consumeri**「consumeri**作文」
"反消费主义"的起源?
关于消费主义:
消费主义(consumeri**)是当今美国文化研究里经常出现的语词。这里所谓“消费”并不是传统政治经济学范畴里所指的对物品的需求与满足,而是指人与物品之间的关系。《消费社会》的作者鲍德里亚(Jean Baudrillard)认为消费构成当下资本主义社会的内在逻辑;美国学者詹明信所谓晚期资本主义文化逻辑也含盖消费社会。在消费社会里,生活中的一切都成了消费品。消费品的普遍存在证明资本主义的合理,“消费社会首先论证了资本主义平等的神话。”

[1]在商品消费面前人人平等。英国学者卢瑞(Celia Lury)认为“消费文化是20世纪后半叶出现在欧美社会的物质文化的一种特殊形式。”
[2] 物质文化领域里的消费不限于商业系统。商品由文化环境确定用途,日用品也有文化含义。卢瑞援引另两位学者的话进一步阐明自己的论点:“商品都具有价值,其价值取决于消费者的价值观……每个人既是价值的评判者也是被评判的对象……人们之所以选择这些商品,是因为它们有相应的等级……”
[3]消费体现个人身份。消费在20世纪显得格外重要“表明了资本主义一种重大的变迁……资本主义开始需要确保人们积极地和以各种特殊的方式参与到消费社会中去。”
[4]消费文化的前提是资本主义商品生产的扩张,生产扩张的结果是闲暇和消费活动的增长。“当人们消费商品的时候,社会关系也就显露出来。”
[5] 上面引文里出现的消费社会、消费文化实际上与消费主义的说法是一回事;所涉及的消费的文化社会含义即构成消费主义问题。我们研究美国文化里的消费主义问题,就是研究美国人已然成为生活方式的消费价值取向。“消费主义是指这样一种生活方式:消费的目的不是为了实际需求的满足,而是不断追求被制造出来、被**起来的欲望的满足。换句话说,人们所消费的,不是商品和服务的使用价值,而是它们的符号象征意义。”
[6]美国文化里的消费主义恰呈现这一特征。美国就是由消费者构成的国度。美利坚式的消费主义灌输给美国人的是个人成功只有通过金钱上的成功来实现,财富是通过购买商品体现的。在当今的美国社会文化语境里,消费是再正宗地道不过的行为了。美国人无处不与消费打交道。美国人有时也担心失去更有意义的价值观和生活方式,但他们对消费主义的不适和抨击从来不很强烈。
[7] 20世纪60年代和70年代初美国学界倒是讨论过消费文化并且影响深远,论者是受法兰克福学派影响的“新左派”。他们的主要观点是美国人被人为地拖进虚伪的消费文化,这种文化不可能真正满足人文的需要。然而,这种论调并没有长久的生命力,连批评美国文化的人也不太赞同他们的看法。不过,有一点不容否认:“构成了价值的等级秩序的制度保证”(鲍德里亚语)的炫耀式消费是与新教伦理相悖的。新教伦理和清教精神都崇尚节俭。贝尔在《资本主义文化矛盾》中一语道破:“事实上,正是资产阶级经济体系——更确切地说是自由市场——酿成了传统资产阶级价值体系的崩溃。这是美国生活中资本主义矛盾产生的根源。”
[8]当今美国文化研究里的消费主义问题讨论侧重收入的不平等以及消费主义带来的环境恶化问题。本文认为侧重这方面的研究更贴近批评的理性。有学者将消费主义称为新资本主义(R.Cronk).不可否认,消费主义的确将资本主义推向了一个新阶段。但是,笔者更倾向美国上中产阶级引导的消费主义属于社会风尚和生活方式问题的看法。因此,本文避免使用肖尔(Juliet Schor)“消费的新政治学”之类的字眼。美国当今的文化精神面貌是经济生产与社会结构的产物,本文仍然遵循这个常识来理解消费主义问题。本文遵循的研究方法是朴素的实证方法,以期描述美国消费主义产生的历史背景和现状。
消费主义英文
消费主义英文是consumeri**。
英[kənˈsju:mərɪzəm]:美[kənˈsu:mərɪzəm]。n.消费主义 (认为高消费对个人和社会有利的看法);保护消费者利益主义。网络消费主义;消费者主义;用户至上主义;消费者至上主义。
网络释义:
1.消费主义:消费主义(consumeri**)是当今美国文化研究里经常出现的语词。这里所谓“消费”并不是传统政治经济学范畴里所指的对物品的需求与满足,而是指人与物品之间的关系。
2.消费者主义:其中有对某件建筑作品的褒贬、对某位建筑师或某个创作流派的综合评价,也有对整个建筑创作环境的社会批判。他抨击美国在二战后大力推行消费者主义(consumeri**)的汽车和郊区文化对建筑的腐蚀影响,赞赏A.佐尼斯与L.勒菲弗尔提出的“批判的地域主义”的文化认同。
3.用户至上主义:2001年7月30日 - 80年代成长起来的青年学生,他们头上的称谓很多,有人说他们是三C一代,用户至上主义(consumeri**)、电脑(computer)、现金(cash),有人说他们是数字一代。
以上内容参考consumeri**的意思
关于consumeri**作文
Consumeri** is a social and economic order that encourages the purchase of goods and services in ever-greater amounts. The term is often associated with critici**s of consumption starting with Thorstein Veblen. Veblen's subject of examination, the newly emergent middle class arising at the turn of the twentieth century, comes to full fruition by the end of the twentieth century through the process of globalization.
Sometimes, the term "consumeri**" is also used to refer to the consumerists movement, consumer protection or consumer activi**, which seeks to protect and inform consumers by requiring such practices as honest packaging and advertising, product guarantees, and improved safety standards. In this sense it is a movement or a set of policies aimed at regulating the products, services, methods, and standards of manufacturers, sellers, and advertisers in the interests of the buyer.
Consumeri**是什么意思?
同学你好,很高兴为您解答!
Consumeri**,您说的这个英文词语在CMA的考试中比较常见,学会这个词语对考取英文CMA资格证书特别有帮助。这个词语的汉语意思是:消费主义。
希望高顿网校的回答能帮助您解决问题,更多CMA的相关问题欢迎提交给高顿企业知道。
高顿祝您生活愉快!
消费用英语怎么说
消费是社会再生产过程中的一个重要环节,也是最终环节。那么你知道消费用英语怎么说吗?下面跟我一起学习消费的英语知识吧。
消费的英语说法
consume
expense
spending
消费的相关 短语
超前消费 excessive consumption ; deficit spending ; pre-mature consumption ; overconsuming
消费主义 Consumeri** ; Religion of Consumeri** ; Mass consumption ; Theory of consumer demand
消费潮 Spending wave ; Age-wave
消费膨胀 inflated consumption ; inevened consumption ; inflated c umption
消费开支 consumption expenditure ; consumer spending ; consumer expenditure ; private consumption
消费模式 expenditure pattern ; consumption pattern ; spending pattern ; mode of consumption
情感消费 emotional consumption
消费支出 consumer spending ; consumption expenditures ; Personal Consumption Expenditures ; consumption
消费需求 consumer demand ; consumption demand ; consumption needs ; demand for consumption
消费的英语例句
1. Novello says college students will spend $4.2 billion yearly on alcoholic beverages.
诺韦洛说大学生每年在酒精饮品上会消费掉42亿美元。
2. Spending could outrun the capacity of businesses to produce the goods.
消费有可能超出企业的产能。
3. We have allowed spending and borrowing to rise in this recession.
在此经济萧条时期,我们容许增加消费和借贷。
4. The reduced consumer demand is also affecting company profits.
消费需求的降低也影响到了公司的利润。
5. T-shirts, the epitome of American casualness, have moved upscale.
象征美国休闲风格的T恤,已经向高端消费市场迈进。
6. They are also spending much less on extras like meals in restaurants.
他们花在下馆子等额外消费上的钱也少多了。
7. There is a set menu from £4.00 for two courses with coffee.
有最低消费是4英镑的两道菜加咖啡的套餐。
8. The restructuring of the pattern of consumption in Britain also lagged behind.
在消费结构重组方面,英国也落后于人。
9. Recycling the waste from our increased consumption is better than burning it.
对我们增加消费产生的垃圾进行回收要好过将其焚烧。
10. Consumers did not spend and create jobs; they hoarded.
消费者并没有消费进而创造就业机会,他们把钱都存起来了。
11. South Korea's imports of consumer products jumped 33% in this year.
今年,韩国消费产品的进口激增了33%。
12. New consumer credit fell to $3.7 billion in August.
8月份新增消费信贷降至37亿美元。
13. She later developed a taste for expensive nightclubs.
她后来逐渐变得喜欢去消费高昂的夜总会。
14. They have clearly embraced Western consumeri**.
他们显然完全接受了西方的消费主义观念。
15. the lowering of taxes and the consequent increase in spending
税收降低与随之引起的消费增长
关于消费的英文阅读:大学生消费 警惕贷款陷阱
fu yanxi could not help buying an iphone at only a third of its market price in january. but now he is running into trouble – failing to pay the monthly due will damage his credit record.
今年一月,付彦锡(音译)忍不住买了部只要市价1/3价钱的iphone手机,但如今却陷入了困境——由于无法按月还款,他的个人信用记录将会受到影响。
“i regret my decision now. i thought i could squeeze out some 550 yuan every month to cover the loan,” said the 22-year-old english major at central china normal university. “as it turns out i’m not very good at managing my limited budget.”
就读于华中师范大学英语专业、22岁的他说:“我很后悔之前的决定。原以为我每月能挤出550元来还贷,结果却发现自己并不擅长管理有限的预算。”
fu is not alone. according to a recent report in wuhan evening news, more than 20,000 students in the city, which has about 1 million college students, have taken out loans to buy **artphones, tablets and other digital gadgets.
遇到这种情况的不止付彦锡一人。《武汉晚报》近日报道称,在武汉100多万名在校大学生中,有超过2万人通过贷款来购买智能手机、平板电脑及其他数码设备。
experts say college students are inexperienced with handling credit. they should first learn to manage their basic budget and become more responsible, both financially and mentally.
有关专家表示,大学生在处理信贷方面 经验 不足,他们应该先学会安排基本开销,在经济与心理上变得更有责任感。
zhang shuyi, 21, felt reassured when the sale**an explained the 12-month loan to him. he walked away with a 2,300-yuan **artphone having paid only 230 yuan. the process looked easy enough and it took less than 15 minutes for his student id, citizen id and an activated bankcard to be checked.
听了销售人员关于一年期贷款的解释后,21岁的张舒乙(音译)打消了之前的顾虑,最终以230元的首付购买了一部价值2300元的智能手机。整个过程看起来十分简单,只需提交学生证、身份证、以及一张激活了的**卡,审核过程只用了15分钟。
“it was easy and the monthly due was only 250 yuan,” recalled the information engineering major at wuhan university of technology. later he purchased a digital camera in the same way.
就读于武汉科技大学信息工程专业的他回忆说:“这种方式十分便捷,每月也只需还250元。”之后,他用同样的 方法 购入了一部数码相机。
but when zhang couldn’t pay, he turned to his parents for help. a short calculation revealed that he had to pay 3,600 yuan for his 2,300 yuan phone, even though the initial payment looked minimal.
但是当张舒乙无力还贷时,他只好向父母求助。通过简单的计算便可得知,尽管看上去几乎“零首付”,但他却要为这部售价2300元的手机花掉3600元。
a lack of basic finance knowledge is one of the major reasons why students are falling into the credit purchase trap, said chen xin (not his real name), a credit manager at a local bank.
武汉当地一家**的信贷经理陈新(化名)表示,缺乏金融常识是这些学生跌入信贷购物陷阱的主要原因之一
“what they see is only the **all initial payment to take the gadget home,” said chen. “some don’t realize that interest is charged on the loan. in zhang’s case it was more than 40 percent, which is basically usury.”
“他们只看到购买电子设备的首付很少,却没有意识到贷款利息。在张舒乙的事例中,利息高达40%,这基本上算是***了。”
wuhan morning news conducted a survey on student budgets across five local universities. the report indicates that on average students have a monthly budget of 1,000 yuan. interestingly, more than 30 percent of respondents said they usually exceed their budget.
《武汉晨报》在武汉五所高校中进行了一项有关学生开销的调查,结果显示,学生平均每月预算为1000元。有趣的是,超过30%的受访者表示,他们通常会超出预算。
“everything was taken care of for these students before they entered college,” said shen qinlin, an education phd based in beijing. “it can be very challenging for them to suddenly manage a budget all alone. but it’s a lesson they have to learn sooner or later.”
来自北京的 教育 学博士沈勤林(音译)认为:“在这些学生升入大学前,他们受到了无微不至的照顾。突然间要他们独立管理日常开销确实颇具挑战性。但这一课他们迟早都要学习。”
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