并找出文中用以承上启下的词语:

Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First, though, he had to get through high school, so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies —— in particular, biology, chemistry, and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects, Walter became proficient in them; however, Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result, during his junior year of high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graduate on schedule. Finally, on June 6, Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal.

本文中起承上启下的词语有两种,一种是转换词语(transitional words or phrases),另一种是起转换作用的其他连接手段(linking devices)。前者依次有:first, though, so, in particular, and, because, however, besides, as a result, both…and, consequently, and, finally.后者依次是:he, he, his, his, he, these, them, he, those, his, he, these, his. 本段中共有词汇105个,所使用的转换词语及其他连接用语共26个词,约占该段总词汇量的四分之一。由此可见,掌握好transitions不仅对行文的流(**oothness)有益,而且对于学生在半个小时内写120个词也是不无好处的。

一个段落里如果没有transitions也就很难有coherence了.我们看下面一个例子:

Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture, loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.

本段中除了第6句开头出现一个起过渡作用的”it”之外,没有使用其他的过渡词语.这样,文中出现许多重复的词语,全段读起来也显得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的过渡词语来修饰的话,这一段就成了下面一个流畅连贯的段落:

Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds; writing, on the other hand, uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago, but written language is a recent development, invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal, while the word choice of writing, by contrast, is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from, they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and the rise and fall of the voice, but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.

4、有损连贯性的几种情况:

考生在写作中经常出现下面几种错误:

1、不必要的改变时态,比如:

In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house, he had waited for the heat to die down, but they come after him anyway.

2、不必要的改变单复数,比如:

Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run, the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships.

3、不必要的改变人称,比如:

Now more than ever, parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge.

因此写作中,一定要注意时态,人称以及数的变化是否正确,要注意保持一致。

英语作文的书写格式

英文书写应符合书写规范,英文字母要写清楚、写整齐、写美观,字母的大小和字母之间的距离要匀称。书写应做到字形秀丽漂亮,通篇匀称和谐。

写英文字母要掌握正确笔顺。如字母i,应该先写下面的部分,然后再打点。有的学生却按写汉字的习惯从上到下写,写快了,就会把点和下面的十笔连在量起,显得十分别扭。字形t应为两笔。不少人却将两笔合成一笔,看上去不像t,倒像l或是e,难以辨认。另外,把r写成v,把q写成把g,把k写成h等等,都是中学生书写中常见的毛病。

不少人在四线三格的练习纸上书写尚有规矩,能按字母的占格、高低和大小要求书写,但在白纸或横线纸上书写,却显得十分幼稚拙劣。字母或跳上跳下,或一律写成同一高度,占上中两格的字母与占中下两格的字母完全没有高低之别。这些现象都要防止。

另外,书写时还要注意词与词之间要保持一定的距离,不能紧靠在一起。字母之间的连写也应该按照习惯,不能随意乱来。

在一篇字数有限的作文里,我们还要注意尽量不把一个单词拆开移行。万一要移行,则必须以音节为单位进行,如revolution这个词,依照音节移行的原则可以按re-,revo-, revolu-这几种方法移行。在移行时,我们还应特别注意以下几点:

1. 单音节词不能移行,即使是字母较多的单音节词,如through等也不能例外。

2.缩略词如Mr.,Dr.等不能和后面的名字拆开移行。

缩略的专用名词如U.K.,U.S.A等也不能拆开移行。

3.时间、量度及货币单位应视为一个整体;不能分开移行。如;

11:00P.M.应写在一行内,不能将11:00和P.M.分开移行;写38℃时,不能将38和℃分开移行。

4.由“年、月、日”表示的日期,如果必须分开移行只能将“月、日”与“年”分开。如January 6,1980不能将January和6分开移行,但可以把January 6,和1980分成两行。

5.含双写辅音字母的单词,在移行时要将辅音字母拆开。如better可拆成better,necessary可拆成necessary。

但如果双写辅音字母属于词根,后面又加了后缀,就不能将两个辅音字母拆开。如drill加上-ing后构成了drilling,就不可以将它拆成成dril-ling,而只能拆为drilling。

例文:

1.宠物:

A Talkative Parrot

A lady worked in a company. There were a lot of shops on her way to work. One morning, when she was walking to work, she passed by a new pet shop. She was so excited when she saw a parrot sitting beside the door. She really loved birds.

When she stopped to look at the handsome bird, it said to her, "Hey, lady, you are really ugly.”

This made the lady very angry. She quickly left the shop and went to work. On her way home, she passed the same pet shop again. This time the parrot saw her again, it said immediately:

"Hey lady, you are really ugly!"

The lady tried to control herself. She walked to the shopkeeper and told him that if the parrot said it again, she would have the police come and take it away. "I'm so sorry, madam. I promise it won't happen again," the shopkeeper said.

The next morning, when the lady walked past the pet shop, she pretended that she didn’t see it. But the parrot saw her at once and said to her quickly, "Hey lady."

She stopped and looked at the bird coldly. "Yes?" she answered in an angry voice.

The bird, sitting up straight and **iling at her, said, "You know."

2.人物:

Elizabeth Bennet (伊丽莎白)

The second daughter in the Bennet family, and the most intelligent and quick-witted, Elizabeth is the protagonist of Pride and Prejudice and one of the most well-known female characters in English literature. Her admirable qualities are numerous—she is lovely, clever, and, in a novel defined by dialogue, she converses as brilliantly as anyone. Her honesty, virtue, and lively wit enable her to rise above the nonsense and bad behavior that pervade her class-bound and often spiteful society. Nevertheless, her sharp tongue and tendency to make hasty judgments often lead her astray; Pride and Prejudice is essentially the story of how she (and her true love, Darcy) overcome all obstacles—including their own personal failings—to find romantic happiness. Elizabeth must not only cope with a hopeless mother, a distant father, two badly behaved younger siblings, and several snobbish, antagonizing females, she must also overcome her own mistaken impressions of Darcy, which initially lead her to reject his proposals of marriage. Her charms are sufficient to keep him interested, fortunately, while she navigates familial and social turmoil. As she gradually comes to recognize the nobility of Darcy’s character, she realizes the error of her initial prejudice against him.

Bennet家庭的第二个女儿和最聪明和机智,伊丽莎白是自豪感和偏见的主演和其中一个在英国文学的最知名的女性角色。 她令人敬佩的质量是numerous—she是可爱的,聪明,并且,在对话定义的小说,她一样精采地交谈象任何人。 她的诚实、美德和活泼的机智使她在胡话之上起来,并且弥漫她的坏行为类跳起和经常恶意的社会。 然而,她的伶俐的口舌和倾向经常做仓促评断带领她迷路; 自豪感和偏见本质上是故事她(和她真实的爱, Darcy)怎样克服他们自己的个人failings—to发现浪漫幸福的所有obstacles—including。 伊丽莎白必须不仅应付一个绝望的母亲,一个遥远的父亲,二非常表现的更加年轻的兄弟姐妹,并且几位势利,对抗的女性,她必须也克服Darcy她自己的错误印象,最初带领她拒绝他的求婚。 而她驾驶家族和社会动乱,她魅力是充足保持他感兴趣,幸运地。 当她逐渐来认可Darcy’s字符的贵族,她体会她对他的最初的偏见错误

什么是词根?

英语单词构成有其规律,很好的掌握了构词规律,才可以很好、很快的、准确的记忆单词。英语单词构词法的核心部分,在于词根,词的意义主要是由组成单词的词根体现出来的。词根可以单独构成词,也可以彼此组合成词,通过前缀后缀来改变单词的词性和意义。(词根和词缀叫构词语素)也就是说,单词一般由三部分组成:词根、前缀和后缀。词根决定单词意思,前缀改变单词词义,后缀决定单词词性。

怎么准备六级

1,每周4-5天的听力练习,早上做一套听力。

2,每天背单词20--50个单词,不一定全会,但是要做到看到单词知道意 思,那阅读就不是问题了,还要根据记忆曲线及时复习。重点单词是一些用法较多的动词。

3看看语法书,如果有毅力的话,就问问老师哪个是重点课文,挑几篇背一背,一定要是课文,因为一般课文比较好。这样你的作文还有改错应该还会有提高。

4 阅读每天2个,我选星火的,要精读。

5补习,如果基础差的话就补习一下

6完型,通过以上的学习就基本可以搞定了。

我正在备考6级 一起加油吧

单词这样背

第一条,就是:一定要每次都大量地背。因为自己不比别人聪明,所以背完单词,别人忘掉五分之一,自己决不会比别人忘得少。然而,别人每天背十个单词,自己却可以背一百个,忘掉五分之一,还剩八十个,是别人最聪明状态下的十倍。每天一百个是最低限。其实背到后来您会发现这个要求并不高,一个月后,您可能自然而然地就背到三百或者五百。

这四百个要分成四组来背,上午三十,中午十个,下午三十,晚上三十。第二天早晨复习以前没背下来的词。背的时候,要一目十词(注意,是十个而不是更多或更少),不要认认真真背,因为没有认认真真的时间。一边看一边读每个词的读音,默读也成。看完后回忆一遍,回忆不起来的再看。这次背的目的在于留下个大概印象,下次看见能知道这个词,所以背到大部分都能回忆得起来就成了,把剩下的词单独抄出来。

背单词捷径的第二条,就是:背字典!为什么要背字典呢?因为字典上每个词的解释比较全面,而且相同字母开头的单词都集中在一起。不是什么字典都可以拿来背的,一定要找只包含自己想背的词的字典。另外,最好有英文方式的解释和例句。而且,一定要有音标!如果是为了考TOFEL或者GRE,注意要选美音音标的字典。一般教材课文后面的词汇表都是为那些认认真真听课的好学生准备的,想走捷径就千万不要去背那些东西。

背字典的时候,按开头字母(Z,Y,X,Q,J,K,U)(V,W,N,O,L)(FG,IT,HM,BDE,R)(C,P,S,A)的顺序背,其中C,P,S,A每个都要分三部分背。这样背有几个好处:(一)能增加成就感,提高兴趣。至于为什么,您翻翻字典就明白了。;)(二)便于清楚地知道那些单词已经背过,那些还没背。(三)能先把最基本的词先掌握。三万单词里,分为三个等级:三千到四千,八千到一万,两万二到三万。也就是说,您得分别准备三本字典。这几个等级之间各自有非常不同的特性,所以需要分别用不同方法背。俺当时没有认识到这一点,所以在从一万到三万之间走了一段弯路,浪费了一些时间,不然或许能突破到五万吧。;)

所以,背单词捷径的下面这条就有了三个分支。背单词捷径的第三条,就是:和单词多见面。一个单词能不能记住,取决于和它在不同场合见面的频率,不在于每次看着它的时间长短(同样规律也适合于泡MM;))。一般想记住一个单词,每星期要和它在*不同场合*见三到四次面。俺在上文中提到大量背的时候,不要抠某一个字记住与否就是这个意思。因为是否一见钟情都是无所谓的,关键在于有更多不同类型的见面机会。不过,根据要背的单词的等级不同,增加见面机会的方式也有所不同。

(2)第一个分支:瞎听!三千到四千这个等级,是非常常用的单词,而且几乎囊括了表达最基本思想所需要的一切词汇。每篇文章中百分之八十都是这些词汇,而且这些词都是最基本的语素(或称"词根"),就是分割到最小无法再分割,互相之间也没什么类似之处的东西。对付这些词的最好方法,就是进行大量的,不间断的,简单的初级听力练习。因为阅读材料中,还有百分之二十其他词汇,所以光凭这个等级的词还看不懂那些阅读材料。但是听力练习都是最基本的对话,而且发音一般很标准,多听能够增加单词的重复率,而且可以为以后背八千到一万那个等级的词打下语音基础。

听的时候,要分精听和泛听两部分。精听当然是指每个词都要弄懂,俺着重讲一下泛听(饭厅?;P)。泛听是最重要的,因为掌握语速和语调,以及总体印象都要靠泛听。而这些都是背八千到一万等级单词的基础?泛听能够让经常用到的词(也就是那些最必要掌握的词)把您的耳朵磨出茧子来,让您模模糊糊听到个音就能反应出它是什么意思。泛听中您听到的词,才是您真正应该记住的词,所以别害怕精听的时候什么都听不懂。到底什么是泛听呢?泛听,就是说您听的时候,精神要分散,要一边干着其他事(比如撮饭或和别人大声讨论撮饭;)~),一边有一搭没一搭地听着。泛听一定要见缝插针,一有机会就听着,最好耳机不离耳朵。;)而精听的意义就在于找出您没听清的那些词。啊哈,那就是您背过但还不熟悉的词了。:)把这些词单独记在另外一个地方,别跟没背下来的词混了。泛听要听精听已经听过的内容。比如精听听到了第二盘磁带,那么泛听就听第一盘磁带,正好。提醒您一句,千万别拿英语广播当自己的听力教材!!!顺便跟您推荐一套听力教材:武汉师范大学出的Step by Step.内容比较循序渐进,每一课开头的音乐也很好听。;)

第二个分支:狂看!八千到一万这个等级,基本包含了剩下的百分之二十。这些单词在听力教材里很难找到。但是,可不要停止听的练习呦,因为听能巩固您的语调感觉,而这是背这个等级单词的一个关键。不过,背这个等级的词,需要在听以外增加看的内容。看,同样要分精读和泛读两种。就象听一样,也是泛读更重要一些。泛读要挑不太长,能有耐心看完的文章,而且看不懂的词不要太多,一篇文章有两三个不认识的就足够了。千万不要一上来就看英语报刊杂志小说,那些东西不但很难看懂,而且看懂了也对背单词没什么促进作用。:Q泛读也需要大量练习,只要您有耐心,又有足够时间,就一直看下去吧!看的时候不要仔细阅读,扫一眼明白个大概意思就成了,然后把这一眼没看懂的词画上记号,别琢磨它是什么意思,继续扫描吧!全部看完之后,回头再看这些单词,有的可能已经想起来了,有的....还没想起来?那就查查字典,要是自己还没背过,就扔掉它,要是已经背过了,就单独抄下来吧,和听力练习中没听出来的词放在一起。

(3)俺的经验是新概念第一二册,然后大学泛读课本前两册,然后是另外的一个泛读教程初级部分,然后新概念第三册,泛读课本第三册,某一种听力教材高级听力部分的教师用书,然后新概念第四册,泛读课本第四五册...这么个顺序进度比较合适。

第三个分支:乱说!这只适合背两万二到三万的词。因为其他的词不用说就已经背下来了。;)而这个等级的词在阅读材料里非常少,可能阅读十篇文章却一个这个等级的词也没有。所以靠阅读来增加见面机会已经不行了。这些词甚至有的老外一辈子都没见过,咋能指望他们能写出来呢?尤其是GRE词汇,什么"给马穿衣服","纽约的流氓","从非洲吹向南欧的风"....这些词都是一些精致的修辞,也就是说,如果您话里净是这些词,那您可以假冒一位学者了。;)一般的老外都是听不懂您说的这些话的,所以不用这些词也能表达同样的含义。好了,您的机会来了,您可以跟老外讲话中带上这些单词,然后很自豪地假装谦虚地跟他们解释这些词的含义。;)每次跟老外解释一两个词就足够了,老外会佩服您佩服得五体投地的。;)HL就向ws解释吧!要大胆而耐心,尤其是大胆。;)

这个阶段,您就别再练听力了,因为练了进步也不大。还记得开头那句话么?要想成功,得走捷径。凡是不能在短时期内取得巨大进步的行动,都不必浪费时间去做。不过,这时候的阅读材料成了问题:您会发现,过去看的东西觉得太浅没意思,看其他深的东西又看不懂。您还会发现一个新的有趣现象:那就是您想看的文章里,现在全是第一个等级的那些词,每个词您都确切知道它的含义,但整个文章您就是看不懂。;Q那您该看什么呢?就看第二个等级的那些浅显文章啊。虽然浅显,但能帮助您不至于忘了过去背出来的成果。至于您看不懂的那些文章,别着急,等您和老外交流多了,您自然就懂了,那都是一些词组、俚语或文法组成的文章。:)

背单词捷径的第四条,就是:联想,联想,联想,.....背单词的第一个动作是什么?端详一下它的外貌。第二第三个动作呢?看看它的内涵和发音。而第四个动作,就应该是联想,再联想.....联想它和其他背过的词有没有外表类似的?读音类似的?意思类似或相反的?如果有,就赶紧记在旁边,在另外那些词旁边也把这个词加上。这样,以后看见其他词,也会联想起这个词,等于又增加了一次见面机会。而且,在第二、第三个等级的词汇里,还有许多单词是由"前缀","词根","后缀"组成的,前缀比如"re","in","pseud"...,后缀比如"er","a","oid"...,然后共同组成一个新词。如果掌握了这些前后缀,就可以很方便地猜出一个生词到底什么意思。另外,有很多读音相近的词也有相似的意思,这在俚语、诗歌和儿童用语中更普遍。如果每天记80个单词,一个月只能背2400个单词,但掌握了这些规律后,实际上背的速度越来越快,几乎一万多单词都是不用背就会了的。不过,在GRE单词中,有很多是既没有和其他词的关系,又没有前后缀,看起来既简单又记不住的单词。这些词里边有希腊语,意大利语,德语,拉丁语,甚至还有日语译音。这就只能靠和别人解释来掌握了。(HL一定要注意!)

背单词捷径的第五条,就是:复习!记得快,忘得也就快,这是一个非常正常的规律。在背单词的过程中,复习就显得非常重要。俺总结复习的规律是:十个单词复习一遍,然后三十个单词,然后是以前所有没背下来的单词。复习的时候,同样不必细抠,粗略地扫一遍就可以了,但一定要想它的读音(因为英语是象声的)。最后背不下来的单词,一定是不常用的,因为老外一样背不下来。;)每背完一个开头字母的单词,就要把前一个开头字母的复习一遍。然后每背完前文中括号里面的开头字母,就把上一个括号里的复习一遍。复习的时候,要先看英文翻译中文意思来一遍,然后再看着中文想它的英文单词再来一遍。前面说过,在泛听,泛读中忘了的词要和背的时候就记不住的词分着记下来,就是为了在复习的时候区别对待。忘了的词,要每天看一遍,会了就划掉,而记不住的词则在背完了整个字母以后,单独背一下这些词,平常就不用看了。GRE单词的复习方法非常奇怪:它需要进行填字游戏。也就是说,盖住单词的一部分,然后想整个词是怎么拼。另外,还得想它的同义词,近义词,反义词。顺便说一句,考GRE的词和考TOFEL的词互相之间是毫不相关的,也就是说,您不会TOFEL的词,GRE也有可能拿个高分

词缀的种类是什么 分别举例来说明

1、a-

① 加在单词或词根前面,表示"不,无,非"

anemia 反常的(a+nomal正常的+ous)

② 加在单词前,表示"在…,…的"

asleep 睡着的(a+sleep睡觉)

2、ab-,abs-加在词根前,表示"相反,变坏,离去"等

abnormal 反常的(ab+normal正常的)

3、ab-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at-等加在同辅音字母的词根前,表示"一再"等加强意

accumulate积累(ac+cumul堆积+ate→堆积起来→积累)

4、ad-加在在单词或词根前,表示"做…,加强…"

adapt适应(ad+apt能力→有适应能力)

adept熟练的(ad+ept能力→有做事能力→熟练的)

5、amphi-表示"两个,两种"

amphibian两栖动物(amphi+bi生命+an→两个生命→两栖动物)

amphicar水陆两用车(amphi+car车→两用车)

6、an-在词根前,表示"不,无"

anarchi**无政府主义(an+arch统治+i**→无统治→无政府主义)

anharmonic不和谐的(an+hamonic和谐的→不和谐的)

7、ana-表示"错误,在旁边,分开"

****ogy类比;类似(ana+logy讲话→再旁边讲→讲一样的东西→类似)

****ogous类似的(****ogy的形容词)

8、ante-表示"前面,先"

antedate提前写日期;先于,早于(ante+date日期→提前写日期)

anterior前面的(ante+erior[…的] →前面的)

9、anti-表示"反对,相反"

antiwar反战的(anti+war战争)

antipathy反感(anti+pathy感情)

10、人,人类-anthrop(o)

anthropology[anthropo人类,-logy…学者]人类学

anthropologist[anthropo人类,-logist…学者]人类学者

11、人民―(1)popul

population[popul人民→居民,-ation名词字尾]全体居民,人口

populous [popul人民→居民,-ous…的]人口稠密的

男-(1)andr(o)

androgyne[andro男人,gyn女人]具有男妇两性的人,阴阳人

androgyni**[andro男,gyn女,-i**表性质状态]半男半女

男-(2)vir

virile[vir男,ile形容词字尾,…的]男的,男性的,男子的,有男子气概的,有男性生殖力的

virili**[见上,-i**表示现象]男性现象

virility[见上,-ity表示性质]男子气概,男生殖力,男子的成年

女-(1)gyn(o); gynec(o)

gynecology[gyneco妇女,-logy…学]妇科学,妇科

gynecologist[见上,-ist人]妇科医生

女-(2)fem; femin

female[fem女,妇女]女性的,妇女的;女子

feminine[femin女,-ine…的]女性的,妇女的

12、be-

① 构成动词,表示"使…成为"

beguile欺骗(be+guile欺骗)

belie掩盖(be+lie说慌)

② 构成一些介词

before在前面(be+fore前面)

beneath在下面(be+neath下面)

13、bene- 表示"善,好"

benewolent好意的(bene+vol意愿+ent→好意的)

benefaction好事;恩惠(bene+fact做+ion→好事)

14、bi-表示"两个,两"

biweekly双周刊(bi+week星期+ly→两星期)

bilingual双语种的(bi+lingu语言+al→双语的)

15、by-表示"在旁边,副的"

byproduct副产品(by+product产品)

byroad辅路(by+road路)

16、circum-表示"环绕,周围"

circumcise环割(circum+cise切→环切)

circumference周长(circum+fer带来→ence→带来一圈→周长)

17、co-表示"共同",通常放在元音词根前

Cooperation合作(co+operation操作→共同操作→合作)

Coagulate凝结(co+agul凝聚+ate→凝聚起来)

18、col-,cor在同辅音词根前,表示"共同"

collaboration协作;合著(col+labor劳动+ation→共同劳动)

collocate并置,排列(col+loc地方+ate→放在同一地方→排列)

19、com-,con-表示"共同"

combine联合,结合(com+bine捆→捆在一起→结合)

compassion同情(com+passion爱国者→同胞)

20.contra-表示"反对,相反"

contrary相反的(contra+ary→相反的)

contradict反驳;矛盾(contra+dict说→反着说→反驳)

21.counter-表示"反对,相反"

counteract对抗;抵消(counter+act行为→反着行动→对抗)

counterbalance平衡(counter+balance平衡→两边一样→达到平衡)

22.de-

① 表示"去掉,变坏,离开,变慢,向下"等

destruction破坏(de+struct结构;建造+ion→弄坏结构→破坏)

desalt除去盐分(de+salt盐→去掉盐分)

② 表示"使…成为,加强"等

delimit 划定界限(de+limit限定→加强限定)

depict描绘(de+pict图画→成为图画→描绘)

23.di-

① 表示"两个,双"

dichromatic两色的(di+chrom颜色+atic→两色的)

dioxide二氧化物(di+ox氧+ide→二氧化物)

② 表示"使…变成,分开,离开"

dilate膨胀,扩大(di+late放→分开放→扩大)

dilute冲淡,稀释(di+lute冲洗→冲洗开→冲淡)

24.dia-表示"穿过,二者之间"

dialogue对话(dia+logue话→对着说话)

diameter直径(dia+meter测量→对着测量〔圆〕直径)

25.dif-和辅音重复表示"不,否定,分开"

differ不同(dif+fer带来→带来不同→不同)

difference不同(differ的名词)

26.dis-

① 表示"不,消失掉"

dislike不喜欢(dis+like喜爱→不喜爱)

disorder无秩序(dis+order顺序→没有顺序)

② 表示"分开,分离"

disseminate散布,传播(dis+semin种子+ate→散布〔种子〕)

dispense分配(dis+pense花费→分开花费→分配〔财富等〕)

27.dys-表示"坏,不良"

dyspepsia消化不良(dys+peps消化;胃+ia病→消化不好)

dystrophy营养不良(dys+trophy营养)

28.e-,ef-表示"出,出来"

elongate延长,拉长(e+long长+ate→长出来)

elaborate精工细做的(e+labor劳动+ate→劳动出来→精做的)

29.em-,en-

① 表示"进入…之中,包围"

embrace拥抱(em+brace胳膊→进入怀抱)

embed安置;嵌于(em+bed范围;床→进入范围→安置)

② 表示"使…进入状态"

empower授权(em+power权力)

embitter使痛苦(em+bitter痛苦的)

30.epi-表示"在….上,在….周围,在….后面"

epidemic流行性的(epi+dem人民+ic→在人民周围→流行的)

epigram警句,格言(epi+gram写→写在上面的话→格言)

31.eu-表示"好,优秀"

eulogize赞美(eu+log说+ize→说好话)

eurhythmic协调的(eu+rhythm节奏+ic)

32.ex-

① 表示"出,出去"

expose暴露(ex+plse放→放出去→暴露)

exalt使升高(ex+alt高→高出来→升高)

② 表示"前面的,前任的"

ex-wife前妻(ex前+wife妻子)

ex-president前任总统(ex前+president总统)

33.exo-表示"外部的,外面"

exodus大批移出(exo+odus大批量)

34.extra-表示"以外的,超过的"

extracurriculum课外的(extra+curriculum课程表)

extraviolet紫外线的(extra+violet紫色的)

35.fore-表示"前面,预先"

forestall阻止(fore+stall阻止)

forearm前人,祖先(fore+amr胳膊)

36.hetero-表示“异类,异种”

37.homo-表示“同类的”

homosexual同性恋的(homo+sexual性别的)

38.hyper-表示“超过,太多”

hyperactive活动过度的(hyper+active活动的)

hypersensitive过敏的(hyper+sensitive敏感的)

39.hypo-表示“下面,次等”

hypodermic皮下的(hypo+derm皮+ic)

hypothesis假说,假设(hypo+thesis论文→还不是正式的理论→假说)

40.il-,ir-

① 放在同辅音词根前表示“不,无”

illegal非法的(il+legal合法的)

illiterate 不识字的(il+literate认字的)

② 表示“使….成为,进入”

illusory虚幻的(来自illusion)

irritate激怒;**(ir+rit擦+ate→进入磨擦→激怒)

41.im-,in-

① 表示“不,无,非”

immoral不道德的(im+moral道德的)

impolite无礼的(im+polite礼貌的)

② 表示“向内,进入”

imprison监禁(im+prison监狱)

impel驱动(im+pel推→推进,驱动)

42.inter-表示“在…之间,相互”

international国际的(inter+national国家的)

interpersonal人与人之间的(inter+personal个人的)

43.intro-表示“向内,入内”

introduce引入,介绍(intro+duce引→引进)

introvert内向(intro+vert转→向内转→内向)

44.macro-表示“宏伟,大”

macroscale大规模的(macro+scale规模)

45.mal-表示“坏,恶”(亦作male)

malodor恶臭(mal+odor气味)

maltreat虐待(mal+treat对待)

46.micro-表示“微,小”

microwave微波(micro+wave波)

microfilm微缩胶卷(micro+film胶片)

47.mini-表示“小”

minify使…缩小(mini+fy→小化)

minimum最小量(minim+um)

48.mis-表示“错误,坏”

misdoing坏事(mis+doing做事)

mistrust不信任(mis+trust相信)

49.mono-表示“单个,一个”

monogamy 一夫一妻制(mono+gamy婚姻)

monopoly垄断(mono+poly→独家卖→垄断)

50.Multi-表示”很多,很多”

multiform a.多种多样的(multi+form形式)

multimedia a.多媒体的(multi+media媒介)

51.neo-表示”新的”

neonatal a.新生的,被生的(neo+natal出生的)

neogamist a.新婚者(neo+gamist结婚者)

52.non-表示”不,非”

nonstop a.直达的(non+stop停止→不停→直达的)

na.冷漠的(non+chalant关心的→不关心的)

53.omni-表示”全部.到处”

omnipresent a.无所不在的(omni+present出现的)

omnipotent a.全能的(omni+potent的能力的)

54.out-

① 表示”超过.过度”

outwear v.穿破(out+wear穿→穿出了[洞])

outlaw n.歹徒(out+law法律→超越法律之人)

② 表示”出去.过时”

outside ad.在外面(out+side旁边→在外边)

outflow v.流出(out+flow流→流出)

55.over-

① 表示”过度,过分”

overstudy n.用功过度(over+study学习)

overwork n.过度劳累(over+work工作)

② 表示”在……之上”

overlap n\v.重叠(over+lap交叉→[大腿]交叉→重叠)

iverride v.推翻,不理会(over+ride骑→骑在上面→推翻[下面的])

③表示“翻转”

overturn 颠覆(over+rurn转→翻转)

overthrow 推翻(over+throw扔→扔翻了→推翻)

56.paleo 表示:”古,旧”

paleozoology n. 古动物学(paleo+zoology动物学)

57.pan-表示“广泛的”

pan-American 泛美的

pansophic 全知的(pan+soph智慧→ic→智慧广→都知道)

58.para-

① 表示“半,类似,辅助”

parastatal 半官方的(para+sttal国家的)

parapolitical 半政治的(para+political政治的)

② 表示“在旁边”

paradox矛盾的说法(para+dox观点→观点边上有观点→矛盾)

paragon典范(para+gon角→旁边顶尖人物→典范)

③ 表示“降落伞”

parachute降落伞(para+chute降下)

paradrop空投,空降(para+drop扔下)

59.pen-表示“近似,差不多”

peninsula 半岛(pen+insula岛→似岛一样→半岛)

60.per-

① 表示“贯穿,自始至终”

perennial全年的(per+ennial年→全年的)

persuade劝说(per+suade劝→一直劝→劝说)

② 表示“假,坏”

perfidy不忠,背叛(per+fid相信+y→假相信→不忠诚)

pervert落,滥用(per+vert转→转向坏→堕落)

61.peri-表示“周围,靠近”

perigon周角,360度角(peri+gon角)

62.poly-表示“多”

polyandry一妻多制(poly+andry男人)

63.post-

① 表示“在后面”

postwar战后的(post+war战争)

postpone推迟(post+phone放→放到后面→推迟)

② 表示“邮件,邮政”

postage邮资(post+age钱;状态)

postal邮政的(post+al)

64.pre-表示“….前的,预先”

prehistory 史前(pre+history历史)

prepay 预付(pre+pay付钱)

65.Pro-

① 表示“向前,在前”

propel 推进(pro+pel推→向前推)

proficient 精通的;熟练的(pro+fici做+ent→做在[别人] 前面→精通)

② 表示“很多…”

profit 利润,收益(pro+fit做→做很多→做得好→利润)

profuse 大量的,丰富的(pro+fuse流→流很多→大量的)

③ 表示“赞同,亲…”

pro-American 亲美的

67.paeudo-表示“假,伪”

pseudo 假的,虚伪的

68.re-

①表示“向后,相反,不”

reflect 回想;反射(re+flect弯曲→反弯曲→反射)

②表示“一再,重新”

reappear再出现(re+appear出现)

rearrage重新安排(re+arrange安排)

69.retro-表示“向后,倒退”

retrograd后退,倒退(retro+grade走→向后走)

retrogress倒退,退化(retro+gress走→向后走)

70.se-表示“分开,离开,区别开”

secede正式退出(组织)(se+cede走→走开→退出)

seduce勾引,诱惑(se+duce引→引开→勾引别人)

71.sub-

① 表示“在下面,次一等,副手”

subdue征服;减轻(sub+due从属→从属在下面→征服)

subjugate镇压;征服(sub+jug牛轭+ate→套上牛轭→镇压)

subliminal潜意识的(sub+limin门槛+al→在门槛下→在意识之下→潜意识的)

submerge沉没,淹没(sub+merge淹没→淹没下去)

submissive恭顺的(sub+miss给→ive→在下面给→恭顺的)

subordinate附属的(sub+ordin顺序+ate→顺序在下→附属的)

suborn收买,贿赂(sub+orn装饰→在下面装饰→贿赂)

subscribe捐献,订购(sub+scribe写→在下面写上名字→订购)

subside下陷;平息(sub+terr地+anean→地下的)

subterranean地下的(sub+terr转→转下去→推翻)

subcontinent次大陆(sub+continetn大陆)

subtropics亚热带(sub+tropics热带)

subtitle副标题(sub+tropics热带)

subeditor助理编辑(sub+editor编辑)

suboffice分办事处(sub+office办公室)

② 表示“接近,靠近”

subcentral接近中心的(sub+central中心的)

subaratic近北极的(sub+arctic北极的)

sub*****接近成年的(sub+*****成年人)

subacid略酸的(sub+acid酸)

subarid有点干燥的(sub+arid干燥的)

72. suc-, suf-, sup-, sur-等在同辅音词根前表示“在…下面”

succeed 成功(suc+ceed走→从下走到上面→成功)

succinct简洁的,简明的(suc+cinct捆→在下面先捆好→简洁的)

succumb屈从;死亡(suc+cumb躺→躺下去→屈从;死亡)

sufficient足够的(suf+fici做+ent→在下面先做好,用的时候→足够的)

suffer受苦(suf+fer带→带到下面去→受苦)

suffix后缀(suf+fix固定→在后面固定→后缀)

suffocate窒息(suf+foc喉咙+ate→把〔手〕放喉咙下→窒息)

suffuse弥漫,染遍(suf+fuse流→流下去→流遍,染遍)

supplant排挤,取代(sup+plant种植→种在下面,把上面的取代)

supplicant哀求的恳求的(sup+plic重量+ant→双膝重叠跪下→哀求的)

supplicate恳求,乞求(sup+plic重叠+ate→〔膝盖〕重叠跪下→恳求)

support支持(sup+port带→带来支持)

suppress镇压,压制(sup+press压→压下去)

suppose猜想,推测(sup+pose放→放下去想→猜想)

surreptitious鬼鬼崇崇的(sur+rept爬+itious→在下面爬→鬼鬼崇崇的)

surrogate代替品;代理人(sur+rog要求+ate→要求下面〔有人〕→代理人)

surround包围(sur+round圆圈→在下面围一圈)

surrounding环境(surround+ing→被围起来的状态→环境)

73. sur-表示“超过,在上面”

surface表面(sur+face脸面)

surpass超过(sur+pass通过→在上面通过→超越)

surreali**超现实主义(sur+reali**现实主义)

surmount登上,超越(sur+mount山→在山上→登上)

surplus多余的(sur+plus多余;加→多出很多)

surcharge附加费(sur+charge收费→额外的收费→附加费)

surveillance临视;看守(sur+veil看+lance→在上面看→临视)

survival幸存,生存(sur+viv活+al→经过事故活着→幸存)

74. super-

① 表示“超级,超过,过度”

supersized超大型的(super+sized有范围的)

supersonic超音速的(super+sonic声音的)

supernatural超自然的(super+natural自然的)

superfluous多余的(super+flu流+ous→流出太多)

supercilious目中无人的(super+cili眉毛+ous→在眉毛上看人→目中无人)

supersensitive过度敏感的(super+sensitive敏感的)

supercharge负载过重(super+chrage收费,负担→负担过重)

② 表示“在…上面”

supervise临视(super+vise看→在上面看→临视)

superstructure上层建筑(super+structure结构)

superimpose放…上面,强加(super+impose放上去→在上面放→强加)

superficial肤浅的(super+fic做+ial→在表面上做)

superintend监督(super+intend关心→在上面关心→监督)

supersede淘汰;取代(super+sede坐→坐上去→淘汰〔以前的东西〕)

superstition迷信(super+stit站+ion→站在人〔理智〕之上的东西→迷信)

75.sus-表示“在…下面”

susceptible易受感染的,易受影响的(sus+cept拿+ible→能被拿下→易受影响)

susceptive有接受力的;敏感的(sus+cept拿+ive→有拿下的能力→有接受力的)

suspect怀疑(sus+pect看→在下面看一看→怀疑)

suspend悬挂,中止(sus+pend挂→挂在下面→悬挂)

suspense担心;悬而不决(sus+pense挂→一颗心挂着)

suspire叹息,渴望(sus+pire呼吸→喝望)

sustain支撑;承受(sus+tain握住→在下面握住→支撑)

sustenance生活资料,粮食(sus+ten支撑+ance→支撑下去的东西→粮食;坚持)

76.sym-,syn-表示“共同,相同”

sympathy同情(sym+pathy感情)

symphony交响乐(sym+phony声音)

symmetry对称(sym+metry测量→两边测量一样→对称)

symbiosis共生(sym+bio生命+sis→共同生命)

symposium专题讨论会(sym+pos放+ium→放在一起〔讨论〕→专题讨论)

synchronous同时发生的(syn+chron时间+ous→共同时间的)

synonym同义词(syn+onym名字→名字相同→同义词)

synthesis合成(syn+thesis放→放在一起→合成)

synopsis摘要,概要(syn+ops选择+is→共同选出→摘要)

syndrome综合症状(syn+drome跑→跑到一起→综合症)

77.trans-

① 表示“横过,越过”

transcontinetal横贯大陆的(trans+continental大陆的)

transnormal超出常规的(trans+noraml正常的)

transcend超越,胜过(trans+scend爬→爬过→超越)

transgress冒犯;违背(trans+gress走→横着走→冒犯)

tran**it传送,传播(trans+mit送→横着送消息→传播)

transparent透明的(trans+par平等+ent→横穿过去看得一样清楚→透明的)

transect横切,横断(trans+sect切→横切)

② 表示“变换,改变,转移”

tranplant移植(trans+plant种→转移过去→移植)

transaction交易;办理(trans+action行动→交换行动→交易)

transcribe抄写,转录(trans+scribe写→把写的东西移到〔另一张纸上〕→抄写)

transfigure改观;变形(trans+figure形状→改变形状)

transfuse输血;充满(trans+fuse流→〔血〕流过去→输血)

transitory短暂的(trans+it走+ory→走过就变→输血)

tran**ogrify变得古怪,变形(trans+mogr怪形状+ify→变成怪形状)

78.ultra-

① 表示“极端”

ultrapure极纯的(ultra+pure纯的)

ultramilitant极端好战的(ultra+militant好斗的)

ultraclean极洁净的(ultra+clean干净的)

ultra-reactionary极端反动的(ultra+reactionary反动的)

ultraliberal极端自由主义的(ultra+liberal自由的)

② 表示“超出,超过”

ultrasonic超音速的(ultra+sonic声音的)

ultramodern超现代化的(ultra+modern现代化的)

ultramundane超俗的(ultra+mudane俗气的)

ultrared红外线的(ultra+red红色的)

ultraviolet紫外线的(ultra+violet紫色的)

79.un-

① 表示“不,无,非,没有”

unreal不真实(un+real真实的)

unequal不平等的(un+equal平等的)

unfortunate不幸的(un+fortunate幸运的)

unabashed不害臊的(un+abashed难为情的)

unassuming不摆架子的(un+assuming自以为是的)

uncommitted不承担责任的(un+committed担责任的)

unscrupulous肆无忌惮的(un+scrupulosu小心的)

untoward不幸的;逆境的(un+toward顺利的→不顺的)

unconditional无条件的(un+conditional有条件的)

unlimitted无限的(un+limited有限的)

unambitious无野心的(un+ambitious有雄心的)

unconscionable无节制的(un+conscionabe明智的)

unfailing无尽的,无穷的(un+failing有尽头;失败的→没有尽头的)

unofficial非官方的(un+official官方的)

unjust非正义的(un+just公正的)

unworldly非尘世的(un+worldly世俗的)

uneducated未受教育的(un+educated有教养的)

uncivilized未开化的(un+civilized文明的)

undecided未决定的(un+decided决定的)

unalloyed未掺杂的(un+alloy合金,混合+ed→没混合的)

uncharted图上没标明的(un+chared图上标明的)

② 表示“打开,解开,弄出”

unlock开锁(un+lock锁)

unbind解开(un+bind捆住)

unbutton解开钮扣(un+botton钮扣)

uncover揭开盖子(un+cover盖子)

undress脱衣服(un+dress衣服)

untomb掘墓(un+tomb墓)

unearth从地下挖出(un+earth土地)

unbosom吐露)(un+bosom胸→打开心胸→吐露)

unravel解开;拆散(un+ravel纠缠)

80.under-

① 表示“在…下”

underground地下的(under+ground地)

underwrite在…下面写(under+write写)

underline划线于…下(under+line线,在字底下划线,引申为强调)

undersea在海底(under+sea海)

undermine破坏,损坏(under+mine挖→挖墙角)

underling下属(under+ling小人物→下属)

underclothing内衣裤(under+clothing衣服)

underwear内衣(under+wear穿衣服)

② 表示“不足,不够”

underestimate估计不足(under+estimate估计)

underplay对…轻描淡写(under+play玩→没玩够→说得不够的)

underpopulated人口稀少的(under+populated有人住的)

underdeveloped不发达的(under+developed发展→发展不够)

undersized不够大的(under+sized大的→不够大的)

③ 表示“副手”

underagent副代理人(under+agent代理人)

underofficer下级官员(under+officer官员

因为长度不够,所以就简单的弄了下,如果楼主需要更多的例子,可以发邮件给我709497099@qq.com,我还有词根的归纳O(∩_∩)O~希望对楼主有用

efficient请分解出词根 词缀

fact-,fic-,是表示‘make,做‘的词根。efficient=ex+fact ex-是表示out的前缀,efficient字面上来讲是‘做出来’,也就是有作用、有效果、有效率了。sufficient=sub+fact,sub-是表示‘下面的’前缀,sufficient字面上就是‘从下面打好很好的基础,从而使得未来很充足’。

含义:

只能粘附在 词根上构成新 词的 语素,它本身不能单独构成词。粘附在词根前面的词缀称为 前缀,粘附在词根后面的词缀称为后缀,插入词根中间的词缀称为中缀。

前缀、中缀、后缀都是粘附在词根之上的附加成分,所以它们又称为前加成分、中加成分和后加成分。如“老鼠”、“老虎”里的“老”;“作家”﹑“科学家”里的“家”。

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