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abbreviation反义词「abbreviate反义词」

更新时间:2026-07-20 16:12:49 周记网3年前 (2023-02-11)英文周记150

英语语言学指的是什么?

语言学是对语言的系统研究,对于一个学习英语的人来说,应该懂一点语言学的知识,它可以在理论上对学习语言有指导作用,有助于更好的学习语言,下面介绍一点语言学知识.

I. Introduction

1. What is Language

abbreviation反义词「abbreviate反义词」

Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.

2. What is Linguistics(语言学)

Linguistics is the scientific study of language.

3.Some Basic Distinctions(区分) in Linguistics

3.1 Speech and Writing

One general principle(原则) of linguistic ****ysis is the primacy of speech over writing. Writing gives language new scope(范畴) and uses that speech does not have.

3.2 Descriptive(描述性) or Prescriptive(说明性)

A linguistic study is descriptive if it describes and ****yses facts observed; it is prescriptive if it tries to lay down rules for "correct" behavior.

3.3 Synchronic(共时) and Diachronic(历时) Studies

The description of a language at some point in time is a synchronic study and The description of a language as it changes through time is a diachronic study.

3.4 Langue(语言) and Parole(言语)

This is a distinction made by the Swiss linguist F.De Saussure (索绪尔)early last century. langue refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community and parole refers to the actualized(实际的) language, or realization of langue.

3.5 Competence(能力)and Performance(行为)

Competence is the ideal language user's knowledge of the rules of his language. Performance is the actual realization of this knowledge in utterances(发声).

4.The Scope of Linguistics

General linguistics is the study of language as a whole.

Phonetics(语音学) is the branch of linguistics which studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription.

Phonology(音韵学) is the branch of linguistics which studies the sound patterns of languages.

Morphology(词法) is the branch of linguistics which studies the form of words.

Syntax(句法) is the branch of linguistics which studies the rules governing the combination of words into sentences.

Semantics(语义学) is the branch of linguistics which studies the meaning of language.

Applied linguistics(应用语言学) is the study of the teaching of foreign and second languages.

Sociolinguistics is the study of the relationship between language and society.

Psycholinguistics is the study of the relationship between language and the mind.

Historical Linguistics(历史语言学) is the study of language changes.

Anthropological linguistics(人文语言学) uses the theories and methods of anthropology to study language variation and language use in relation to the cultural patterns and beliefs of man.

Neurolinguistics(神经语言学) studies the neurological basis of language development and use in human beings.

Mathematical linguistics(数学语言学) studies the mathematical features of language, often employing models and concepts of mathematics.

Computational linguistics(计算语言学) is an approach to linguistics in which mathematical techniques and concepts(概念) are applied, often with the aid of a computer.

II. Phonetics(语音学)

1. scope of phonetics

Speech sounds may be studied from different angles, thus we have at least three branches of phonetics:

Articulatory phonetics(发音语音学)we may examine the way in which a speech sound is produced to discover which vocal organs are involved and how they coordinate(协调) in the process.

Auditory phonetics (听觉语音学)we may look into the impression a speaker makes on the hearer as mediated(调节) by the ear, the auditory nerve(神经) and the brain.

Acoustic phonetics (声学语音学) we study the physical properties of speech sounds, as tran**itted(传送) between mouth and ear.

2. The vocal organs

The vocal organs may be viewed as consisting of three parts, the initiator of the air-stream,(气流发生器官) the producer of voice(声音发生器官) and the resonating cavities.(声音共振器官)

3. Consonants(辅音)

Places of articulation(发音部位): bilabial,(双唇) Labiodentals,(唇齿) dental,(齿) alveolar,(齿龈) retroflex,(卷舌) palate-alveolar,(上齿龈) palatal,(上颚) velar,(软腭) uvular,(小舌) glottal(声门)

Manners of articulation: plosive,(暴破) nasal,(鼻音) trill,(颤音) lateral,(边音) fricative,(摩擦) approximant,(近似音) affricate(破擦)

4. Vowels (元音)

The classification of vowels: the height of tongue raising (high, mid, low), the position of the highest part of the tongue(front, central, back), and the degree of lip rounding(rounded, unrounded)

III. Phonology(音韵学)

1. phonemes(音素):a distinctive(有区别的) sound in a language.

2. Allophones(音位变体):The nondistinctive sounds are members of the same phoneme.

3. Minimal pairs(最小对立体): word forms which differ from each other only by one sound.

4. Free variation (自由变异):If two sounds occurring in the same environment(环境), they does not produce a different word form, but merely a different pronunciation of the same word.

5. Complementary distribution(补充分类):Not all the speech sounds occur in the same environment. When two sounds never occur in the same environment

6.Suprasegmental phonology(超音段音位):the study of phonological properties(性质) of units lager than the segment-phoneme. They are syllable(音节), stress,(重音) word stress, sentence stress. pitch (音调)and intonation(语调).

IV. Morphology(词法)

1. inflection(构形法):the grammatical relationships through the addition of inflectional affixes.(屈折词缀)

2. Word-formation(构词):the processes(过程) of word variations signaling lexical relationships.(表明词法关系) They are compound(合成)and derivation (派生).

3. Morpheme(词素): the **allest unit in terms of relationship between expression and content.

4. Allomorph(同质异象变体): some morphemes have considerable variation, for instance, alternate shapes or phonetic forms.

5. Types of morphemes: They are roots,(词根) affix(词缀) and stem(词干).

6. Lexicon(语言词汇):in its most general sense, is synonymous with vocabulary.

7. Closed-class words(封闭性) and open-class words(开放性):the former whose membership is fixed or limited and the latter whose membership is in principle(实际上) indefinite or unlimited.

8. Word class(词性):It displays a wider range of more precisely defined classes.

9. Lexeme(词位):the **allest unit in the meaning system of a language that can be distinguished from other **aller units.

10. Idiom(习语,成语):Most phrasal lexemes are idioms. It is especially true for a sequence of words(词序) which is semantically(语义上) and often syntactically(句法上) restricted.(限制)

11. Collocation(搭配): the habitual(习惯的) co-occurrences (同时出现)of individual lexical items.

V. Syntax (句法)

1. Positional relation or word order(词序):the sequential(顺序) arrangement of words in a language.

2. Construction or constituent (句子结构): the overall process of internal (内部)organization of a grammatical unit .

3. Syntactic function(句**能): the relationship between a linguistic form and other parts of the linguistic pattern in which it is used. The names of functions are expressed in terms of subjects, objects, predicates, modifiers,(修饰语) complements(补语), etc.

4. Category(范畴):It refers to classes and functions in its narrow sense, e.g. noun, verb, subject, predicate, noun phrase, verb phrase, etc. The categories of the noun include number, gender, case and countability.

5. Phrase: a single element of structure containing more than one word, and lacking the subject-predicate structure typical of clause.

6. Clause: a group of words with its own subject and predicate, if it is included in a larger sentence.

7. Sentence: It is the minimum part of language that expresses a complete thought.

VI. Semantics

1. Conceptuali** or mentali** (概念主义):Following F. De Saussure(索学尔)'s "sign" theory, the linguistic sign is said to consist of a signifier (所指)and signified(被指), i.e., a sound image and a concept, liked by a psychological(心理的) "associative" bond.(相关联系)

2. Mechani**(机械主义):Some linguists, Bloomfield,(布鲁费尔德) for example, turned to science to counter(反)-act the precious theories and this leads to what call the mechanistic approach(方法). The nature of this theory has nothing to do with the scientific study of mental phenomena.(智力现象)

3. Contextuali** (语境主义):It is based on the presumption(假定) that one can derive meaning from or reduce it to observable context.

4. Behaviori** (行为主义):Behaviourists attempt to define (定义)the meaning of a language form as "the situation(情景) in which the speaker utters(说话) it and the response(反应) it calls forth in the hearer."

5. functionali** (功能主义):Functionalists as represented (代表)by the Prague school(布拉格学派) linguists and neo-Firthian (新弗斯)linguists, approach the problem from an entirely new orientation(方法). They argue(争辩) that meaning could only be interpreted(解释) from its use or function in social life.

6. Sense relationships: While reference deals with the relationship between the linguistic elements, words, sentences, etc.,and the non-linguistic world of experience, sense relates to the complex system of relationships that hold between the linguistic elements themselves. They include synonymy(同义词),antonymy(反义词),hyponymy(下层次)Polysemy(一词多义)and Homonymy (同音异义词)

7. Semantic ****ysis: It includes 1) componential(成分) ****ysis which defines the meaning of a lexical element in terms of semantic components.(意义成分)2) predication (表述)****ysis in which the meaning of a sentence is not merely the sum of the meanings of the words which compose it. 3) relational components in which the semantic ****ysis of some words presents a complicated picture, because they show relations between two and perhaps more terms.

VII. Language Variation (语言变化)

1. Lexical change(词汇的变化):changes in lexis.

2. Invention: (新造词)new entities.

3. Compounding:(合成词)New words are sometimes constructed by combining two old words.

4. Blending: (混合词):It is a relatively complex form of compounding, in which two roots are blended by joining the initial part of the first root and the final part of the second root, or by joining the initial parts of the two roots.

5. Abbreviation or clipping:(缩写)A new word is created by cutting the final part or cutting the initial part.

6. acronym:(取首字母的缩写词)It is made up from the first letters of the name of an organization, which has a heavily modified (修饰) headword.

7. Met****ysis:(再分化)It refers to a process through which a division is made where there were note before.

8. Back-formation:(逆构词) It refers to an abnormal(非正常) type of word-formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting(去掉) an imagined affix from a longer form already present in the language.

9. Analogical creation:(类比造词)It can account for(说明) the co-existence of two forms, regular and irregular, in the conjugation(结合) of some English verbs.

10. Borrowing(借用):English in its development has managed to widen her vocabulary by borrowing words from other languages.

11. Phonological change(音变):It is related to language variation in the phonological system of language. It includes loss,(省音) addition,(加音) assimilation,( 同化)dissimilation.(异化)

12. Grammatical change: Changes in both morphology(词法) and syntax(句法) are listed under this heading.

13. Semantic change:(语义变化)It includes broadening,(语义扩大) narrowing,(语义缩小) meaning shift,(意义转化) class shift(词性转换) and folk etymology.(词源变化)

14. Orthographic change :(正字法)Changes can also be found at the graphetic level.

统称和什么是反义词

简称 [jiǎn chēng]

生词本

基本释义 详细释义

1.复杂名称的简化。如:人民代表大会简称人大

2.简明扼要地称作。如中国是中华人民共和国的简称

百科释义

简称,简单的称呼。抽出原词语中的共同部分,或概括原来几个词语表示的事物的共性,然后加上一个数词组成简称,如果涉及到特有名词的话,简称也属于官方学术界正式承认的官方称谓。 查看百科

英文翻译

Abbreviation

共性的反义词

问题一:一般的反义词 一、反义词:非常,格外,特别,特殊,新颖,奇异,个别,非凡,突出。

二、详细解释

1、一样,同样。

唐王建《宫词》之三五:“云驳月骢各试行,一般毛色一般缨。”

元张养浩《胡十八》曲:“齐歌着寿词,满斟着玉杯,愿合堂诸贵宾,都一般满千岁。”

2、犹一番,一种。

唐裴度《真慧寺》诗:“更有一般人不见,白莲花向半天开。”

宋刘克庄《乳燕飞・寿干官》词:“风流八十,是人间妆点,孩儿眉额。再著三星添上面,又是一般奇特。”

3、犹言一件,一桩。

唐白居易《玉泉寺南踯躅感惜题诗》:“犹有一般辜负事,不将歌舞管弦来。”

唐 白居易 《和同州杨侍郎夸见寄》诗:“君有一般输我事,柘枝看校十年迟。”

4、普通,通常。

元王旭《留别孙唐卿》诗:“涧有长松谷有兰,人材休把一般看。”

周而复《上海的早晨》第一部九:“平时他说出啥意见一般都得到 汤阿英的尊重,这点小事更不在话下了。”

5、一班。表数量,用于人群。

蒋光慈《少年漂泊者》:“刘老太爷正在大厅与一般穿得很阔的人们吃酒谈笑,高兴得不亦乐乎。”

丁玲《母亲》三:“她以为要救中国,一定先要有学问,还要有一般志同道合的朋友。”

6、哲学名词。

指一切事物,或者许多个别事物所属的一类事物。亦指事物的共性。

问题二:所有反义词大全 胖―瘦 香―臭 明―暗 忙―闲 凉―暖 来―去 尖―钝

好―坏 轻―重 前―后 左―右 是―非 有―无 老―少

深―浅 高―低 快―慢 升―降 入―出 开―关 斜―正

落―升 冷―热 饿―饱 贫―富 死―活 穷―富 买―卖

旧―新 细―粗 明―暗 首―尾 始―终

洁白―漆黑 美丽―丑陋 仔细―马虎 告别―会合 舒服―难受

粗心―细心 出发―归来 安宁―喧闹 宽敞―狭窄 困难―容易

热闹―寂静 空闲―忙碌 打开―关闭 流动―固定 暖和―寒冷

弯曲―笔直 微笑―悲伤 昂首―低头 开始―结束 现在―将来

喜欢―讨厌 欢快―沉重 机灵―愚笨 明白―糊涂 希望―失望

傍晚―清晨 秘密―公开 高大―矮小 坚定―动摇 张开―合拢

经常―偶尔 愤怒―高兴 坚定―犹豫 清楚―模糊 熟悉―陌生

保护―破坏 勇敢―懦弱 聪明―愚蠢 失败―成功 敞开―关闭

飞快―缓慢 明白―糊涂 失败―成功 烦恼―高兴 特殊―一般

特别―普通 漂亮―丑陋 高兴―伤心 仔细―粗心 精彩―枯燥

洁净―肮脏 心爱―厌恶 飞快―缓慢 极小―极大 温和―暴躁

好事―坏事 奔跑―停止 灾害―幸福 坚硬―松软 堵塞―畅通

贵重―便宜 锋利―迟钝 聚集―分散 新鲜―陈旧 破碎―完整

未来―现在 诚实―狡猾 可爱―可恨 活泼―呆板 赶紧―拖延

透明―浑浊 凉爽―炎热 永远―短暂 凉爽―闷热 广阔―狭小

相信―怀疑 裂开―合拢 相信―怀疑 节省―浪费 亲密―疏远

高明―低劣 热闹―冷清 喜欢―讨厌 茁壮―虚弱 得意洋洋―垂头丧气

斜―歪 脚―足肥―胖 降―落 找―寻 心惊肉跳―胆战心惊 丝毫未动―未动分毫祝愿―祝福 茁壮―强壮 召唤―呼唤 嘱咐―叮嘱 希望―盼望 闪烁―闪耀

希望―盼望 袭击―攻击 打扰―打搅 暖和―温和 拜访―访问 艳丽―鲜艳

节省―节约 美丽―漂亮 快乐―欢乐 时光―时间 惊讶―惊奇 亲密―亲切

依然―依旧 高明―高超 喜欢―喜爱 热闹―喧闹 开心―快乐 举行―进行

凉爽―凉快 广大―广阔 永远―永久 消失―消灭 饥荒―饥饿 广阔―宽阔

飞翔―飞行 奇怪―惊奇 眨眼―瞬间 聚集―聚拢 根据―依据 诚实―老实

未来―将来 称赞―赞扬 发现―发觉 赶紧―抓紧 快乐―高兴 解落―降落

波纹―波浪 颤动―颤抖 颤动―抖动 破碎―破裂 珍珠―珍宝 财富―财宝

锋利―锐利 伤心―难过 高兴―快乐 连忙―赶忙 拦住―挡住 极小―微小

漂浮―漂移 平时―平常 奔跑―奔驰 温和―温顺 灾害―灾难 帮助―关心

温和―亲切 无数―很多 愿意―同意 立刻―连忙 如果―假如 仔细―认真

传说―传奇 目录―名目 招聘―聘请 洁净―干净 特殊―特别 聆听―倾听

领袖―首领 盼望―希望 费力―费劲 使劲―用劲 救护―抢救 挑选―选择

本事―本领 烦恼―苦恼 究竟―毕竟 拼命―舍命 浪费―白费 干净―洁净

录取―录用 聊天―谈天 盼望―希望 耽误―耽搁 敞开―放开 躲藏―隐藏......

问题三:统称和什么是反义词 简称 [jiǎn chēng]

生词本

基本释义 详细释义

1.复杂名称的简化。如:人民代表大会简称人大

2.简明扼要地称作。如中国是中华人民共和国的简称

百科释义

简称,简单的称呼。抽出原词语中的共同部分,或概括原来几个词语表示的事物的共性,然后加上一个数词组成简称,如果涉及到特有名词的话,简称也属于官方学术界正式承认的官方称谓。 查看百科

英文翻译

Abbreviation

问题四:特色反义词是什么 特色 的反义词:共性

特色

【拼音】:[tè sè]

【释义】:事物所表现的独特的色彩、风格等。

问题五:提供的反义词是什么 开心-生气。温柔--温和。简单--复杂。很多--很少。

集中――分散、分散、疏散、散开

胖―瘦 香―臭 明―暗 忙―闲 凉―暖 来―去 尖―钝 好―坏

轻―重 前―后 左―右 是―非 有―无 老―少 深―浅 高―低

快―慢 升―降 入―出 开―关 斜―正 落―升 冷―热 饿―饱

贫―富 死―活 穷―富 买―卖 旧―新 细―粗 明―暗 首―尾

始―终 肥―胖 暖-寒 缓-急 宽-窄 甘-苦 外-内 先-后

利-钝 鬻-买 闲-忙 明―暗 此―彼 朝―暮 闲-忙 紧―松

伸―缩 稀―密 俯-仰 浮-沉 饱-饥 寒-暖 隐-现

洁白―漆黑 美丽―丑陋 仔细―马虎 告别―会合 舒服―难受

粗心―细心 出发―归来 安宁―喧闹 宽敞―狭窄 困难―容易

热闹―寂静 空闲―忙碌 打开―关闭 流动―固定 暖和―寒冷

弯曲―笔直 微笑―悲伤 昂首―低头 开始―结束 现在―将来

喜欢―讨厌 欢快―沉重 机灵―愚笨 明白―糊涂 希望―失望

傍晚―清晨 秘密―公开 高大―矮小 坚定―动摇 张开―合拢

经常―偶尔 愤怒―高兴 坚定―犹豫 清楚―模糊 熟悉―陌生

保护―破坏 勇敢―懦弱 聪明―愚蠢 失败―成功 敞开―关闭

飞快―缓慢 明白―糊涂 失败―成功 烦恼―高兴 特殊―一般

特别―普通 漂亮―丑陋 高兴―伤心 仔细―粗心 精彩―枯燥

洁净―肮脏 心爱―厌恶 飞快―缓慢 极小―极大 温和―暴躁

好事―坏事 奔跑―停止 灾害―幸福 坚硬―松软 堵塞―畅通

贵重―便宜 锋利―迟钝 聚集―分散 新鲜―陈旧 破碎―完整

未来―现在 诚实―狡猾 可爱―可恨 活泼―呆板 赶紧―拖延

透明―浑浊 凉爽―炎热 永远―短暂 凉爽―闷热 广阔―狭小

相信―怀疑 裂开―合拢 相信―怀疑 节省―浪费 亲密―疏远

高明―低劣 热闹―冷清 喜欢―讨厌 茁壮―虚弱 批评-表扬

担心-放心 倔强-柔顺 明白-糊涂 相信-怀疑 镇定-惊慌

稀少-稠密 狭窄-宽阔 慌忙-从容 毅然-犹豫 方便-麻烦

便宜-昂贵 爱慕-厌恶 合拢-张开 ......

abbreviation是什么意思及反义词

abbreviation

英 [əˌbri:viˈeɪʃn] 美 [əˌbriviˈeʃən]

n.

省略,缩写,简化,缩写词,略语;[数学]约分;[音乐]略号

缩的反义词是什么?求求你啦

缩注解

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缩suō

基本字义

(1) ㄙㄨㄛˉ

(2) 向后退,往回收:退~。畏~。~手(喻不敢再做下去)。~手~脚(喻做事顾虑多,不大胆)。

(3) 由大变小,由长变短:收~。伸~。压~。~减。~小。~编。~微(指利用照相技术等把文字图像缩成极小的胶卷**品)。

(4) 捆束:“~版以载”。

(5) 直,理直:“自反而~,虽千万人,吾往矣”。

(6) 滤酒去渣:~酒。

(7) 郑码:ZWAN,U:7F29,GBK:CBF5

(8) 笔画数:14,部首:纟,笔顺编号:55144532132511

英文同义contract crinkle draw back shrink withdraw

汉语反义:伸 胀

另见 缩sù

常用词组:缩砂密 sùshāmì

(1) [Amomum xanthioides] 多年生草本植物,叶子条状披针形,花粉色,蒴果椭圆形。种子棕色,椭圆形,有三个棱,亦称“缩砂”。种子入中药,称“砂仁”。

(2)姓------------------------------------------------------------------------------ suō 详细字义

〔动〕

(1) (形声。从糸(mì),宿声。糸,细丝,与绳索有关。本义:捆束)

(2) 同本义 [bind;tie]

其绳则直,缩版以载。——《诗·大雅·緜》

缩,乱也。——《说文》。朱曰:“许书之乱字皆治也,理也。此说解及尔雅之乱,正谓治理。”

磬阶闲缩溜。——《仪礼·乡饮酒礼》

十纯则缩而委之。——《仪礼·乡射礼·大射仪》

绞横三缩一。——《仪礼·士丧礼》

冠缩缝。——《礼记·檀弓》

布绞缩者一。——《礼记·丧大纪》

(3) 收缩 [contract;shrink]

论战斗之事,则缩颈而股栗。——宋·苏轼《教战守》

(4) 又如:缩栗(冷缩颤栗);缩气(收敛气焰);缩瑟(瑟缩。畏缩貌);缩首(点头)

(5) 退缩;退,减 [draw back;withdraw;recoil] 是日风静,舟行颇迟,又秋深潦缩,故得尽见杜老所谓“幸有舟楫迟,得尽所历妙”也。——宋·陆游《过小孤山大孤山》 (6) 又如:缩恧(因羞惭而畏惧瑟缩。恧,惭);缩伏(畏惧屈服);缩退(畏缩退却);缩栗(形容畏惧颤朒;枝叶枯萎)

(7) 节约,节省 [economize]。如:节衣缩食

(8) 亏欠,不足 [shorten] 由是以天下公赋为人君私藏,有司不复得窥其多少,校其赢缩。——《资治通鉴·唐·大历十四年》

(9) 又如:缩囊(日渐贫困);缩腹(忍受饥饿)

(10) 滤酒去渣 [filter] 缩酌用茅,明酌也。——《礼记·郊特牲》

(11) 又如:缩酒(古代祭祀时,捆束包茅立于前,灌酒于茅束,酒渗而下,视为神饮,名为缩酒,一说为滤酒去掉渣滓)

(12) 取,采取 [take]

若于目观则美,缩于财用则匮,是聚民利以自封而瘠民出,胡美之焉。——《国语·楚语》

(13) 又如:缩弗转(方言。收不回);缩屋称贞(称颂人在妇女有危难时,能守礼而不加侵犯**之词。按:缩屋而继之,指薪尽,又拆取屋木以继)

常用词组

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缩编

suōbiān

[cut army's strength to] 缩减编制

军队缩编

缩脖子

suō bózi

[shrink] 害怕困难,碰到困难就向后退

他平常老吹牛,这回一点麻烦可就让他缩脖子了

缩成一团

suō chéng yī tuán

(1) [curl up into a ball;huddle oneself up]∶常常因为寒冷、紧张、恐惧而蜷缩身体 (2) [cringe]∶使肌肉做不随意的收缩 缩尺 suōchǐ

(1) [contraction rule]∶模型工用的尺,这种尺上的刻度大于标准尺上的尺寸(用于铁铸件的大1/96,用于黄铜铸件的大1/64),以便适应铸造金属冷却时的收缩

(2) [reduced scale]∶指图纸上的尺寸小于实际尺寸的比例尺

缩地补天

suōdì-bǔtiān

[transform the heaven and earth] 改造天地。比喻改革国政

高祖缩地补天,重张区宇;返魂肉骨,再造生灵。——《旧唐书·音乐志》

缩短

suōduǎn

(1) [cut down;shorten]∶使距离、长度或时间变短

缩短距离

(2) [foreshorten]∶使篇幅减少

文章太长,得缩短篇幅

缩痕

suōhén

[sink mark] 由于浇口封住后的局部内收缩而在注塑制品表面产生的浅坑或陷窝

缩回

suōhuí

(1) [wince]∶用于由敏感、恐怖、畏惧或痛苦所引起的不自觉的惊退或惊离

他赶忙把手缩回

(2) [draw back;recoil]∶由于弹性形变的张力而收回

缩减

suōjiǎn

[dwindle;cut;reduce] 减少;缩小

缩减开支

缩简

suōjiǎn

[condense] 使所讲或所写缩减成简明形式

缩节

suōjié

[abstinence] 为积累资本而延迟开支

缩结

suōjié

[sheepshank] 使绳子缩短的绳结

缩紧

suōjǐn

[pucker] 紧缩;皱缩

缩紧嘴唇作…临别的一吻

缩进

suōjìn

[indent] 从左边或有时从右边缩进(一行或一段)

缩进一段的第一个字

把数字栏从右边缩进一英寸

缩聚

suōjù

(1) [condensation polymer]

(2) 消去一个分子的聚合

(3) 单体结合成高分子化合物,同时析出低分子副产物。如苯酚和甲醛结合成苯酚甲醛树脂,同时产生水

缩拢

suōlǒng

[pucker] 正常的平展表面上的皱摺;皱,皱纹

缩略

suōlüè

[contract; abbreviate] 一种书面词的或短语的缩短形式,用来代替整体,达到简化,通常从整体中的一部或多部分删减字母,形成缩写(如abbr缩自abbreviation,am缩自amount,bldg缩自building)

缩色

suōsè

[receding color] 和其它颜色在同一平面上,但看上去离眼睛较远的几种颜色(如绿色、蓝色、紫色及其各种变色)

缩手

suōshǒu

[shrink from doing sth.] 却步抽身;不下手。比喻不敢做下去或不干预其事

巧匠旁观,缩手袖间。——唐·韩愈《祭柳子厚文》

缩手缩脚

suōshǒu-suōjiǎo

(1) [shrink with cold]∶因寒冷而四肢卷缩

(2) [be overcautions]∶做事不大胆,顾虑多

喊了许多,店家方拿了一盏灯,缩手缩脚的进来。——《老残游记》

缩水

suōshuǐ

[shrink through wetting] 纺织品,纤维等下水后收缩

这种布不缩水

缩头缩脑

suōtóu-suōnǎo

(1) [be timid]∶形容胆小、畏缩

(2) [shrink from responsibility]∶比喻胆小,怕负责任不敢出头

缩微

suōwēi

(1) [reduce to minute size]

(2) 使缩成微型

缩微设备

(3) 缩小成微型的

缩微胶卷

缩微卡片

suōwēi kǎpiàn

[microcard] 由一般缩小20倍,用16或35毫米胶卷制成的,尺寸为71/2×121/2厘米的照片,它是缩微版本的一种形式

缩微书

suōwēishū

[microbook] 要用放大镜才能阅读的非常小的书

缩小

suōxiǎo

[decrease;abate;lessen;reduce] 使在规模、数量、范围或数目上减少;由大变小 公路在这里缩小成一条街道

缩写

suōxiě

(1) [abbreviation]∶乐谱的指示记号(如pp,con 8 va)

(2) [abridge;abbreviate]

(3) 使用拼音文字的语言,对某些常用词或词组的简便写法。如:Eng.代表 England (英格兰);No 代表 numero (号数)

(4) 改写文学作品,使篇幅缩短

缩写本

缩衣节食

suōyī-jiéshí

[economize on food and clothing] 生活节俭

我愿邻曲谨盖藏,缩衣节食勤耕桑。——宋·陆游《剑南诗稿·秋获歌》

缩印

suōyìn

[reprint books in a reduced format] 把书画、文件等用照相的办法缩小,再制版印刷 缩影

suōyǐng

[miniature;epitome] 指可以代表同类的具体而微的人或事物

《红楼梦》中的贾府是日趋没落的中国封建社会的缩影

缩重

suōzhòng

(1) [shrinkage]

(2) 家畜在运输中以及在加工成为食用肉过程中重量的耗损

(3) 烹调过程中肉的重量耗损

缩自

suōzì

[abbreviate from] 指明一个书面词的或短语的缩短形式的来源,用以代替的整体 U.S.A.缩自United States of America

opp是英语的什么词性

词性是反义词。

以下是反义词的相关介绍:

运用反义词,可以揭示事物的矛盾,形成意思的鲜明对照和映衬,从而把事物的特点深刻地表示出来。多组反义词连用,可以起到加强语气、强调核心意思的作用。反义词可以构成对偶、映衬的句子,使语言更加深刻有力。

有助于人们研修古现代汉语,准确地理解文字及其遣词造句,提高读者的逆向、辩证和创新思维能力以及各门知识的学习和研究,既可反映客观事物又可表达情志,增强语言的表达力与感染力。

概念意义并没有对立或对待关系,作者借用上下文临时用来表示对立或对待的现象,属于一种用词上的变异。

以上资料参考百度百科——反义词

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