initiative词根「initiative同根词」
以i开头的英语词汇及例句
以开头的i英语词汇和例句,你们看好了。下面是我给大家整理的以i开头的英语词汇及例句,供大家参阅!
以i开头的英语词汇及例句1
impossibility n. 不可能之事, 不可能

【例句】To be poor and independent is very nearly an impossibility. 贫穷而又不依赖他人几乎完全不可能。
impoverished n. 穷困的, 无力的,用尽了的
【例句】During the Depression many impoverished Negroes wrote policy in the hopes of winning sufficient to feed their families. 在大萧条时期,许多穷困的黑人经营抽彩赌博,以期赢得足够的钱来养家糊口。
impulsive a. 冲动的
【认知】本词词根为“pulse”;如“impulse”与其同源。
inabilities n. 无能, 无力
inaccessible a. (~ to)达不到的, 难以接近
【认知】词根为“cess(走)”。如“excess”与其同源。
inactivity n. 静止, 不活泼, 休止状态
incidence n. [sing.] 1.发生;影响;发生(或影响)方式 2.发生率
【例句】The ~ of murder that Sunday afternoon shocked the sleepy village.那个星期天下午发生的凶杀案,震动了这个一向沉寂的村庄。【认知】前缀为“in-”;词根“cid”含义为“fall”(落下);核心含义为“to fall into; befall; happen”(事件;降临)。如“accident”与其同源。
inclinations n. 倾斜, 弯曲, 倾度, 倾向, 爱好
【例句】Let every one follow his inclinations — provided he go upward. 让每个人都随意去做 —— 只要他趋于上进。
incompetent a. 不合格的, 不胜任的
【例句】Democracy substitutes selection by the incompetent many for appointment by the corrupt few. 民主政治由无能的多数进行的选择代替由**的少数作出的任命。
inconstant a. 变化无常的
【认知】词根“stant”含义为“stand”(保持)。
inconvenience n. 麻烦, 不方便之处
【例句】London Transport regrets any inconvenience caused by these repairs. 伦敦交通管理当局为这些修理工程所带来的不便致歉。
indecency n. 下流, 不适当, 猥亵
【认知】词根“dece”含义为“装饰 — 得体”。如“decorate”与其同源。
indecisive a. 非决定性的
【例句】They painted him as indecisive, negative and selfish. 他们把他说成是个优柔寡断、消极又自私的人。
indefinitely ad. 不确定地
【例句】The bill will lie on the table indefinitely. 这议案将不定期地被搁置。
indiscriminate a. 不分皂白的, 不加选择的
【例句】to plunder the ocean’s fish with large indiscriminate nets用各种规格的大网滥捕海鱼。
【认知】词根“-crim-”含义为“decide(决断)”。
indisputable a. 无争论之余地的, 明白的
【例句】The facts added together to build up an indisputable theory. 这些事实综合起来,构成了一个无可争辩的理论。【认知】词根“-pute-”含义为“思想;思考”。如“computer”与其同源。
individuality n. 个性, 个人的特性, (通常用复数)个人的嗜好
【例句】to seek to preserve one’s entity and individuality 设法保持自己的存在和个性
inducement n. 1.诱导, 诱因, 动机 2.**物
【认知】本词的词根“-duce-”含义为“引导”。如“deduce; produce”等与其同源。
industriously ad. 勤勉地, 刻苦地
ineptly ad. 不适当地, 无能地
【认知】词根“-ept-”含义为“适合”。如“apt”与其同源。
以i开头的英语词汇及例句2
inevitability n. 必然性
【例句】a naive belief in the inevitability of a progress 为进步是必然的幼稚信念。
inexperience n. 缺乏经验, 不熟练, 未熟
【例句】He, with his simplicity and inexperience, was (an) easy prey for ambitious females. 由于单纯和缺乏经验,他常常轻易成为野心勃勃的女子的牺牲品。
inference n. 1.推论,推理,推断 2.推断结果,结论
【例句】The full extent of the damage can be e gauged only by ~. 全部损失只能靠推断测定。
inhumanly ad. 不人道地, 残暴地
initially ad. 最初, 开头
【认知】词根“-ini-”含义为“开始”。如“initiative”与其同源。
injustices n. 不公平, 不讲道义
【例句】The latest injustices reinforced the popular urge to revolt. 最近的不义行动激化了人民发动起义的迫切性。
inquisitive a. 好奇的
【例句】Her inquisitive nature got her into trouble more than once. 她爱打听他人私事的天性使她不止一次招来麻烦。
insecurity n. 不安全, 不安全感
【例句】dread of insecurity 对不安全的忧虑。
insight n. (~ into)1.(对内部的)察看 2.洞察力 3.洞悉,深刻的见解;深入了解
【例句】Take the machine apart and get an ~ into how it works. 把机器拆开,察看一下它是怎样运转的。
insistently a. 坚持地, 强求地
instability n. 不稳定(性)
【例句】Critics point to the continuing instability of the company. 评论家们强调公司的形式继续不稳。
instinctive n. 1.本能,天性 2.直觉 3.天资,天分,天赋的才能 4.冲动,反应
【例句】The English instinctively admire any man who has no talent and is modest about it. 英国人本能地赞美一切没有才能而又对才能表示谦虚的人。【认知】前缀为“in-”;词根“stinct”含义为“刺,激”。如“stimulate”与其同源。
institutional a. 1. 设定的;制定的;制度的 2.学会的;协会的 3.规格化的 4.机构的
instructively ad. 教育地, 有益地
integration n. 1.成为一体,结合在一起,合并
【认知】词根为“-teg-”(接触)。如“integral”与其同源。
interactive a. 交互式的,互动的
interdependent a. 相互依赖的, 互助的
interference n. 1.阻碍;冲突;抵触 2.介入;干涉,干预;扰乱
【例句】the outside ~ in a country 一个国家所受的外来干涉
interpret v. 1.解释,说明,阐明 2.口译,翻译 3.理解,了解
【例句】The philosophers have only ~ed the world in various ways; the point is to change it. 哲学家们只是用不同的方式解释世界,而问题在于改变世界。
intervene v. 1.**;介入;介于中间;发生于其间 2.干涉,干预;调停,斡旋 3.干扰,阻挠;打扰
【例句】A week ~s between Christmas and New Year’s Day.圣诞节至元旦之间隔着1个星期。
【认知】参见前缀“inter-”含义;词根“vene”含义为“to come”(来);核心含义为“to come between”(介入)。
interviewee n. 被接见者, 被访问者
intimacy n. 亲密, 隐私, 亲昵行为(尤指不正当的性关系)
【例句】The separation of many years has dried up their intimacy. 多年的分离使他们不再亲密无间。
以i开头的英语词汇及例句3
idealists n. 理想主义者a.唯心主义的
【例句】when they coem doenstairs fron their ivory towers, idealists are apt to walk straight into the gutter. 理想主义者在走下象牙塔时,很容易径直迈进阴沟。
identically ad. 同一地, 相等地
ignorance n.(~ of, about)1.无知,愚昧 2.不知
【例句】Ignorance is the dusk when disaster wanders. 无知是灾祸漫游的黄昏。
Illiteracy n. 文盲;无知的人
【例句】Schools have decreased, illiteracy has actually increased, and education has touched bottom. 学校减少,文盲的实际数字有所增长,教育已降至最低点了。
illogical a. 不合逻辑的, 不合理的
【例句】Faith may be defined briefly as an illogical belief in the occurrence of the improbable. 信仰可以简洁地定义为对不可能之事的发生所持的不逻辑的信念。
illumination n. 1.照明,照亮;照射 2.阐明,解释;启发
【认知】本词词根“-lum-”含义为“光”。如“illustrate”与其同源。
illusions n. 1.错觉,幻觉,假象 2.幻想,错误的观念
【例句】the old man’s ruddy complexion gave an ~ of good health. 老人红润的脸色给人了健康的错觉。【认知】词根“lus”含义为“逃脱 — 欺骗”。与“elusive”与其同源。
imaginary a. 想象中的,假想的,虚构的;幻想的
【例句】The equator is an ~ circle around th earth.赤道即假想的环绕地球的大圆。
immaturity n. 未成熟, 粗糙,未臻完美
【认知】词根“-mat-”含义为“善者;好人”。
immediacy n. 直接
immorally ad. 不道德地, 品行不良地
immune a.(~ from; to)1.免除的,豁免的 2.可防止的;不受影响的
【例句】Nobody is ~ from critici**. 谁也难免受批评。【认知】前缀为“in-”;词根“mune”含义为“duty”(职责);核心含义为“exempt from a public service”(公职,职责,税务等免除)。
impacts n.(~ on / upon)1. 冲击,撞击,碰撞(力) 2.冲击(或撞击)力 3.影响,作用
【例句】 The estimated point of ~ of each missile was worked out by computer.每枚火箭的估计着陆点由计算机算出。【认知】前缀为“in-”;词根“pact”含义为“to fasten”(紧);本词的核心含义为“pushed against; fastened on; to thrust at; to drive in”(插入的;钉住的)。
impair v. 1.削弱;减少2.损害,损伤
【例句】 The output of produce was ~ ed by the cold weather.农产品由于气候寒冷而减产。【认知】前缀为“in-”;词根“pair”与“pejor”为变体关系,含义为“worse”(更差的;更弱的)。
impart v. 1.(~ to)给予(尤指抽象事物);分予;传授 2.告知,透露;通知
【例句】~ a great deal of instruction to **. 给某人以大量的教导。【认知】前缀为“in-”;词根为“part”(部分);核心含义为“成为部分;分享”。
imperative a. 1.必要的,紧急的,极重要的 2.命令(式)的;必须服从的,强制的;专横的 3.具抑制(或控制、支配)力的
【例句】It is an ~ of national policy. 这是一项国策性的必要措施。【认知】前缀为“in-”;词
根“pera”与“pare”(规则;统治)为变体关系。如“emperor”与其同源。
implication n. 1.卷入,牵连;涉及;密切关系 2.含意;含蓄 3.暗示,暗指
【例句】have grave ~s for unemployment 严重关系到失业问题。【认知】参见前缀“in-”含义;词根“pli”含义为“fold”(折叠);本词的核心含义为“to involve”(交织;折叠)。如“implicit”与其同源。
2020-03-14
①A priority of China’s belt is to improve cross-border transport. ②It squares with ASEAN’s desire for regional integration.③As elsewhere, the soft infrastructure lags the hard, particularly at borders.④Hence a new body called the Chongqing Connectivity Initiative, set up with Singapore, to seek a single electronic platform for speeding up customs clearance.
“一带一路”的一个首要任务是改善跨境运输。这与东盟对区域一体化的愿望吻合。和其他地方一样,这里的软件基础设施落后于硬件,尤其在边界地区。为此,重庆和新加坡联合成立了名为“重庆互联互通倡议”的新部门,打造单一电子平台来加快通关速度。
①A priority of China’s belt is to improve cross-border transport.
“一带一路”的一个首要任务是改善跨境运输。
A priority of 首要任务;头等大事;当务之急
priority 优先事项;优先;优先通行权
词根 pri=first 第一
后缀 -ity=构成名词;表状态和性质等
China's belt 中国“一带一路”,英文省略掉了road,但根据意思我们应该知道它指代的是“一带一路”。所以翻译的时候要翻译完整。
improve 改进;改善;增进;提高;康复;健康好转;超过;胜过
根据后面的词选择相应的动词修饰
improve与以下词性连用
adv.
significantly improve
明显改进(或好转)
improve slightly
略有改进(或好转)
v.
continue to improve
继续改进(或好转)
expected to improve
期望改进(或好转)
need to improve
需要改进
try to improve
力图改进
improve on/upon sth 改进;做出比…更好的成绩
to achieve or produce sth that is of a better quality than sth else
We've certainly improved on last year's figures. 我们的业绩的确超过了去年的数字。
其他同义词
in the sense of advance(提高)
The country has advanced from a rural society to an industrial power.
同义词 improve, rise, grow, develop, reform, pick up, progress, thrive, upgrade, multiply, prosper, make strides
in the sense of ameliorate(改善)
Definition
to make (something) better
Nothing can be done to ameliorate the situation.
同义词 improve, better, benefit, reform, advance, promote, amend, elevate, raise, mend, mitigate, make better, assuage, meliorate
cross-border 跨境
cross-border trade 跨境贸易
cross-border electronic commerce (跨境电子商务)跨境电商
首句指明首要任务是什么。接下来论述
②It squares with ASEAN’s desire for regional integration.
这与东盟对区域一体化的愿望吻合。
It指代前面第一句所说的首要任务:改善跨境运输。
square with
1.agree with与…一致(或协调)
His actions do not square with his principles.他的行为与他的原则不一致。
His theory squares with the facts.他的理论与事实相符。
2.finish paying sth.付清…的帐
I should be able to square with you at the end of the month.我在月底就能付清你的帐。
3.arrange(things)with **.与…把…安排好
Can you square things with the director so that the worker won't be punished for his accidental damage?
你与主任商量一下,不要使这个造成意外损失的工作人员受到处罚,行吗?
ASEAN 东南亚联盟的缩写,上文有说到。
one's desire for (某人)...愿望/渴望
[countable, uncountable] a strong hope or wish
desire to do something
a strong desire to win 有强烈想赢的渴望
desire for
a desire for knowledge 对知识的渴望
desire that
It was Harold’s desire that he should be buried next to his wife.
express/show a desire 表达愿望
She expressed a desire to visit us.
have no desire to do something (=used to emphasize that you do not want to do something)
I have no desire to cause any trouble.
overwhelming/burning desire (=very strong desire)
Paul had a burning desire to visit India.
integration
第二句话引出东盟的愿望和“一带一路"是相吻合的。
③As elsewhere, the soft infrastructure lags the hard, particularly at borders.
和其他地方一样,这里的软件基础设施落后于硬件,尤其在边界地区。
第三句介绍为什么东盟想要区域一体化的缘由。
As elsewhere 和其他地方一样
前后可加入区域地区,可特指强调某地区的其他地方一样
As elsewhere in the world/ in Europe 和世界上/欧洲其他地区一样
leg 在句中是“落后于”的意思,其实还有很多其他意思
v. 缓慢移动;发展缓慢;滞后;落后于;给(管道等)加防冻保暖层
n. 滞后,(时间上的)间隔
in the sense of drop
Definition
to fall away in strength or intensity
Trade has lagged since the embargo.
同义词
drop
fail
diminish
decrease
flag
fall off
wane
ebb
slacken
lose strength
the soft infrastructure lags the hard(infrastructure)
hard后面应该还有,省略掉。
后面强调尤其是在边界地区,和前面两句的首要任务呼应,也衔接下一句要说的内容。
④Hence a new body called the Chongqing Connectivity Initiative, set up with Singapore, to seek a single electronic platform for speeding up customs clearance.
为此,重庆和新加坡联合成立了名为“重庆互联互通倡议”的新部门,打造单一电子平台来加快通关速度。
首先先短句,划清成分。
Hence a new body(主语)/ called the Chongqing Connectivity Initiative, set up/(谓语) with Singapore, /to seek a single electronic platform/ for speeding up customs clearance.
主句是 a new body set up 成立了一个新部门
body 有机构,部门,身体等的意思,根据上下文应该是部门。
called the Chongqing Connectivity Initiative called后面是body的修饰定语,告诉我们这个新部门是做什么的。
set up with Singapore 和新加坡一起成立。开头用被动语态,没有谈及是谁和新加坡一起成立。根据倡议内容,可知知是和重庆一起成立新部门。
to seek a single electronic platform /for speeding up customs clearance.
to seek 表方式,去寻求....
a single electronic platform 单一电子平台
按照英文合起来的意思是为了寻求单一电子平台,但读起来不符合中文语境。平台可以用打造的,所以可以改成打造单一电子平台。
for speeding up customs clearance
speeding up 加快(…的)速度;
customs clearance 通关,清关
initiative是什么意思
initiative作名词时意思为倡议,新方案,主动性,积极性,自发性,掌握有利条件的能力(或机会),主动权,(美国某些州的)公民立法提案程序;作形容词时意思是主动的,自发的,起始的。
Initiatives是initiative的复数形式。
双语例句:
1、The proposed initiative would mandate a reduction of carbon dioxide of 40%.
倡议将强制规定把二氧化碳排放量降低40%。
2、He is pushing a new initiative to change that this fall.
他正在推进新方案在今年秋天改变这种情况。
3、He believed in giving his staff scope for initiative.
他认为应给员工提供发挥主动性的机会。
4、In this way they brought into full play the initiative, wisdom and power of the masses.
这样他们就使群众的积极性、智慧和力量都充分发挥出来。
initiative记忆方式:
单词:initiative=in+it+i+ative.
前缀:in=进入。
词根:it=to go=走。
链接:i=无意义。
后缀:ative=ate+ive合成。
本义:走进去的地方,就是一个类似于“入口”的地方,喻为“开始,最初”。即进入的那个位置,就是开始,开端。
引申:由“开端”,引申为“起始的”,其他意思均由这层本义引申而来。
Submarine deal
What does the Australian submarine deal mean for non-proliferation?
澳大利亚核潜艇协议对“国际核不扩散努力”意味着什么?
A new trilateral defence pact, AUKUS, announced on September 15th, will involve far-reaching defence co-operation between America, Australia and Britain. The group's first initiative, and its most important, will be American and British assistance to Australia in building a fleet of at least eight nuclear-powered submarines.
9 月 15 日,一个新的三边安全机制——美英澳联盟(AUKUS)——宣布建立,美国、澳大利亚和英国将深化彼此在安全防务方面的合作。该联盟首个、同时也是最重要的一个举措,是美、英两国帮助澳大利亚打造一支至少由 8 艘核潜艇组成的舰队。
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"This technology is extremely sensitive," acknowledged an American official. Nuclear-powered subs are sensitive not just because of their range, speed and stealthiness. It is also because they are powered with the same stuff that is used in bombs — enriched uranium.
“这项技术极其敏感,”一位美国官员坦白道。核潜艇之所以敏感,不仅因为其续航久、速度快,且拥有很强的隐蔽性;还因为其动力来源与制造核武器使用的是同一种东西——浓缩铀。
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The Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) forbids signatories who don't already have a bomb from making one. It also says they must put sensitive nuclear material, like enriched uranium, under international safeguards, monitored by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). But the rules have a submarine-shaped loophole. States are allowed to remove nuclear material from safeguards if they are for "a non-proscribed military activity", such as submarine propulsion.
《不扩散核武器条约》禁止无核武器的缔约国制造核武器;并规定缔约国须将浓缩铀等敏感的核原料置于国际安全保障之下,受国际原子能机构(IAEA)监管。然而,该条约的规定存在一个“潜艇级”大漏洞:若缔约国的核原料是用于“禁令以外的军事活动”(如核潜艇动力推动)的,那么它们将不必置于国际安全监管之下。
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Most non-proliferation advocates are not terribly worried about Australia building a nuke. They are more concerned that the spread of nuclear-submarine technology and fuel for propulsion reactors sets a dangerous precedent that will be exploited by others. Countries that do want nuclear weapons might see submarines as a convenient excuse for making or acquiring bomb-usable HEU, out of sight of pesky inspectors.
让大多数“不扩散核武器”倡导者无比在意的并不是澳大利亚制造核潜艇这件事本身。他们更担心的是,核潜艇技术和推进反应堆燃料的传播会开创一个危险的先例,而这种做法将会被其他国家加以利用。那些真的想要核武器的国家可能会以核潜艇为借口,在讨厌的监察者的监管盲区制造或获取可用于制造核武器的高浓缩铀。
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"With the new AUKUS decision, we can now expect the proliferation of very sensitive military nuclear technology in the coming years, with literally tons of new nuclear materials under loose or no international safeguards," warns Sébastien Philippe of Princeton University, writing for the "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists".
普林斯顿大学塞巴斯蒂安·菲利普为《原子科学家公报》撰文时警告道:“美英澳联盟成立的这个新决定,让我们现在可以预测的是,在未来几年里,高度敏感的军事核技术将会扩散,到时候真的会有成吨的新型核原料处于宽松的国际安全保障下,或者根本不处于国际安全保障之下。”
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主编:Felicity、Mia
品控:Felicity
审核:
Photo Credit: Brendan Smialowski / AFP、JIM WATSON / AFP
重点词汇
submarine
/ˌsʌb.məˈriːn/
n. 潜艇,潜水艇
拓展读音:/ˈsʌb.məˌriːn/
相关词汇:marine(adj. 海洋的,海生的)
搭配短语:marine life(海洋生物)
词根词缀:sub-(表示“下面地”)
相关词汇:subtitle(n. 副标题;字幕);subway(n. 地铁)
缩写:sub(n. 潜水艇)
trilateral
/ˌtraɪˈlæt̬.ɚ.əl/
adj. 三边的,三方的
相关词汇:lateral(adj. 边的,侧面的)
英文释义:relating to the sides of something
派生词:bilateral(adj. 双边的)
词根词缀:bi-(表示“双,两个”)
搭配短语:to promote bilateral relations
词根词缀:tri-(表示“三”)
initiative
/ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.t̬ɪv/
n. 倡议,提议,计划,方案
搭配短语:The Belt and Road Initiative(“一带一路”倡议)
英文释义:a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or achieving a particular purpose
fleet
/fliːt/
n. 舰队,船队
sensitive
/ˈsen.sə.t̬ɪv/
adj.(信息、话题)敏感的;(人的神经)敏感的
例句:Many people are very sensitive about their appearance.
搭配短语:a politically sensitive issue
stealthiness
/ˈstelθɪnəs/
n. 隐蔽,隐蔽性
相关词汇:steal(v. 偷窃)
相关词汇:stealthy(adj. 隐秘的,隐蔽的)
搭配短语:stealthy footsteps
词根词缀:-ness(名词后缀)
相关词汇:stealth(n. 隐形技术)
搭配短语:a stealth bomber
搭配短语:a stealth fighter
bomb
/bɑːm/
n. 核武器
英文释义:nuclear weapons
搭配短语:the first country to have the bomb
enrich
/ɪnˈrɪtʃ/
v. 使浓缩;使变得丰富,使充实
搭配短语:enriched uranium(浓缩铀)
forbid
/fɚˈbɪd/
v. 禁止,不准
搭配短语:forbid **. from doing sth.(禁止某人做某事)
例句:They were forbidden from contacting the outside world.
相关词汇:forbidden(adj. 禁止的,不准的)
搭配短语:the Forbidden City(紫禁城,故宫)
loophole
/ˈluːp.hoʊl/
n.(法律、合同的)漏洞,空子
相关词汇:hole(n. 孔,洞)
相关词汇:loop(n. 城墙上开的小窗口(供弓箭手射击用))
搭配短语:tax loopholes(税收漏洞)
搭配短语:to close loopholes in the law(填补法律漏洞)
proscribe
/proʊˈskraɪb/
v.(尤指通过法律)禁止
近义词:forbid
propulsion
/prəˈpʌl.ʃən/
n. 推进,推动
相关词汇:propel(v. 驱动;推动)
搭配短语:mechanically propelled vehicles(机动汽车)
例句:The film propelled her to stardom.
nuke
/nuːk/
n. 核潜艇;核武器;核电站
文化补充:nuke 是 nuclear weapons(核武器)的简写,该说法常见于北美地区,最早是美军内部的“黑话”(U.S. military slang)。
precedent
/ˈpres.ə.dent/
n. 先例,前例;常规
词根词缀:pre-(表示“先,前”)
例句:There is no precedent for sth..(某件事还从未有过先例。)
搭配短语:to break with precedent(打破常规)
exploit
/ɪkˈsplɔɪt/
v.(卑劣或不公平地)利用;剥削;利用(资源)
搭配短语:to exploit resources as fully as possible
搭配短语:to exploit legal loopholes(钻法律漏洞)
acquire
/əˈkwaɪɚ/
v. 获得,得到;习得
例句:I acquired a good knowledge of English.(习得)
搭配短语:to acquire valuable works((通过购买、被赠予的方式)得到)
out of sight of
不在……视野范围内
相关词汇:sight(n.What does the Australian submarine deal mean for non-proliferation?
澳大利亚核潜艇协议对“国际核不扩散努力”意味着什么?
A new trilateral defence pact, AUKUS, announced on September 15th, will involve far-reaching defence co-operation between America, Australia and Britain. The group's first initiative, and its most important, will be American and British assistance to Australia in building a fleet of at least eight nuclear-powered submarines.
9 月 15 日,一个新的三边安全机制——美英澳联盟(AUKUS)——宣布建立,美国、澳大利亚和英国将深化彼此在安全防务方面的合作。该联盟首个、同时也是最重要的一个举措,是美、英两国帮助澳大利亚打造一支至少由 8 艘核潜艇组成的舰队。
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"This technology is extremely sensitive," acknowledged an American official. Nuclear-powered subs are sensitive not just because of their range, speed and stealthiness. It is also because they are powered with the same stuff that is used in bombs — enriched uranium.
“这项技术极其敏感,”一位美国官员坦白道。核潜艇之所以敏感,不仅因为其续航久、速度快,且拥有很强的隐蔽性;还因为其动力来源与制造核武器使用的是同一种东西——浓缩铀。
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The Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) forbids signatories who don't already have a bomb from making one. It also says they must put sensitive nuclear material, like enriched uranium, under international safeguards, monitored by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). But the rules have a submarine-shaped loophole. States are allowed to remove nuclear material from safeguards if they are for "a non-proscribed military activity", such as submarine propulsion.
《不扩散核武器条约》禁止无核武器的缔约国制造核武器;并规定缔约国须将浓缩铀等敏感的核原料置于国际安全保障之下,受国际原子能机构(IAEA)监管。然而,该条约的规定存在一个“潜艇级”大漏洞:若缔约国的核原料是用于“禁令以外的军事活动”(如核潜艇动力推动)的,那么它们将不必置于国际安全监管之下。
加入会员可查看
Most non-proliferation advocates are not terribly worried about Australia building a nuke. They are more concerned that the spread of nuclear-submarine technology and fuel for propulsion reactors sets a dangerous precedent that will be exploited by others. Countries that do want nuclear weapons might see submarines as a convenient excuse for making or acquiring bomb-usable HEU, out of sight of pesky inspectors.
让大多数“不扩散核武器”倡导者无比在意的并不是澳大利亚制造核潜艇这件事本身。他们更担心的是,核潜艇技术和推进反应堆燃料的传播会开创一个危险的先例,而这种做法将会被其他国家加以利用。那些真的想要核武器的国家可能会以核潜艇为借口,在讨厌的监察者的监管盲区制造或获取可用于制造核武器的高浓缩铀。
加入会员可查看
"With the new AUKUS decision, we can now expect the proliferation of very sensitive military nuclear technology in the coming years, with literally tons of new nuclear materials under loose or no international safeguards," warns Sébastien Philippe of Princeton University, writing for the "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists".
普林斯顿大学塞巴斯蒂安·菲利普为《原子科学家公报》撰文时警告道:“美英澳联盟成立的这个新决定,让我们现在可以预测的是,在未来几年里,高度敏感的军事核技术将会扩散,到时候真的会有成吨的新型核原料处于宽松的国际安全保障下,或者根本不处于国际安全保障之下。
主编:Felicity、Mia
品控:Felicity
审核:
Photo Credit: Brendan Smialowski / AFP、JIM WATSON / AFP
重点词汇
submarine
/ˌsʌb.məˈriːn/
n. 潜艇,潜水艇
拓展读音:/ˈsʌb.məˌriːn/
相关词汇:marine(adj. 海洋的,海生的)
搭配短语:marine life(海洋生物)
词根词缀:sub-(表示“下面地”)
相关词汇:subtitle(n. 副标题;字幕);subway(n. 地铁)
缩写:sub(n. 潜水艇)
trilateral
/ˌtraɪˈlæt̬.ɚ.əl/
adj. 三边的,三方的
相关词汇:lateral(adj. 边的,侧面的)
英文释义:relating to the sides of something
派生词:bilateral(adj. 双边的)
词根词缀:bi-(表示“双,两个”)
搭配短语:to promote bilateral relations
词根词缀:tri-(表示“三”)
initiative
/ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.t̬ɪv/
n. 倡议,提议,计划,方案
搭配短语:The Belt and Road Initiative(“一带一路”倡议)
英文释义:a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or achieving a particular purpose
fleet
/fliːt/
n. 舰队,船队
sensitive
/ˈsen.sə.t̬ɪv/
adj.(信息、话题)敏感的;(人的神经)敏感的
例句:Many people are very sensitive about their appearance.
搭配短语:a politically sensitive issue
stealthiness
/ˈstelθɪnəs/
n. 隐蔽,隐蔽性
相关词汇:steal(v. 偷窃)
相关词汇:stealthy(adj. 隐秘的,隐蔽的)
搭配短语:stealthy footsteps
词根词缀:-ness(名词后缀)
相关词汇:stealth(n. 隐形技术)
搭配短语:a stealth bomber
搭配短语:a stealth fighter
bomb
/bɑːm/
n. 核武器
英文释义:nuclear weapons
搭配短语:the first country to have the bomb
enrich
/ɪnˈrɪtʃ/
v. 使浓缩;使变得丰富,使充实
搭配短语:enriched uranium(浓缩铀)
forbid
/fɚˈbɪd/
v. 禁止,不准
搭配短语:forbid **. from doing sth.(禁止某人做某事)
例句:They were forbidden from contacting the outside world.
相关词汇:forbidden(adj. 禁止的,不准的)
搭配短语:the Forbidden City(紫禁城,故宫)
loophole
/ˈluːp.hoʊl/
n.(法律、合同的)漏洞,空子
相关词汇:hole(n. 孔,洞)
相关词汇:loop(n. 城墙上开的小窗口(供弓箭手射击用))
搭配短语:tax loopholes(税收漏洞)
搭配短语:to close loopholes in the law(填补法律漏洞)
proscribe
/proʊˈskraɪb/
v.(尤指通过法律)禁止
近义词:forbid
propulsion
/prəˈpʌl.ʃən/
n. 推进,推动
相关词汇:propel(v. 驱动;推动)
搭配短语:mechanically propelled vehicles(机动汽车)
例句:The film propelled her to stardom.
nuke
/nuːk/
n. 核潜艇;核武器;核电站
文化补充:nuke 是 nuclear weapons(核武器)的简写,该说法常见于北美地区,最早是美军内部的“黑话”(U.S. military slang)。
precedent
/ˈpres.ə.dent/
n. 先例,前例;常规
词根词缀:pre-(表示“先,前”)
例句:There is no precedent for sth..(某件事还从未有过先例。)
搭配短语:to break with precedent(打破常规)
exploit
/ɪkˈsplɔɪt/
v.(卑劣或不公平地)利用;剥削;利用(资源)
搭配短语:to exploit resources as fully as possible
搭配短语:to exploit legal loopholes(钻法律漏洞)
acquire
/əˈkwaɪɚ/
v. 获得,得到;习得
例句:I acquired a good knowledge of English.(习得)
搭配短语:to acquire valuable works((通过购买、被赠予的方式)得到)
out of sight of
不在……视野范围内
相关词汇:sight(n. 视野)
文化补充:"out of sight,out of mind" 类似于中文里的“眼不见,心不烦”。
pesky
/ˈpes.ki/
adj. 恼人的,讨厌的
近义词:annoying
搭配短语:pesky mosquitos
加 视野)
文化补充:"out of sight,out of mind" 类似于中文里的“眼不见,心不烦”。
pesky
/ˈpes.ki/
adj. 恼人的,讨厌的
近义词:annoying
搭配短语:pesky mosquitos